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(Ne)mogućnost prevođenja poezije – Suho mjesto Vide Sever
No full textUnutar već složenog područja književnog prevođenja, pitanje (ne)mogućnosti prevođenja poezije oduvijek se smatralo posebnom temom u okviru općenitije rasprave o (ne)prevodivosti. Služeći se spoznajama iz područja poput filozofije jezika, lingvistike i teorije prevođenja, glavni cilj ovoga rada bio je produbiti razumijevanje (ne)prevodivosti analizom izazova u književnom prevođenju, posebice u prevođenju poezije. Cilj je bio i pokazati kako je prihvaćanje poteškoća koje leže u prevođenju poezije prvi korak prema potrazi za prevoditeljskim strategijama koje će prevoditelju omogućiti da prenese autorov pjesnički jezik i stil, kao i formu, značenje i metafore prisutne u izvorniku. Naposljetku, teme prevoditelj kao autor/prevoditelj i autor te nevidljivost prijevoda/nevidljivost u prijevodu proučavane su s obzirom na simpatico, pritom se služeći debitantskom zbirkom pjesama Suho mjesto (2021.) suvremene mlade hrvatske pjesnikinje Vide Sever kao studijom slučaja koja odražava složenost u prevođenju poezije.Within an already complex field of literary translation, the issue of the (im)possibility of translating poetry has always been considered a special topic within a more general discussion on (un)translatability. While combining insights from areas of study such as philosophy of language, linguistics, and translation studies, the primary objective of this thesis was to deepen the understanding of (un)translatability by analyzing challenges that arise in literary translation, with a particular focus on translating poetry. Another objective was to show that the acceptance of difficulties that lie in translating poetry is the first step toward the search for translation strategies that will enable the translator to convey the author’s poetic language and style, as well as the form, meaning, and metaphors found in the source text. Finally, the topics of translator as/and author and invisibility of/in translation were analyzed with regard to simpatico, all the while using the debut collection of poems A Dry Place (Suho mjesto, 2021) by a young Croatian contemporary poet Vida Sever as a case study reflecting the complexity that lies in translating poetry
Volunteer work as a factor in the inclusion of children with Down syndrome
No full textDown sindrom predstavlja genski poremećaj, u kojem dolazi do trisomije na 21. kromosomu, odnosno kod 21. kromosomskog para dolazi do pojavljivanja jednog kromosoma viška, koji uzrokuje različite tjelesne i mentalne teškoće kod osobe. Osobe s Down sindromom imaju određeni stupanj mentalne retardacije te samim time i različite teškoće u učenju i koncentraciju. Od najranije dob je jako važno intervenirati i uključiti čitav niz stručnih suradnika i liječnika u razvoj djece s Down sindromom, kako bi se uspjeli uključiti u svakodnevni život njihove društvene zajednice. To zahtijeva jako puno vremena, strpljenja, ali i ljubavi. Unatoč svim poteškoćama, moguće je ostvariti enormne rezultate i poboljšati kvalitetu njihova života. Djeca i osobe s Down sindromom mogu sve što i ostali ljudi, samo što uče i zaključuju na jedan drugačiji, nama teže shvatljiv način. U svrhu njihovog uključivanja u redovite odgojneobrazovne ustanove provodi se proces inkluzije, koji označava njihovo uključivanje u redoviti program odgoja i obrazovanja gdje imaju jednake mogućnosti kao i ostala djeca, samo uz prilagodbu materijala i nastavnog plana i programa. U procesu inkluzije mogu sudjelovati svi, pa tako i volonterski angažmani predstavljaju jedan od vodećih izvannastavnih oblika provođenja procesa inkluzije osoba s Down sindromom. Glavni cilj ovog diplomskog rada bio je ispitati koji su stavovi volontera prema radu s osobama s Down sindromom, ali i njihovi stavovi prema Down sindromom općenito. U svrhu ovog istraživanja također su ispitana njihova shvaćanja volontiranja i Down sindroma, te na koji način su kroz različite oblike volonterskog angažmana u svom volonterskom centru/udruzi bili uključeni u proces inkluzije osoba s Down sindromom unutar svoje društvene zajednice.Down syndrome is a genetic disorder in which trisomy occurs on the 21st chromosome, that is, in the 21st chromosome pair, an extra chromosome appears, which causes various physical and mental difficulties in a person. People with Down syndrome have a certain degree of mental retardation and, therefore, different learning and concentration difficulties. From an early age, it is very important to intervene and involve a whole range of professional associates and doctors in the development of children with Down syndrome, so that they can successfully join the everyday life of their social community. This requires a lot of time, patience, but also love. Despite all the difficulties, it is possible to achieve enormous results and improve the quality of their lives. Children and people with Down syndrome can do everything that other people can, only that they learn and conclude in a different way, which is harder for us to understand. In order to include them in regular educational institutions, the process of inclusion is carried out, which means their inclusion in the regular education program where they have the same opportunities as other children, only with the adaptation of materials and the curriculum. Everyone can participate in the inclusion process, so volunteer engagements are one of the leading extracurricular forms of implementing the inclusion process of people with Down syndrome. The main goal of this thesis was to examine the attitudes of volunteers towards working with people with Down syndrome, as well as their attitudes towards Down syndrome in general. For the purpose of this research, their understanding of volunteering and Down syndrome was also examined, and in what way they were involved in the process of inclusion of people with Down syndrome within their social community through various forms of volunteer engagement in their volunteer centre/associatio
Tugboat fleet management strategy: Performance analysis and improvements
No full textOvaj diplomski rad bavi se upravljanjem flotom lučkih tegljača, s posebnim naglaskom na optimizaciju poslovanja poduzeća Brodospas d.d. U radu su analizirani ključni aspekti upravljanja flotom, uključujući strategiju poduzeća, organizacijsku strukturu, informacijske sustave i upravljanje poslovnim procesima. Cilj je bio prikazati organizacijsku strukturu, način upravljanja i raspolaganje resursima tegljačkih poduzeća, te kroz domaće tegljačko poduzeće „Brodospas“ približiti optimalni način upravljanja tegljačkom flotom i istražiti metode za smanjenje operativnih troškova, povećanje energetske učinkovitosti i osiguranje sigurnosti pomorskog prometa. U teorijskom dijelu rada obrađeni su strateški menadžment, važnost organizacijske strukture, te uloga informacijskih sustava u donošenju odluka. Također je prikazana model upravljanja flotom Brodospas d.d. temeljen na informacijskim sustavima, čime se osigurava podrška za donošenje menadžerskih odluka i unaprjeđenje performansi flote. Drugi dio teorijskog dijela posvećen je funkcijama i povijesnom razvoju lučkih tegljača te njihovoj ulozi u pomorskoj industriji. Nadalje, predstavljene su neke od klasičnih strategija koje mogu koristi tegljačka poduzeća kao što su: strategije za optimizaciju poslovanja, uključujući planiranje ruta, održavanje, smanjenje potrošnje goriva te potencijalne suradnje i partnerstva. Empirijski dio rada usmjeren je na analizu organizacijskih resursa poduzeća Brodospas d.d., s naglaskom na rad lučkih tegljača u luci Ploče. Kroz analizu potrošnje goriva i performansi, identificirane su metode za povećanje učinkovitosti i smanjenje troškova. Rezultati istraživanja ukazuju na važnost integracije informacijskih sustava i organizacijske strukture kako bi se kroz menadžment poduzeća analizirale performanse i uspostavile najbolje strategije za upravljanjem tegljačkom flotom. Time se osigurava veća učinkovitost, smanjuju troškovi i održava konkurentska prednost na tržištu. Rad doprinosi boljem razumijevanju specifičnih izazova u upravljanju flotom lučkih tegljača i pruža konkretne prijedloge za unapređenje poslovanja u ovom sektoru.This thesis focuses on the management of port tugboat fleets, with a particular emphasis on optimizing the operations of the company Brodospas d.d. The study analyzes key aspects of fleet management, including corporate strategy, organizational structure, information systems, and business process management. The goal was to present the organizational structure, the methods of managing and allocating resources in tugboat companies, and, using the domestic tugboat company "Brodospas" as an example, to illustrate optimal fleet management practices and explore methods for reducing operational costs, increasing energy efficiency, and ensuring maritime traffic safety. The theoretical part of the thesis addresses strategic management, the importance of organizational structure, and the role of information systems in decision-making. The fleet management model of Brodospas d.d. based on information systems is also presented, providing support for managerial decision-making and improving fleet performance. The second theoretical section is dedicated to the functions and historical development of port tugboats and their role in the maritime industry. Furthermore, it introduces some classic strategies that tugboat companies can employ, such as operational optimization strategies, including route planning, maintenance, fuel consumption reduction, and potential collaborations and partnerships. The empirical section of the thesis focuses on analyzing the organizational resources of Brodospas d.d., with an emphasis on the operation of port tugboats in the Port of Ploče. Through the analysis of fuel consumption and performance, methods for improving efficiency and reducing costs were identified. Additionally, a fleet management method based on information systems was presented, providing support for managerial decision-making and enhancing fleet performance. The research results highlight the importance of integrating information systems and organizational structure to analyze performance and establish the best strategies for managing tugboat fleets within company management. This ensures greater efficiency, cost reduction, and the maintenance of a competitive advantage in the market. The study contributes to a better understanding of the specific challenges of managing port tugboat fleets and offers concrete proposals for improving operations in this sector
Ethnography “for Every Day” – A Multimodal Approach to the European Migration Regime
No full textDoktorska disertacija zamišljena je kao etnografska refleksija o iregulariziranoj svakodnevici suvremenog europskog režima migracija obilježenog normalizacijom nasilja, kriminalizacijom ljudi u pokretu i promigrantske solidarnosti, kao i o uslojenom, volontersko-istraživačkom pozicioniranju istovremeno i unutar akademskog režima i režima migracija kroz angažirani pristup i aktivnu participaciju u društvenim procesima. U prvom dijelu, iz (kuhinjske) perspektive politika emocija reflektiram o mobilizacijskim impulsima medijskog sadržaja i svakodnevnom pro ili protumigrantskom pozicioniranju. Mobilizacijske impulse pratim do romskog naselja u susjedstvu, na zagrebačkoj Savici, a iskustvo suradnje sa stanovnicima getoiziranog naselja u okvirima izvaninstitucionalnog, umjetničkog projekta usmjerenog stvaranju novih društvenih spona između naselja i gradskih struktura dovodi me do humanitarnih formata koji su se, u procesu suradnje, nametnuli kao dio šireg društvenog angažmana. Pristupam im kao kompromisnim momentima kojima se perpetuiraju asimetrični odnosi moći, ali dugoročno, omogućava i „ulazak“ u svakodnevicu naselja što je preduvjet subverzivnijih, participativnih društvenih formata s potencijalom društvene mikro promjene. Drugi dio disertacije temelji se na terenskom istraživanju u pograničnom, Unsko-sanskom kantonu Bosne i Hercegovine, provedenom kroz pridruživanje radu članovima međunarodnog, promigrantskog volonterskog kolektiva. Tijekom 2020. godine, u periodu globalne pandemije COVID-19, kantonalne su protumigrantske politike (mimikrirane protupandemijskim mjerama) radikalizirale, baš kao i policijsko nasilje s hrvatske strane granice. Kriminalizacija ljudi u pokretu i solidarnih praksi utjecala je na formiranje humanitarnog podzemlja suprotstavljenog službenom dijelu kantonalnog humanitarnog režima. Svakodnevne distribucije humanitarne pomoći za ljude u pokretu koji su živjeli u skvotovima izvan službenih kampova, volonteri su bili primorani obavljali u tajnosti, noću. Režimu migracija pristupam autoetnografski, iz perspektive svakodnevnih interakcija između volontera/ki i ljudi u pokretu, a volontersko-istraživačke pozicije, identiteti i oblici suradnje iz romskog naselja, u pograničnom području se usložnjavaju. Etnografiji svakodnevice režima migracija pristupam kroz analizu autorskih, audiovizualnih radova nastalih u različitim kontekstima tijekom istraživačkog procesa. Prvi primjer je video reportaža nastala kroz virtualni susret (video call) sa štrajkašima glađu zaglavljenim na zgarištu kampa Lipa u prvim danima 2021. godine, a drugi primjer je dnevnička video forma nastala video bilježenjem večere s prijateljima u skvotu na periferiji Bihaća u zimi iste godine. Ta dva, međusobno dijametralno suprotna događaja (dramatičnost štrajka glađu u kampu nasuprot lakoći partya u skvotu) su lice i naličje iste svakodnevice režima iregulariziranih migracija na periferiji EU obilježene normalizacijom nasilja i rasizma, kriminalizacijom ljudi u pokretu i pro-migrantske solidarnosti, a obilježene suradnjom i pregovaranjem između heterogenih aktera. Video radovima pristupam kao zaokruženima formama neovisnim o tekstu, ali ujedno i kao materijalu koji prevođenjem u medij teksta postaje osnovom gustog opisa i naknadne teorijske interpretacije događaja u kojima sam spontano sudjelovao kao jedan od aktera. S analizom procesa proizvodnje reportaže o štrajku, otvaram pitanja vezana uz etiku reprezentacije ljudi u pokretu, kao i niz drugih teorijsko-metodoloških pitanja s kojima sam se susretao u procesu (neka od njih su: proces izgradnje povjerenja sa sugovornicima, dijeljena odgovornost, nepredvidljivi modusi participacije). Kontekst proizvodnje drugog videa je pokušaj etnografske reprezentacije koji se odmiče od medijski dominantnog audiovizualnog diskursa i tipskih reprezentacija ljudi u pokretu.The doctoral dissertation is conceptualized as an essayistic, ethnographic reflection on the irregularised everyday life of the contemporary European migration regime characterized by the normalization of violence, the criminalization of people on the move and pro-migrant solidarity, as well as the reflection on the layered, volunteer-research positioning, both within the academic regime and the migration regime through an engaged approach and active participation in social processes. In the first part, I reflect on the mobilization impulses of media content from the (kitchen) perspective of the politics of emotions, and about everyday pro or anti-migrant positioning. The mobilization impulses are followed to the Roma settlement in the neighborhood, on Zagreb's Savica. Experience of cooperation with the inhabitants of the ghettoized settlement within the framework of non-institutional, artistic project aimed at creation of new social bonds between the settlement and city structures leads me to humanitarian formats that, in the process of cooperation, imposed themselves as part of wider social engagement. Humanitarian formats I perceive as compromising because they perpetuate asymmetric power relations, but in the long term, also enable "entry" into the everyday life of the settlement, which is a prerequisite for more subversive, participatory social formats with the potential for social micro change. The second part of the dissertation is based on field research in Una-Sana canton of Bosnia and Herzegovina, conducted by active participation in the work of the international, pro-migrant volunteer collective. During 2020, in the period of the global COVID-19 pandemic, cantonal anti-migrant policies (mimicking anti-pandemic measures) became radicalized. In the same time, on the Croatian side of the border, police violence was increasing. The criminalization of people on the move and solidarity practices influenced the formation of a humanitarian underground opposed to the official part of the cantonal humanitarian regime. Volunteers were forced to carry out the daily distribution of humanitarian aid to people on the move who lived in squats outside the official camps, in clandestine actions during the night. The migration regime I approach autoethnographically, from the perspective of daily interactions between volunteers and people on the move. Volunteer-research positions, identities and forms of cooperation familiar from the Roma settlement, are getting more complicated in the border area. The ethnography of the everyday life of the migration regime I approach through the analysis of the audiovisual works I have produced in different contexts during the research process. The first example is a video report created through a virtual meeting (video call) with hunger strikers stuck at the site of burned Lipa camp in the first days of 2021. My second example is a video diary form created by spontaneous video recordings of a dinner with friends in a squat on the outskirts of Bihać in the winter of the same year. Those two diametrically opposed events (the drama of the hunger strike in the camp versus the lightness of the party in the squat) are two faces of the same everyday level of the regime of irregular migration on the periphery of the EU marked by the normalization of violence and racism, the criminalization of people on the move and pro migrant solidarity, and produced by cooperation and negotiation between heterogeneous actors. I have approached videos as media forms independent of the text, but at the same time as material which, when translated into the text medium, becomes the basis of a tick description and subsequent theoretical interpretation of the events in which I spontaneously participated as one of the actors. With the analysis of the process of its production, but also of the reportage as a finished product, I open questions related to the ethics of the representation of people in the move, as well as a number of other theoretical and methodological questions that I encountered in the process (some of them are: the process of building trust with interlocutors, shared responsibility, unpredictable modes of participation). The context of the production of the second video work is a diary recording of an event that is diametrically opposed to the situation in the first video (the drama of the hunger strike versus the lightness of the party with friends), and the video itself is an attempt at ethnographic representation that deviates from the dominant audiovisual discourse about migrations and typical media representations of people on the move
The role of management skills in hotel industry
No full textU svijetu brzih tehnoloških, političkih i tržišnih promjena, menadžment postaje sve značajniji koncept za uspješno vođenje organizacija. Ovaj rad se usredotočuje na analizu uloge menadžerskih vještina unutar hotelske industrije, koja doživljava stalne promjene i izazove u visoko konkurentnom okruženju. Cilj istraživanja bio je utvrditi značaj menadžerskih vještina za postizanje konkurentske prednosti, kao i identificirati specifične vještine koje menadžeri u hotelskoj industriji trebaju razviti kako bi unaprijedili poslovanje i osigurali zadovoljstvo gostiju. Primijenjena metodologija uključivala je kvalitativno istraživanje putem polustrukturiranih intervjua s menadžerima u hotelskoj industriji u Hrvatskoj. Istraživanje je pokazalo da menadžerske vještine, uključujući strateško planiranje, financijsko upravljanje, vođenje timova, komunikaciju i upravljanje ljudskim resursima, igraju ključnu ulogu u upravljanju hotelima. Rezultati istraživanja ukazuju na potrebu za kontinuiranim razvojem menadžerskih vještina kako bi se odgovorilo na dinamične izazove u industriji. Posebno se ističe važnost strateškog planiranja, inovativnosti, prilagodljivosti trendovima i tehnološkom napretku, kao i razvoj međuljudskih vještina za izgradnju snažnih timova i postizanje visoke razine zadovoljstva gostiju. Na temelju analize, predložene su strategije za poboljšanje menadžerskih vještina u hotelskoj industriji. To uključuje stvaranje programa obuke i razvoja za menadžere, poticanje kulture kontinuiranog učenja i inovacija, kao i usvajanje fleksibilnih pristupa u upravljanju promjenama i suočavanju s izazovima tržišta. Zaključno, rad naglašava kako razvoj i primjena efikasnih menadžerskih vještina imaju ključnu ulogu u osiguravanju konkurentske prednosti hotela. Ulaganje u menadžerske vještine ne samo da unapređuje operativnu učinkovitost i zadovoljstvo gostiju već i doprinosi dugoročnom uspjehu i održivosti poslovanja u hotelskoj industrijiIn a world of rapid technological, political, and market changes, management is becoming an increasingly significant concept for the successful leadership of organizations. This paper focuses on analyzing the role of managerial skills within the hotel industry, which experiences constant changes and challenges in a highly competitive environment. The research aim was to determine the significance of managerial skills in achieving a competitive advantage, as well as to identify specific skills that managers in the hotel industry need to develop in order to improve business operations and ensure guest satisfaction. The applied methodology included qualitative research through semistructured interviews with managers in the hotel industry in Croatia. The research showed that managerial skills, including strategic planning, financial management, team leadership, communication, and human resource management, play a key role in managing hotels. The research findings indicate the need for continuous development of managerial skills to respond to dynamic challenges in the industry. Particularly, the importance of strategic planning, innovation, adaptability to trends and technological progress, as well as the development of interpersonal skills for building strong teams and achieving high levels of guest satisfaction are highlighted. Based on the analysis, strategies for improving managerial skills in the hotel industry are proposed. These include creating training and development programs for managers, fostering a culture of continuous learning and innovation, and adopting flexible approaches to change management and facing market challenges.
In conclusion, the paper emphasizes that the development and application of effective managerial skills play a crucial role in ensuring the competitive advantage of hotels. Investing in managerial skills not only enhances operational efficiency and guest satisfaction but also contributes to the long-term success and sustainability of business in the hotel industry
U malu je uša đava: translating culturemes into the Russian language
No full textOvaj diplomski rad istražuje disciplinu prevođenja pružajući sažet pregled njezina razvoja, od početaka do priznavanja kao discipline i razmatra brojne definicije koje je prate. Prevođenje nije samo prijenos riječi, već uključuje i prenošenje kulture. Kultura obuhvaća različite aspekte svakodnevnog života te stoga ima utjecaj na narod i jezik koji koriste. Rad istražuje povezanost između kulture i jezika i načine prenošenja kulture putem jezika. Također se bavi pitanjem prijenosa kulturnih značajki kroz jezik, odnosno kroz proces prevođenja. Za ilustraciju takvog procesa korištena je knjiga U malu je uša đava autorice Tisje Kljaković Braić. Nadalje, na temelju knjige, rad nudi neke od strategija i tehnika koje se mogu primijeniti za stvaranje adekvatnog prijevoda i prenošenja kulturnih značajki.This thesis explores the discipline of translation by providing a concise overview of its development, from its beginnings to its recognition as a discipline, and considers its many accompanying definitions. Translation is not only the transmission of words, but also involves the transmission of culture. Culture encompasses various aspects of everyday life and therefore has an impact on people and the language they use. The thesis explores the connection between culture and language and ways of transmitting culture through language. It also deals with the issue of the transfer of cultural features through language, that is, through the process of translation. The book U malu je uša đava by the author Tisja Kljaković Braić was used to illustrate such a process. Furthermore, based on the book the paper offers some of the strategies and techniques that can be applied to create adequate translation and transfer of cultural features
The Relationship between Teachers and Students in Regular and Montessori Schools
No full textKroz ovaj rad predstavlja se uloga i položaj nastavnika i učenika u Montessori školi usporedno s ulogom i položajem nastavnika i učenika u redovnoj školi s primarnim fokusom na njihovom međusobnom odnosu. Nastavnik i učenik predstavljaju ključne aktere unutar institucije škole, a za vrijeme odvijanja nastavnoga procesa su u kontinuiranoj interakciji, te se odnosu koji se ostvaruje između njih treba posvetiti posebna pažnja. Montessori škola, kao jedna od najpoznatijih alternativnih koncepcija odgoja i obrazovanja počiva na drugačijem pristpu djetetu, kao i cjelokupnoj organizaciji odgojno-obrazovnoga rada unutar institucije škole. Upravo će se kroz ovaj rad fokus staviti na razlike u odnosu koji se ostvaruje između nastavnika i učenika u redovnoj školi i Montessori školi, a predstaviti će se temeljem nekih od najrelevantnijih zadataka nastavnika kako u redovnoj školi, tako i u Montessori školi. Kada je riječ o Montessori školi, odnos između nastavnika i učenika predstavit će se s obzirom na zadatke nastavnika, a to su aktivnost/pasivnost nastavnika, vođenje od strane nastavnika, usmjeravanje učenika prema samostalnoj aktivnosti pri proučavanju materijala i ispravljanje učenika od strane nastavnika, odnosno korektura koja je prisutna u samom didaktičkom materijalu, ljubav kao relevantan element u odnosu između nastavnika i učenika, osiguranje samostalnosti u radu učenika, nadzor i kontrola napretka učenika, te promatranje i čekanje od strane nastavnika. S druge strane, odnos između nastavnika i učenika u redovnoj školi prikazat će se kroz nekoliko zadataka nastavnika u odgojno-obrazovnome procesu, a to su planiranje i vođenje nastavnoga procesa, pripremanje okoline za rad, dominantan način poučavanja i poticanje samostalne aktivnosti učenika, upravljanje disciplinom u razredu, praćenje, vođenje i vrednovanje učenika, te kažnjavanje i pohvala učenika.This paper presents the role and position of teachers and students in a Montessori school in comparison with the role and position of teachers and students in a regular school with a primary focus on their mutual relationship. The teacher and the student represent key actors within the institution of the school, and during the course of the teaching process they are in continuous interaction, so the relationship between them should be given special attention. Montessori school, as one of the most famous alternative conceptions of upbringing and education, is based on a different approach to the child, as well as the overall organization of educational work within the institution of the school. This paper will focus on the differences in the relationship between teachers and students in a regular school and a Montessori school, and will be presented based on some of the most relevant tasks of a teacher in both a regular school and a Montessori school. When it comes to the Montessori school, the relationship between the teacher and the student will be presented with regard to the teacher's tasks, which are the activity/passivity of the teacher, guidance by the teacher, directing the student towards independent activity when studying the material and correcting the student by the teacher, i.e. proofreading that is present in the didactic material itself, love as a relevant element in the relationship between teacher and student, ensuring independence in student work, supervision and control of student progress, and observation and waiting by the teacher. On the other hand, the relationship between teachers and students in a regular school will be shown through several tasks of teachers in the educational process, namely planning and leading the teaching process, preparing the environment for work, dominant teaching method and encouraging independent activity of students, managing discipline in class, monitoring, guiding and evaluating students, and punishing and praising students
The impact of digital technology on the development of preschool children – parents perspective
No full textSvaka nova generacija djece raste i odgaja se u digitalno sve bogatijem okruženju i budući da djeca sve više koriste digitalnu tehnologiju, ona ima značajnu ulogu u odgoju, obrazovanju i razvoju djece. Tradicionalni digitalni uređaji poput televizije zamijenjeni su novim uređajima koji omogućuju brz i jednostavan pristup raznolikom sadržaju, zabavi te socijalnim interakcijama. Zbog toga, roditelji trebaju pratiti aktivnosti svoje djece koje provode na digitalnim uređajima, no kako bi to uspješno činili, trebaju biti medijski pismeni. Na taj način, roditelji mogu odabrati prikladan sadržaj u skladu s razvojem njihovog djeteta. Postavlja se pitanje kako to digitalna tehnologija može utjecati na djetetov razvoj i njegovu percepciju svijeta u današnje vrijeme. Mnoga istraživanja bave se ovom problematikom, pri čemu su primijećena značajna povećanja dostupnosti i izloženosti djece digitalnoj tehnologiji. S nekontroliranim pristupom, to može dovesti do ozbiljnih problema u razvoju djece i stvaranja ovisnosti. Ovaj rad proučava problematiku ovisnosti djece o digitalnoj tehnologiji i njezine negativne i pozitivne utjecaje na cjelokupni razvoj djece predškolske i rane dobi. U svrhu diplomskog rada provedeno je istraživanje među roditeljima u dječjem vrtiću Pčelica u Šibeniku, a sudjelovala su 53 roditelja čija je prosječna dob 35 godina. U istraživanju su većinom sudjelovale žene, odnosno majke čija djeca pohađaju dječji vrtić Pčelica. Cilj istraživanja bio je analizirati perspektive sudionika o utjecaju digitalne tehnologije na razvoj djece, procijeniti koliko vremena djeca provode koristeći digitalne uređaje u slobodno vrijeme i utvrditi u kojoj mjeri to vrijeme prati preporuke stručnjaka. Također, istraživanje je istražilo kako tehnologija utječe na ponašanje djece, promatrano iz roditeljske perspektive.Every new generation of children grows in a digitally richer and richer environment. As children increasingly use digital technology, it plays a significant role in their upbringing, education, and development. Traditional digital devices, like television, have been replaced by new devices that enable quick and easy access to diverse content, entertainment and social interactions. Therefore, parents need to monitor their children's activities on digital devices, and to do this successfully, they need to be media literate. This way, parents can choose appropriate content aligned with their child's development. We can say that a modern parenting challenge is that children perceive each other more through screens than through direct eye-toeye contact. The question arises about how this may impact a child's development and perception of the world nowadays. Numerous studies address this issue, as significant increases in the availability and exposure of digital technology to children is being observed. Uncontrolled access can lead to serious development issues and dependencies. This paper will examine the issue of children's dependence on digital technology and it's both negative and positive impacts on the overall development of preschool and early childhood. A research study was conducted among parents at the Pčelica kindergarten in Šibenik, with the participation of 53 parents, whose average age was 35 years. The study mostly involved women, mothers whose children attend the Pčelica kindergarten. The research aimed to analyze participants' perspectives on the impact of digital technology on child development, estimate the amount of time children spend using digital devices in their free time, and compare it with expert recommendations. Additionally, the research explored how parents see effects of technology on their children's behavior
Nutritional characteristics of oysters (Ostrea edulis) after application of individual quick freezing (IQF) at different storage periods and temperatures
No full textEuropska kamenica (Ostrea edulis) jedna je od najznačajnijih komercijalnih vrsta školjkaša na Jadranu. Uzgoj školjkaša predstavlja najraniji oblik marikulture, a gotovo tisućljeće naša se zemlja oslanjala na tradicionalne metode uzgoja kamenica. Jedan od razloga uzgoja je vrlo visoka nutritivna vrijednost ove vrste školjkaša te povoljan omjer masnih kiselina i nutrijenata ključnih za čovjekovo zdravlje. Kako bi se provela procjena kemijskog sastava te sastava masnih kiselina uzorkovani su školjkaši sa područja Malostonskog zaljeva te sa ušća rijeke Krke, zamrznuti na temperaturi -80 °C te skladišteni na -18 °C i -60 °C, nakon čega su provedene analize tijekom 3 mjeseca. Cilj je bio utvrditi kemijske promjene nastale uslijed konzerviranja zamrzavanjem kako bi se dobiveni podaci iskoristili za unaprjeđenje proizvodnje i plasmana kamenica te naposljetku zdravstvenu ispravnost kamenica za tržište nakon različitih perioda i temperatura skladištenja. Dobiveni rezultati su pokazali da ne postoje značajne razlike u povećanju ukupnog hlapivog baznog dušika (TVB-N) s obzirom na različite temperature zamrzavanja (-18 °C i -60 °C), a proizlazi da je pH vrijednost kamenica lagano porasla tijekom skladištenja, s tim da je malo veći porast bio nakon prvih mjesec dana čuvanja s obzirom da su pH vrijednosti porasle u rasponu od 0,2 do 0,4. Rezultati TBA testa određivanja stupnja oksidacije masti su pokazali da je vrijednost rasla pri obje temperature skladištenja, s tim da je ukupni porast bio manji tijekom skladištenja kod temperature od -60 °C. Analizom masnih kiselina u svim uzorcima primjenom plinske kromatografije s plameno-ionizacijskim detektorom (GC FID) identificirano je 14 različitih masnih kiselina, od kojih je 6 zasićenih, 6 polinezasićenih i 2 mononezasićene masne kiseline. I kod kamenica iz Malostonskog zaljeva i kod kamenica s ušća rijeke Krke, u travnju kao i u svibnju i srpnju nakon skladištenja pri temperaturama od -18 °C i -60 °C, najzastupljenije su polinezasićene masne kiseline (PUFA), potom zasićene masne kiseline (SFA) i sa najmanjim udjelom mononezasićene masne kiseline (MUFA). Palmitinska (C16:0) i stearinska (C18:0) su najzastupljenije zasićene masne kiseline, od polinezasićenih su najzastupljenije dokosaheksaenoična kiselina (C22:6n3, DHA) i eikosapentaenoična kiselina (C20:5n3, EPA), a od mononezasićenih, oleinska kiselina (C18:1 cis). Udjeli zasićenih masnih kiselina su kod obje vrste kamenica u većini slučajeva tijekom skladištenja neznatno rasli ili imali vrijednosti približne onim početnima pri obje temperature skladištenja. Kod obje vrste kamenica i pri obje temperature skladištenja (-18 °C i -60 °C) udjeli polinezasićene linolne masne kiseline (C18:2 cis) su se smanjivali, dok su udjeli linolenske (C18:3n3) i dokozadienske kiseline (C22:2) tijekom skladištenja rasli. Do najveće promjene u udjelima polinezasićenih masnih kiselina došlo je smanjivanjem udjela linolne kiseline u stonskim kamenicama pri obje temperature, a najveće smanjenje dogodilo se tijekom prvog mjeseca skladištenja. Kod mononezasićenih masnih kiselina rasli su udjeli palmitoleinske kiseline (C16:1) a smanjivali se udjeli oleinske kiseline i kod stonskih i kod kamenica iz Krke pri obje temperature skladištenja. Udio vode u kamenicama sa ušća rijeke Krke se smanjio za manje od 2 %, dok je smanjenje udjela vode kod stonskih kamenica bilo manje od 1 %. Povećanja udjela proteina, masti i pepela su također bila minimalna, odnosno udio proteina je porastao za manje od 2 %, udio masti za manje od 1 % i udio pepela za manje od 0,3 % kod kamenica s obje lokacije, pri obje temperature skladištenja (-18 °C i -60 °C)The European flat oyster (Ostrea edulis) is one of the most significant commercial shellfish species in the Adriatic Sea. Shellfish farming represents the earliest form of mariculture, and for almost a millennium, our country has relied on traditional methods of cultivating flat oysters. One of the reasons for farming is the very high nutritional value of this shellfish species, as well as the favorable ratio of fatty acids and nutrients crucial for human health. In order to carry out an assessment of the chemical composition and fatty acid composition, shellfish samples from the Malostonski Bay area and the mouth of the Krka River were sampled, frozen at -80 °C, and stored at -18 °C and -60 °C, after which analyses were conducted over a period of 3 months. The aim was to determine the chemical changes resulting from preservation by freezing, in order to use the obtained data to improve the production and placement of flat oysters and ultimately the health safety of flat oysters for the market after different periods and temperatures of storage. The results showed that there were no significant differences in the increase of total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N) concerning the different freezing temperatures (-18 °C and - 60 °C), and it appears that the pH value of the oysters slightly increased during storage, with a slightly greater increase occurring after the first month of storage as pH values increased by 0,2 to 0,4. The results of the TBA test for determining the degree of fat oxidation showed that the value increased at both storage temperatures, with the overall increase being smaller during storage at -60 °C. Analysis of fatty acids in all samples using gas chromatography with flameionization detector (GC FID) identified 14 different fatty acids, including 6 saturated, 6 polyunsaturated, and 2 monounsaturated fatty acids. In both the flat oysters from Malostonski Bay and the flat oysters from the mouth of the Krka River, in April as well as in May and July, after storage at temperatures of -18 °C and -60 °C, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) were the most abundant, followed by saturated fatty acids (SFA) and with the lowest proportion being monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA). Palmitic acid (C16:0) and stearic acid (C18:0) were the most abundant saturated fatty acids, while the most abundant polyunsaturated fatty acids were docosahexaenoic acid (C22:6n3, DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (C20:5n3, EPA), and from monounsaturated, oleic acid (C18:1 cis). The proportions of saturated fatty acids in both types of flat oysters mostly slightly increased during storage or had values close to the initial ones at both storage temperatures. In both types of flat oysters and at both storage temperatures (-18 °C and -60 °C), the proportions of polyunsaturated linoleic acid (C18:2 cis) decreased, while the proportions of linolenic (C18:3n3) and docosadienoic acid (C22:2) increased during storage. The greatest change in the proportions of polyunsaturated fatty acids occurred with the decrease in the proportion of linoleic acid in flat oysters at both temperatures, with the greatest decrease occurring during the first month of storage. The proportions of palmitoleic acid (C16:1) increased for monounsaturated fatty acids, while the proportions of oleic acid decreased in both flat oysters and oysters from the Krka River mouth at both storage temperatures. The water content in flat oysters from the Krka River mouth decreased by less than 2 %, while the decrease in water content in flat oysters was less than 1 %. Increases in protein, fat, and ash content were also minimal, with protein content increasing by less than 2 %, fat content by less than 1 %, and ash content by less than 0,3 % in flat oysters from both locations at both storage temperatures (-18 °C and -60 °C)
Stress of triage nurses in emergency department in general hospital Zadar
No full textU zadnjih nekoliko godina zbog prenapučenosti hitnih bolničkih prijama razvijaju se različiti standardizirani sustavi trijaže koji medicinskim sestrama olakšavaju određivanje prioriteta pacijenata. Donošenje trijažne odluke vrlo je dinamičan i stresan proces stoga ga provodi iskusna medicinska sestra s višegodišnjim kliničkim znanjem i iskustvom u hitnoj medicini. Najčešći uzroci stresa u medicinskih sestara su nesrazmjer između uloženog i dobivenog, loša slika sestrinske profesije u društvu te organizacijski problemi. Cilj ovog istraživanja je ispitati razinu kompetencija, percipiranog stresa i otpornosti na stres u medicinskih sestara i tehničara koje provodi trijažu u Objedinjenom hitnom bolničkom prijamu Opće bolnice Zadar. Korišten je anketni upitnik sastavljen od nekoliko validiranih upitnika. Upitnikom su se ispitivale kompetencije trijažne medicinske sestre, percipirani stres i otpornost na stresne reakcije. Statistička analiza podataka uključivala je deskriptivnu statistiku i komparativnu analizu te korelaciju podataka. Ispitivani zaposlenici pokazuju visoku razinu kompetentnosti u provođenju trijaže, ali nije utvrđena razlika s obzirom na socidemografske karakteristike. Sudjelovanje u obrazovnim programima usmjerenim na stjecanje trijažnih vještina pozitivno utječe na kliničko odlučivanje, brzinu donošenja odluka i sveukupne trijažne kompetencije. Otpornost na stresne reakcije bila je niska i nije se razlikovala prema ni jednoj socidemografskoj karakteristici ispitanika, ali je bila povezana s percipiranim stresom. Dulje iskustvo u trijažiranju pozitivno se odražava na donošenje odluka tijekom trijaže i nižu percepciju stresa. Istraživanje potvrđuje značajnu ulogu edukacijskog programa u stjecanju trijažnih kompetencija. Potrebna je reorganizacija edukacije o trijaži tijekom fakultetskog obrazovanja te također brži i jednostavniji pristup edukacijskim materijalima tečaja trijaže. Kako bi se suprotstavilo percepciji posla kao stresnog, potrebno je kontinuirano stručno obrazovanje s ciljem razvijanja sposobnosti primjene stila suočavanja sa stresom usmjerenog na zadatak i izgradnje samoučinkovitosti.In the last few years, due to the overcrowding of emergency hospital admissions, various standardized triage systems have been developed that make it easier for nurses to prioritize patients. Making a triage decision is a very dynamic and stressful process, therefore, generally, it is carried out by an experienced nurse with many years of clinical knowledge and experience in emergency nursing. The most common causes of stress in nurses are the disparity between what is invested and what is received, the bad image of the nursing profession in society, and organizational problems. The aim of this research is to show the level of triage competency, perceived stress and stress resilience in nurses who perform triage in the Emergency Department of General Hospital in Zadar. A survey questionnaire composed of several validated questionnaires was used. The questionnaire examined the triage competency, perceived stress and resistance to stress reactions. Statistical data analysis included descriptive statistics and comparative analysis and data correlation. The interviewed employees show a high level of competence in conducting triage, but no difference was found with regard to sociodemographic characteristics. Participation in training programs to acquire triage skills has a positive impact on clinical decision making, speed of decision-making, and overall triage competence. Resilience to stress did not differ according to any of the sociodemographic characteristics of the subjects, but was related to perceived stress. Longer experience in triage has a positive effect on decision-making during triage and a lower perception of stress. The research confirms the significant role of the educational program in the acquisition of triage competencies. Reorganization of triage education during college education is needed, as well as faster and easier access to triage course educational materials. In order to counteract the perception of work as stressful, continuous professional education is needed with the aim of developing the ability to apply a task-oriented style of coping with stress and building selfefficacy