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Experience Economy in the Restaurant Industry
No full textU radu se istražuje koncept ekonomije doživljaja u restoranskoj industriji, posebno naglašavajući promjenu fokusa s jednostavnog odabira jela na cjelokupno gastronomsko iskustvo. Značaj istraživanja ekonomije doživljaja u restoraterstvu proizlazi iz široko rasprostranjenog rasta i sve većeg značaja ekonomije iskustva u cijelom svijetu, dok se njezine temeljne komponente još uvijek trebaju u potpunosti razviti unutar ugostiteljskog sektora u Hrvatskoj. Cilj je poboljšati razumijevanje utjecaja ekonomije doživljaja na promjenu preferencija kupaca kao i transformaciju restorana od konvencionalnog fokusa na hranu do stvaranja izvanrednog i sveobuhvatnog pozitivnog i pamtljivog doživljaja. Ulaganja u iznimna i pamtljiva iskustava i doživljaje dovode do povećanja lojalnosti gostiju, naglašavajući trajnu konkurentsku prednost restorana na tržištu. Ulaganjem u ekonomiju doživljaja, restorani se mogu uspješno istaknuti na tržištu, privući nove posjetitelje i njegovati čvrstu i povoljnu reputaciju, pretvarajući se u objekte koji nude nezaboravna i personalizirana iskustva i doživljaje.The paper explores the concept of the experience economy in the restaurant industry, particularly emphasizing the shift in focus from a simple choice of dishes to the entire gastronomic experience. The significance of experience economy research in the restaurant industry stems from the widespread growth and increasing importance of the experience economy throughout the world, while its fundamental components still need to be fully developed within the hospitality sector in Croatia. The goal is to improve understanding of the impact of the experience economy on changing customer preferences as well as the transformation of restaurants from a conventional focus on food to creating an extraordinary and comprehensive positive and memorable experience. Investments in exceptional and memorable experiences lead to increased guest loyalty, underscoring a restaurant's lasting competitive advantage in the marketplace. By investing in the experience economy, restaurants can successfully stand out in the market, attract new visitors and cultivate a solid and favorable reputation, transforming themselves into establishments that offer unforgettable and personalized experiences
A look into the spiritual-mystical poetry of Sister Mary of the Sacred Heart – Anka Petričević
No full textU središtu je rada analiza duhovno-mistične poezije sestre Marije od Presvetoga Srca – Anke Petričević. Rad donosi dijakronijski pregled njezina stvaralaštva, reprezentativne motive teme, utjecaje i specifičnosti stila. Okosnicu rada čini analiza dominatnih motiva s naglaskom na motivima Krista kroz motive ljubavi patnje. Sestra Marija od Presvetog Srca-Anke Petričević zauzima istaknuto mjesto u hrvatskoj religioznoj lirici 20. stoljeća kao izuzetna pjesnikinja čija djela odražavaju duboku duhovnost. Njezina poezija često se temelji na osobnim duhovnim iskustvima i meditacijama, a pjesme se ističu emotivnom snagom i dubokom introspekcijom, reflektirajući intiman odnos s Božjom prisutnošću i vlastitim duhovnim putem. Njezina poezija često istražuje teme poput ljubavi prema Bogu, čežnje za duhovnom čistoćom, no njezine tematske preokupacije nisu izričito duhovne, već će u nekolicini pjesama obraditi domoljubne i motive prirode.Center of the work is the analysis of the spiritual-mystical poetry of Sister Mary of the Sacred Heart - Anka Petričević. The work provides a diachronic overview of her work, representative motifs of the theme, influences and specifics of style. The framework is the analysis of dominant motives with an emphasis on the motives of Christ through the motives of love and suffering. Sister Mary of the Sacred Heart-Anka Petričević occupies a prominent place in Croatian religious poetry of the 20th century as an exceptional poet whose works reflect deep spirituality. Her poetry is often based on personal spiritual experiences and meditations, and her poems stand out for their emotional power and deep introspection, reflecting an intimate relationship with God's presence and her own spiritual path. Her poetry often explores themes such as love for God, longing for spiritual purity, but her thematic preoccupations are not specifically spiritual, yet in a few poems she will cover patriotic and nature motifs
Culture-specific elements in the literary translation on the example of the novel "Die schärfsten Gerichte der tatarischen Küche" by Alina Bronsky
No full textDiese Diplomarbeit befasst sich mit den Übersetzungen von kulturspezifischen Elementen in der kroatischen Übersetzung des Romans Die schärfsten Gerichte der tatarischen Küche von Alina Bronsky. Die Arbeit besteht aus einem theoretischem und einem praktischen Teil. Am Anfang des theoretischen Teils wird definiert, was Kultur und was kulturspezifische Begriffe sind. Danach wird das Phänomen der Übersetzung, die Übersetzungswissenschaft, das literarische Übersetzen sowie auch die Skopostheorie erklärt. Zuletzt werden im theoretischen Teil die Übersetzungsverfahren für das Übersetzen von kulturspezifischen Begriffen dargestellt. Der praktische Teil dieser Arbeit befasst sich mit der Analyse der Übersetzungen von kulturspezifischen Begriffen innerhalb der kroatischen Übersetzung von Bronskys Roman Namens „Najljuća jela tatarske kuhinje“. Anhand des theoretischen Teils soll die Analyse zeigen, welches Übersetzungsverfahren am meisten für das Übersetzen von kulturspezifischen Begriffen genutzt wurde und warum, und welche Vorteile und Nachteile bei jedem von den Übersetzungsverfahren bestehen. Es werden auch die Adäquatheit der kroatischen Übersetzungslösungen bewertet und Problemfälle in einigen Übersetzungen von kulturspezifischen Begriffen hervorgehoben.Ovaj se diplomski rad bavi analizom prijevoda kulturno specifičnih elemenata u hrvatskom prijevodu romana Aline Bronsky „Die schärfsten Gerichte der tatarischen Küche“. Rad se sastoji od teoretskog i praktičnog dijela. Na početku teoretskog dijela definirana je kultura i što su kulturno specifični pojmovi. Nakon toga je obrađen fenomen prevođenja, teorija prevođenja, književno prevođenje i teorija skoposa. Na kraju teoretskog dijela izloženi su prijevodni postupci za prevođenje kulturno specifičnih pojmova. Praktični dio bavi se analizom prijevoda kulturno specifičnih pojmova unutar hrvatskog prijevoda romana Aline Bronsky „Najljuća jela tatarske kuhinje“. Analiza na temelju teoretskog dijela pokazuje koji je prijevodni postupak najčešće korišten za prijevod kulturno specifičnih pojmova i zašto, te koje su prednosti i nedostatci svakog prijevodnog postupka. Također se procjenjuje adekvatnost hrvatskih prijevodnih rješenja i naglašavaju sporni slučajevi kod nekih prijevoda kulturno specifičnih pojmova.This diploma thesis deals with the analysis of the translations of culture-specific elements in the Croatian translation of Alina Bronsky novel “Die schärfsten Gerichte der tatarischen Küche”. The thesis consists of a theoretical and a practical part. At the beginning of the theoretical part, it is defined, what culture is and what culture-specific concepts are. Then the phenomenon of translation, translation science, literary translation, and the Skopos theory are explained. Finally, in the theoretical part, the translation methods for the translation of culturalspecific terms are covered. The practical part of this thesis deals with the analysis of the translations of cultural-specific terms within the Croatian translation of Bronsky's novel “Najljuća jela tatarske kuhinje”. Using the theoretical part, the analysis aims to show which translation method has been used most for the translation of cultural terms and why, and what are the advantages and disadvantages of each of the translation methods. It also assesses the adequacy of the Croatian translation solutions and highlights problematic cases in some translations of culture-specific terms
Pannonian slipped ware from the Sv. Kirin-Sisak site
No full textPanonska keramika s premazom stil je rimske keramike proizvođen na području provincije Panonije i Norika u razdoblju od kraja 1. do 4. stoljeća. Stil je nastao stapanjem utjecaja rimske terre sigillate i lokalnog utjecaja domorodačkog stanovništva uklopljenog u rimsku državu. Rimska panonska keramika visoke je kvalitete s premazima različitih boja te ukrasima s geometrijskim i floralnim motivima. Pretpostavlja se da je postojala proizvodnja na prostoru Hrvatske odnosno na području rimskih gradova Murse, Cibale i Siscije uz manje lokalne radionice. Katalog rada sadrži ulomke s lokaliteta Sisak, Sveti Kvirin, iz istraživanja 2013. godine rađenog na stratigrafskom sloju SJ 843 uz sjeverna gradska vrata Siscije tijekom kojeg je također pronađena velika količina olovnih pločica u funkciji etiketa s cijenom i s osnovnim informacijama o proizvodima uz koje su stajale.Pannonian slipped ware is a style of Roman pottery produced in the area of the province of Pannonia and Norik in the period from the end of the 1st to the 4th century. The style was created by the fusion of the influence of the Roman terra sigillata and the local influence of the indigenous population incorporated into the Roman state. Roman pannonian ceramics are of high quality with coatings of different colors and decorations of geometric and floral motifs. Presumed production in Croatia in the area of the Roman cities of Mursa, Cibalae and Siscia with other smaller local workshops. The catalog of the work contains sherds from the site of Sisak, Sveti Kvirin from the 2013 research from the stratigraphic layer SJ 843 next to the northern city gate of Siscia, in which a large amount of lead tiles was also found in the function of price tags and basic information for the products they stood next to
Management of educational institutions: leadership styles in early childhood and preschool education in Croatia, Finland, and Japan
No full textU radu je cjelovito prikazan proces vođenja predškolske ustanove, s naglaskom na složenost procesa iz perspektive ravnatelja. Vođenje odgojno-obrazovne ustanove u suvremenom globalnom društvu vrlo je zahtjevan radni zadatak za ravnatelja. U radu su navedene razlike između upravljanja, rukovođenja i vođenja, kao i različite definicije vođenja. Određena poglavlja posvećena su motivaciji djelatnika, jednoj od najvažnijih zadaća svakog ravnatelja. Bez motiviranih zaposlenika nema kvalitetnog odgojnoobrazovnog procesa. Vođenje je usmjereno na razumijevanje i razvoj ljudi, poticanje redizajniranja ustanove, poticanje zaposlenika na učenje, osmišljavanje vizije i razvoja ustanove u skladu s vizijom. Za kvalitetno vođenje potrebno je koristiti motivacijske strategije koje će potaknuti razvoj vještina i znanja zaposlenika. Tipovi vođenja i motivacijske strategije mogu se različito kombinirati u cilju ostvarenja kvalitete rada. Korištenjem različitih stilova vođenja primjenjuju se novi pristupi u stjecanju kompetencija zaposlenika u cilju kvalitetnog razvoja ustanove. Rezultati znanstvenih istraživanja provedenih na temu vođenja odgojnoobrazovnih ustanova u državama diljem svijeta, potvrdila su kako se koriste različiti stilovi vođenja i različite motivacijske strategije. U ovom preglednom fokus je stavljen na najčešće korištene stilove vođenja u predškolskim ustanovama u Hrvatskoj, Finskoj i Japanu. Usporedbom različitih stilova vođenja i motivacijskih strategija, istaknute su prednosti i nedostaci u stilovima vođenja. U radu su predstavljeni i rezultati znanstvenih istraživanja na temu vođenja predškolskih ustanova u Hrvatskoj, Finskoj i Japanu. Temeljni zaključak nakon pregleda dostupne literature je kako je u našoj zemlji, unatoč sve složenijim zahtjevima u vođenju predškolskih ustanova u Hrvatskoj ali i diljem svijeta, proveden nedovoljan broj istraživanja o vođenju predškolskih ustanova i korištenju motivacijskih strategija u tom procesu.The paper presents the entire process of running a preschool institution, with an emphasis on the complexity of the process from the director's perspective. Running an educational institution in a modern global society is a very demanding task for the director. The paper lists the differences between management, leadership and guidance, as well as different definitions of leadership. Certain chapters are dedicated to employee motivation, one of the most important tasks of every director. Without motivated employees, there is no quality educational process. Leadership is aimed at understanding and developing people, encouraging the redesign of the institution, encouraging employees to learn, creating a vision and developing the institution in accordance with the vision. For quality management, it is necessary to use motivational strategies that will encourage the development of skills and knowledge of employees. Types of leadership and motivational strategies can be combined differently in order to achieve the quality of work. By using different leadership styles, new approaches are applied in the acquisition of employee competencies with the aim of quality development of the institution. The results of scientific research conducted on the topic of leading educational institutions in countries around the world have confirmed that different leadership styles and different motivational strategies are used. In this overview, the focus is on the most commonly used leadership styles in preschool institutions in Croatia, Finland and Japan. By comparing different leadership styles and motivational strategies, the advantages and disadvantages of leadership styles are highlighted. The review paper also presents the results of scientific research on the topic of managing preschool institutions in Croatia, Finland and Japan. The fundamental conclusion after reviewing the available literature is that in our country, despite the increasingly complex requirements in the management of preschool institutions in Croatia and around the world, an insufficient number of researches have been conducted on the management of preschool institutions and the use of motivational strategies in that process
Life Strategies and Survival Strategies of Individuals and Households in Post-transitional Croatia
No full textŽivotne strategije i strategije preživljavanja obrasci su djelovanja kojima pojedinci i kućanstva nastoje održavati i poboljšavati svoje uvjete života. Ova doktorska disertacija prva je studija životnih strategija u Hrvatskoj koja kvalitativnom metodologijom istražuje pojedince i kućanstva sa širokim rasponom sociodemografskih karakteristika, kao i prva studija koja u ovom području primjenjuje bourdieuovski teorijski pristup. Ciljevi rada su identificirati i opisati različite tipove životnih strategija u Hrvatskoj te kapitale, resurse i prakse na kojima se one temelje, kao i doprinijeti promišljanju povezanosti društvenih nejednakosti, društvenog razvoja i strategija. Teorijski okvir disertacije naslanja se na Bourdieuovu teoriju prakse te na tradiciju istraživanja strategija kućanstava, posebice u postsocijalističkim zemljama. Životne strategije su definirane kao društveni fenomen, što znači da su obrasci praksi i narativi društvenih agenata (pojedinaca i kućanstava) povezani sa njihovim društvenim pozicijama i trajektorijama, ali i sa širim društvenim procesima. Da bi se mogle analizirati specifičnosti strategija u hrvatskom posttranzicijskom društvu, teorijski okvir je nadograđen novim pojmovima (tjelesni resursi, deaktivacije kapitala, horizonti budućnosti i potreba), kao i konceptima koji omogućuju istraživanje struktura „crony“ i neoliberalnog kapitalizma u (post)bourdieuovskom ključu (Petrić i sur., 2022). Metodologija istraživanja utemeljena je u relacijskoj epistemologiji, interpretativnom konstruktivističkom strukturalizmu te pristupu višestruke studije slučaja (Bourdieu, 1990; Stake, 2005; Reed, 2008). Podatci su prikupljeni 2015. godine kroz trideset polustrukturiranih intervjua, uz pripadajuće mikroetnografske bilješke i podatke o kapitalima pojedinaca i kućanstava. Više vrsta analitičkih postupaka kategorizacije i povezivanja i relacijski pristup teoriji omogućili su rekonstrukciju pet tipova životnih strategija, te njihovih obilježja i podvrsta. Osnovni tipovi tako utvrđenih strategija su: 1. Životne strategije napredovanja; 2. Životne strategije očuvanja položaja; 3. Životne strategije kompenzacije položaja; 4. Životne strategije snalaženja; i, 5. Životne strategije preživljavanja. Životne strategije napredovanja obrasci su dugoročnog poboljšanja uvjeta života na temelju visokoga obujma kapitala i razina investicija, uz uzlazne karijere te poduzetničke projekte. Životne strategije očuvanja položaja obilježavaju stalni prihodi ali i manji obujam kapitala i razine investicija nego kod strategija napredovanja. Životne strategije kompenzacije obrasci su praksi kojima su društveni agenti težili nadoknaditi uvjete života koje su izgubili uslijed nepovoljnih strukturnih promjena i slamanja prethodne strategije. Životne strategije snalaženja obilježavao je niski obujam kapitala (posebice devalvirani kulturni kapital), te istaknuto diskontinuirane radne trajektorije i nestalnost uvjeta života. Temeljna karakteristika ovih strategija bila je oslanjanje na (tjelesne) resurse te na dispozicije „snalaženja“ i „prilagodljivosti“, kao i normalizacija prekarnosti. Konačno, životne strategije preživljavanja identificirane su kao obrasci praksi usmjereni opstanku u strukturno izrazito nepovoljnim okolnostima. Obilježavali su ih izrazito niski, devalvirani i deaktivirani kapitali, radikalno sužavanje horizonta potreba, te primarni cilj održavanja uvjeta života koji su uglavnom omogućavali tek nešto više od pukog fizičkog preživljavanja. Istraživanje životnih strategija u Hrvatskoj upućuje na postojanje velikih društvenih nejednakosti i na izrazito nepovoljne uvjete života dijela kućanstava. Vidljiva je dugoročna „šteta“ postsocijalističke transformacije, kao i porast nejednakosti tijekom ekonomske krize, uz pojavu „novih siromašnih“ (isp. Šućur, 2014; Rubinić, 2019). Po načinima na koje preživljava dio kućanstava, Hrvatsku se može ubrojiti u društva u kojima velik dio zaštitnih funkcija sustava socijalne sigurnosti ne osigurava država, već obitelj i mreže društvene solidarnosti. Rezultati upućuju i na to da je društvenu polarizaciju potrebno promišljati ne samo u kategorijama materijalne deprivacije (u kojoj se nalaze pojedinci i kućanstva sa strategijama preživljavanja), već i u širenju fenomena prekarnosti kojoj su posebice bila izložena mnoga kućanstva sa životnim strategijama kompenzacije i snalaženja. S obzirom na sve navedeno, može se zaključiti da su obilježja hrvatskog društvenoekonomskog razvoja i u zreloj fazi tranzicije i u posttranzicijskom razdoblju nastavila stvarati izazove i strukturne pritiske na strategije pojedinaca i kućanstava. Iznimka su bili samo agenti s velikim količinama kapitala i/ili kapitalom vrijednim unutar mehanizama „crony“ kapitalističke države. Konačno, u ovoj disertaciji identificirana raznolikost strategija i njihovih strukturnih okolnosti upućuje na nužnost daljnjeg promišljanja nejednakog razvoja u Hrvatskoj.Life strategies and survival strategies are patterns of action by which individuals and households strive to maintain and improve their conditions of existence. This doctoral dissertation is the first study of life strategies in Croatia that uses qualitative methodology to research individuals and households with a wide range of sociodemographic characteristics while applying a Bourdieusian theoretical approach. The goals of the study are to identify and describe different types of life strategies in Croatia and the forms of capital, resources, and practices on which they are based, as well as to contribute to sociological thinking about the intersection of social inequalities, social development, and life strategies. The theoretical framework of the dissertation is based on Bourdieu's theory of practice and the tradition of household strategies research, especially in post-socialist countries. Life strategies are defined as a social phenomenon, which means that the patterns of practice and narratives of social agents (individuals and households) are connected to their social positions and trajectories, but also to wider social processes. The theoretical framework was upgraded with newly devised concepts (physical resources, deactivation of capital, future horizons) as well as the concepts that enable the (post)Bourdieusian research of ‘crony’ structures and neoliberal capitalism in Croatia (Petrić et al., 2022). The research methodology is based on relational epistemology, interpretive constructivist structuralism and the multiple case study approach (Bourdieu, 1990; Stake, 2005; Reed, 2008). The data was collected in 2015 through thirty semi-structured interviews, along with micro-ethnographic notes and data on individual and household capitals. Several types of analytical procedures of linking and categorization enabled the reconstruction of five types of life strategies, as well as their characteristics and subtypes. The basic types of strategies determined in this way are: 1. Life strategies of social advancement; 2. Life strategies of preserving the social position; 3. Life strategies of compensating; 4. Life strategies of getting by; and, 5. Life strategies of surviving. Life strategies of advancement are patterns of long-term improvement in living conditions based on high volumes of capital and investment levels, along with ascending careers and entrepreneurial projects. Life strategies of preserving the social position are characterized by secure incomes from salaries, but significantly lower capital volumes and investment levels than those within the strategies of advancement. Life strategies of compensating are patterns of practices by which social agents seek to compensate for the living conditions they lost due to unfavourable structural changes and the breakdown of their previous strategies. Life strategies of getting by are marked by a low amount of capital (especially devalued cultural capital), prominently discontinuous work trajectories and the instability of living conditions. The fundamental characteristic of these strategies was the reliance on (physical) resources and dispositions of ‘coping’ and ‘adaptability’, as well as the normalization of precariousness. Finally, life strategies of surviving are identified as patterns of practice aimed at survival in structurally extremely unfavourable circumstances. They were characterized by extremely low, devalued and deactivated capitals, a radical narrowing of the horizon of needs, and the primary goal of maintaining conditions of existence which enabled little more than mere physical survival. Research into life strategies in Croatia points to the existence of significant social inequalities and extremely unfavourable living conditions for some households. The longterm ‘damage’ of the post-socialist transformation is clearly visible, as well as the increase in inequality during the economic crisis, along with the emergence of the ‘new poor’ (cf. Šućur, 2014; Rubinić, 2019). According to the ways in which some households survive, Croatia can be counted among societies where a large part of the protective functions of the social security system is not provided by the state, but by the family and social solidarity networks. The results indicate that social polarization needs to be considered not only in the categories of material deprivation (in which individuals and households with survival strategies are found), but also in the spread of the phenomenon of precariousness to which many households with life strategies of compensating and getting by were especially exposed. It can be concluded that the characteristics of Croatian socio-economic development both in the mature phase of the transition and in the post-transition period continued to create challenges and structural pressures on the strategies of individuals and households. The only exceptions were agents with large amounts of capital and/or capital valuable within the ‘crony’ mechanisms of the capitalist state. Finally, the diversity of strategies and their structural circumstances identified in this dissertation points to the necessity of further reflection on the unequal development in Croatia
The Paris of Zola (The Belly of Paris)
No full textEmile Zola est un écrivain engagé, et son engagement politique se manifeste aussi bien dans les articles de journaux que dans son œuvre littéraire. Le Ventre de Paris est le troisième roman de la série Rougon-Maquart, publié en 1873. C'est l'un d'entre dix romans du cycle RougonMacquart dont l'action se déroule à Paris. Zola, « le père du naturalisme » change son style au fil des années et son « réalisme physiologique » acquiert une composante sociale. A travers son écriture, Zola fusionne le Second Empire et la Deuxième Republique. L'une des caractéristiques les plus significatives de cette période est certainement l'urbanisation de la ville, réalisée par Georges E. Haussman, le préfet de Paris. Le grand marché des Halles désigne un lieu de réussite bourgeoise et nouveau centre de la ville où la santé et la propreté signifient la vertu et l'ordre social. L'approche zolienne envers ces changements est ancrée dans un paradigme socialiste, il utilise la métaphore du « ventre », d'où le pouvoir économique, politique et social soit distribué aux autres membres de la ville. Ici, Paris est un monstre qui contribue à la décadence morale des personnages. Le peintre Claude Lantier raconte la bataille des Gras et des Maigres. Son ami Florent est « le roi des Maigres », tandis que la représentante des Gras soit belle Lisa. Claude mentionne aussi des Maigres désespérés qui acceptent et internalisent les codes de la société bourgeoise.Émile Zola društveno je angažiran pisac, a njegov je politički angažman primjetan u novinskim, ali i u književnim tekstovima. Trbuh Pariza treći je roman ciklusa Rougon-Maquart, objavljen 1873. godine. Jedan je od deset romana već spomenutog ciklusa u kojima je radnja smještena u francuskom glavnom gradu. Zola, začetnik naturalističke škole u književnosti, tijekom godina mijenja svoj stil pa tako njegov „fiziološki realizam“ s vremenom poprima društvenu komponentu. U djelima reprezentira svakodnevicu vremena Druge Republike i Drugog Carstva, među kojima je i kontroverzna modernizacija grada koju je tijekom vladavine Napoleona III proveo prefekt Georges E. Haussmann. Tržnica Les Halles sinonim je građanskog uspjeha, gdje dominantne društvene skupine određuju što je „zdravo“, a što ne. Zola metaforički tržnicu naziva „trbuhom“ novog Pariza, otkud se ekonomska, politička i društvena moć širi prema drugim djelovima grada. Njegov je Pariz nemilosrdno čudovište koje ima ulogu u moralnom propadanju likova. Slikar Claude Lantier donosi priču o borbi Debelih i Mršavih, a svog prijatelja Florenta, protagonista Trbuha Pariza, naziva „kraljem Mršavih“. Predstavnica Debelih je lijepa Lisa. Uz navedene dvije skupine postoje i Očajni Mršavi koji se ne odupiru konceptima modernog društva, već ih prihvaćaju, internaliziraju i očajnički se žele udebljati.Emile Zola is a socially engaged writer, and his political commitment is visible in his journalistic, as in his literary work. The Belly of Paris is the third novel in the Rougon-Maquart series, published in 1873. It is one of ten novels in the Rougon-Macquart cycle set in Paris. Zola, a major figure in naturalistic movement, changed his style over the years, and his “physiological realism” acquired a social component. Through his writing, Zola fused the Second Empire and the Second Republic. One of the most significant features of this period is certainly the urbanization of the city, carried out by Georges E. Haussman, the Prefect of Paris. The market of Les Halles became a place of bourgeois success and the new center of the city, where health and cleanliness signified virtue and social order. Zolian's approach to these changes is rooted in a socialist paradigm, using the metaphor of the “belly”, from which economic, political and social power is distributed to the other members of the city. Here, Paris is a monster that contributes to the characters’ moral decadence. Painter Claude Lantier recounts the battle of the Fat and the Thin. His friend Florent is “the king of the Thin”, while the representative of the Fats is the beautiful Lisa. Claude also mentions desperate Thins who accept and internalize the codes of bourgeois society
Specifics of health care for blind and partially sighted people
No full textVid je ključni osjetilni organ preko kojeg primamo više od 80% informacija iz okoline. On je važan pokretač u razvoju, identifikaciji objekata, događaja, ljudi te je bitan za emocionalne i socijalne interakcije, uključujući i neverbalnu komunikaciju. Sljepoća obuhvaća stanje od potpune nesposobnosti percepcije svjetla do očuvanog minimalnog stupnja vida. S malo preostalog vida, osobe mogu biti ograničene u svakodnevnim aktivnostima. Ubrzani svakodnevni životni tempo slijepim i slabovidnim osobama donosi dodatne prepreke. Neovisnost i kvaliteta života ovih osoba ovise o prilagodbi okoline i dostupnosti pomagala. Za slijepe osobe, kretanje predstavlja glavni izazov, posebno izvan poznatog okruženja. Posebna pomagala su neophodna za obavljanje svakodnevnih zadataka, praćenje obrazovanja i slobodno vrijeme. Ograničenost u kretanju i poteškoće u svakodnevnim aktivnostima mogu negativno utjecati na samopouzdanje i osjećaj vrijednosti osoba s oštećenjem vida. Prava sljepoća se odnosi na potpuni gubitak vida, gdje nema percepcije svjetla ili je vid iznimno ograničen, s mogućnošću detekcije svjetla ili vrlo malim ostacima vida. Postoji i stanje poznato kao praktična sljepoća, gdje je vid prisutan ali izuzetno smanjen, obično između 2 i 5% vida na boljem oku, s mogućim sužavanjem vidnog polja. Oba ova stanja traže značajne izazove u svakodnevnom životu i zahtijevaju posebnu skrb ne samo zdravstvenih djelatnika, već i okoline, obitelji, te prilagodbu samog pojedinca.Sight is a key sense organ; because through it we receive more than 80% of information from the environment. It is an important driver the development and identification of objects, events, people and is essential for emotional and social interactions, including non-verbal communication. Blindness ranges from a complete inability to perceive light to a preserved minimum level of vision. With little remaining vision, people can be limited in their daily activities. The accelerated pace of everyday life brings additional obstacles, especially for blind and partially sighted people. Thise people’s independence and quality of life depend on the adaptation of the environment and the availability of aids. For blind people, movement is a major challenge, especially outside familiar surroundings. Special aids are necessary for performing daily tasks, following education and free time. Limited mobility and difficulties in daily activities can negatively affect the self-confidence and sense of worth of visually impaired people. Blindness, as a medical disorder, encompasses different degrees of vision loss, from partial to complete lack of ability of the visual system to transmit stimuli. True blindness refers to complete loss of vision, where no perception of light or vision is extremely limited, with the ability to detect light or little residual vision. There is also a condition known as practical blindness, where vision is present but extremely reduced, usually between 2 and 5% of vision in the better eye, with possible narrowing of the field of vision. These conditions require significant challenges in everyday life and require medical care not only from health professionals, but also from the environment, the family, and the adaptation of the individual
Vertical Scaling Techniques for Computer Performance Enhancement
No full textOvaj rad se bavi analizom performansi višejezgrenih procesora, s posebnim naglaskom na izazove vertikalnog skaliranja, poput memorijskog uskog grla i koherencije predmemorije (cache). Provedeni testovi performansi (benchmark) u virtualnom okruženju pokazuju kako povećanje broja procesorskih jezgri može dovesti do zasićenja performansi zbog konkurentnog pristupa istom memorijskom prostoru. U praktičnom dijelu rada razvijena je web aplikacija koja testira enkripciju i dekripciju s pomoću višejezgrenih procesora, te mjeri opterećenje procesora prije i poslije izvršenja zadataka, čime se prikazuju izazovi skalabilnosti i učinkovitosti. Osim toga, rad istražuje specijalizirane procesore poput grafičkih procesora (GPU-ova), procesora za neuronske mreže (NPU-ova) i Tensor procesora (TPU-ova). Ovi procesori koriste specifične arhitekture koje nadvladavaju ograničenja tradicionalnih CPU sustava, omogućujući bržu i učinkovitiju obradu podataka u specifičnim primjenama kao što su umjetna inteligencija, duboko učenje, te masivna paralelizacija. Rezultati istraživanja potvrđuju teoretske postavke o ograničenjima tradicionalnog vertikalnog skaliranja i ukazuju na potrebu za primjenom alternativnih arhitektura radi postizanja optimalne računalne učinkovitosti.This paper focuses on the performance analysis of multicore processors, with a particular emphasis on the challenges of vertical scaling, such as memory bottlenecks and cache coherence. Benchmark tests conducted in a virtual environment show that increasing the number of processor cores can lead to performance saturation due to concurrent access to the same memory space. In the practical part of the paper, a web application was developed to test encryption and decryption using multicore processors and to measure CPU load before and after task execution, highlighting scalability and efficiency challenges. Additionally, the paper explores specialized processors such as graphics processing units (GPUs), neural network processors (NPUs), and tensor processing units (TPUs). These processors leverage specific architectures that overcome the limitations of traditional CPU systems, enabling faster and more efficient data processing in applications such as artificial intelligence, deep learning, and massive parallelization. The research results confirm the theoretical assumptions about the limitations of traditional vertical scaling and indicate the need for applying alternative architectures to achieve optimal computational efficiency