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Motif of muzhik in the novel Ana Karenina
No full textPremda jedan od najvećih romana ruskog realizma, Ana Karenjina L. N. Tolstoja istovremeno sadrži i karakteristike modernizma koje se, između ostalog, naziru i u simboličkoj upotrebi određenih motiva. Svakako najintrigantniji među njima motiv je mužika, odnosno seljaka s razbarušenom bradom. Tumači romana različito su ga interpretirali, najčešće kao prikaz Tolstojevih stavova o posljedicama industrijalizacije na tradicionalni ruski život ili kao simbol Aninih razočaranja i deluzija o vlastitom životu. U ovom se diplomskom radu prvo prikazuju njegove pojave i ukratko tumači njihov kontekst te veza s naslovnom junakinjom. Zatim se analiziraju s njim povezani motivi svijeće, odnosno svjetla ili tame, torbe ili vreće (mešok), te motivi željeza i željeznice. Naposljetku se motiv mužika analizira kao simbol junakinjine kazne i propasti koja je neodvojiva od društvenopolitičkog konteksta druge polovine 19. stoljeća u Rusiji i Tolstojevih nazora.Although one of the greatest novels of Russian realism, Anna Karenina by L. N. Tolstoy simultaneously contains the characteristics of modernism, which can be seen, among other things, in the symbolic use of certain motifs. Certainly, the most intriguing among them is the motif of a muzhik, that is, a peasant with a dishevelled beard. Many interpreters of the novel have explained it differently, most often as a representation of Tolstoy's views on the consequences of industrialization on traditional Russian life or as a symbol of Anna's disappointments and delusions about her own life. In this thesis, firstly the muzhik’s appearance is presented and the context as well as the connection with the title character are briefly explained. Then the related motifs of the candle, i.e. light or darkness, bag (meshok), as well as the motifs of iron and railways, are analysed. Finally, the motif of the muzhik is analysed as a symbol of the heroine's punishment and downfall, which is inseparable from the socio-political context of the second half of the 19th century in Russia and Tolstoy's views
Education system in Istria from 1870 to 1914
No full textNovi školski zakoni doneseni na razini države omogućili su reformu dotadašnjeg školstva, a pokrajinske inačice temeljnih školskih zakona nakon 1870. godine najavile su novo razdoblje u razvoju i modernizaciji pučkog školstva u Istri. Donošenjem državnih školskih zakona 1868. i 1869. godine postavljena su osnovna načela uloge školstva i obrazovanja u društvu te utvrđeni temelji kasnijem razvoju državnoga školstva. Školska zakonska regulativa je tako sustavno organizirala i regulirala socijalizaciju, kao i obrazovne procese i procese učenja sljedećih generacija, a istarski je seljak stavljen pred gotov čin imao obvezu slati svoje potomstvo u školu. Posljedica donesenih sustavnih zakonskih akata bit će postupna modernizacija društva te stvaranje temelja sustavnog unapređenja pučkog školstva u Istri. Cilj je ovoga rada istražiti, analizirati i utvrditi ulogu državnih zakona u stvaranju modernog hrvatskog školstva u Istri od donošenja „temeljnih“ školskih zakona do početka Prvog svjetskog rata. Pokušat će se odgovoriti na pitanje u kojoj mjeri i je li donesena zakonska regulativa zaživjela te na koji se način ostvarivala u istarskim školama. Pretpostavka je da nakon donošenja državnih zakona u istarsko je školstvo postupno prodirala zakonska regulativa te su i nakon donošenja državnih zakona postojale zapreke koje su onemogućavale njihovu cjelovitu primjenu. Neki od problema s kojima se suočava istarsko školstvo bit će financijsko upravljanje koje prelazi na općine, nedostatak školovanog kadra, problem uvođenja hrvatskoga jezika, a sve to u vrijeme kad se sukobljavaju interesi hrvatskog i slovenskog narodnog preporoda i talijanskog iredentizma. Pitanje nastavnog jezika, na jednom višejezičnom i multietničkom prostoru poput Istre, bilo je ključno pitanje ne samo zbog razvoja školskog obrazovnog sustava svih naroda kojima je dano pravo na obvezno obrazovanje, već je postalo i glavno sredstvo u borbi protiv talijanizacije Istre. Materinski jezik je postao pokazatelj brojnosti hrvatskog stanovništva, ali i nemoći tadašnjeg stanovništva nad manjom, ali ekonomski jačom i stabilnijom i na koncu vladajućom skupinom Talijana. Borba za hrvatski jezik u javnoj upravi i školama kroz doneseni državni zakonski okvir vodila se u Istri u obliku procesa socijalizacije većinskog hrvatskog stanovništva u Istri s nacionalnim predznakom te na izvjestan način direktno utjecala na stvaranje hrvatskih pučkih škola. Rezultati hrvatskog nacionalno-integracijskog procesa dopiru do hrvatskog stanovništva kroz političke, društvene i kulturne djelatnosti. Iako sporijim ritmom, ipak mijenjaju postojeće stanje. Stvorena hrvatska građanska inteligencija sve se uspješnije nosila s postojećim problemima, a škole, koje formiraju mlade ljude u jezičnom, kulturnom i ideološkom smislu, postale su ključ u borbi za afirmaciju ravnopravnosti. U stvaranju hrvatskog školskog sustava u Istri ključnu je ulogu imalo i školsko društvo Družbe svetog Ćirila i Metoda za Istru. Družba se pokazala kao jedna od vodećih nositelja nacionalno-integracijskog i modernizacijskog pokreta te je kao odgovor na sve veći pritisak Talijana i njihovo društvo Legu Nacionale, osnovala mrežu hrvatskih pučkih škola upravo tamo gdje su bile najpotrebnije. Od 1893. do 1918. godine Družba je otvorila sveukupno 54 privatne pučke škole i 10 dječjih zabavišta. Osim toga osnovala su se i druga učiteljska društva koja su se okupljala oko svojih časopisa. Cilj je bio osnažiti, stručno obrazovati i usavršavati hrvatski kadar učitelja. Također, neizostavni je doprinos Naše sloge, koja je kao prve novine koje su izlazile na hrvatskome jeziku u Istri i na kvarnerskim otocima, imala ključnu ulogu u vrijeme preporodnog i nacionalno-integracijskog procesa u afirmaciji i razvoju hrvatskog društva u Istri koje se oduprlo talijanizaciji. Posljedica temeljnih školskih zakona je uspostavljanje obveznog školovanja za sve učenike od 6. do 12. godine. Stvoren je hrvatski sustav pučkih škola u Istri kojim se povećao broj hrvatskih pučkih škola u Istri, a time i broj školovanog učiteljskog kadra. Također, implementacijom školskih zakonima postavljena su osnovna načela uloge školstva i obrazovanja u društvu i utvrđene osnovne postavke kasnijem razvoju državnoga školstva.New school laws at the state level enabled the reform of the existing educational system, and the provincial versions of the primary school laws after 1870 heralded a new period in the development and modernisation of primary education in Istria. The adoption of the state school laws in 1868 and 1869 established the basic principles for the role of education in society and laid the foundation for the later development of the state education system. The school laws systematically organised and regulated socialisation, educational processes, and the learning processes of the next generation. The Istrian peasant, presented with a fait accompli, was obliged to send his offspring to school. The consequence of these systematic legislative acts was the gradual modernisation of society and the laying of the foundations for the systematic improvement of primary education in Istria. The aim of this thesis is to examine, analyse and determine the role of state legislation in the creation of modern Croatian education in Istria from the enactment of the "basic" school laws until the beginning of the First World War. The work will attempt to answer the question of the extent to which the legal regulations were implemented and how they were realised in Istrian schools. It is assumed that the legal regulations gradually penetrated the Istrian school system after the enactment of the state laws and that even after the enactment of the state laws there were obstacles that prevented their full implementation. The problems faced by Istrian education included the shift of financial management to the municipalities, the lack of trained staff and the challenge of introducing the Croatian language. All this happened at a time when there were conflicts of interest between the Croatian and Slovenian national revival movements and Italian irredentism. The issue of the language of instruction was crucial in a multilingual and multiethnic region like Istria not only for the realisation of the irredentist goals of the Italians, but also for the development of the educational system for all communities entitled to compulsory education. The mother tongue became an indicator of the number of Croatian people, but also of the powerlessness of the population of the time in the face of the smaller but economically stronger and more stable ruling Italian group. The struggle for the Croatian language in public administration and in schools took the form of socialisation processes for the Croatian majority population in Istria, which had a national focus within the framework of the enacted state laws. In a way, this directly contributed to the creation of Croatian primary schools. The results of the Croatian national integration process reached the Croatian population through political, social and cultural activities. Despite its slow pace, it led to changes in the existing conditions and gave rise to a Croatian civic intelligentsia that addressed the existing problems. Schools played a key role in the linguistic, cultural and ideological education of young people and became a decisive factor in the struggle for equality. In the creation of the Croatian educational system in Istria, the School Society of the Society of Saints Cyril and Methodius for Istria played a decisive role. The Society emerged as one of the leading proponents of the national integration and modernisation movement, resisting increasing pressure from the Italians and their Lega Nazionale. It built a network of Croatian primary schools where they were most needed. From 1893 to 1918, the Society opened a total of 54 private primary schools and 10 kindergartens. Teachers' associations were also founded around its journals. Their aim was to strengthen and professionally train Croatian teachers. The contribution of "Naša sloga", the first Croatian newspaper in Istria and the Kvarner Islands, was also indispensable. It played a key role during the process of revival and national integration in affirming and developing Croatian society in Istria, which resisted Italianisation. The result of the fundamental school laws was the introduction of compulsory education for all students between the ages of 6 and 12. A Croatian primary school system was created in Istria, which increased the number of Croatian primary schools and thus the number of trained teachers. Furthermore, the implementation of these school laws established the basic principles for the role of education in society and thus laid the foundation for the later development of the state education system
The art of falconry and the possibility of its touristic valorization
No full textVeć tisućama godina u mnogim krajevima svijeta postoji tradicija sokolarstva, tj. korištenja sokolova u svrhu lova na divljač. Prema Blaineu (2002) sokolarenje jest umijeće korištenja ptica grabljivica u službi čovjeka, a Žižanović (2004) ističe da je riječ o „lovu s pomoću sokolova i srodnih ptica grabljivica i vježbanju tih ptica za lov“. Povijest umijeća sokolarenja stara je gotovo kao povijest najranijih razvijenih civilizacija. Važnost ovog umijeća prepoznao je i UNESCO te je 2010. godine uvršteno na popis svjetske nematerijalne kulturne baštine više zemalja (UAE, Belgija, Češka, Francuska, Južna Koreja, Mongolija, Maroko, Katar, Saudijska Arabija, Sirija i Španjolska), a 2012. godine priključile su se Austrija i Mađarska. Moglo bi se ustvrditi kako kulturni značaj umijeća sokolarenja počiva na tisućljetnoj prisutnosti tokom povijesti čovječanstva i na njegovom multinacionalnom karakteru. UNESCO sokolarstvo koristi kao primjer dobre prakse na području međunarodne suradnje koja je, iako raširena po kulturološki vrlo različitim zemljama, opet konkretna manifestacija žive sokolarske tradicije. Turističke manifestacije u čijem je fokusu umijeće sokolarenja počele su se razvijati početkom 21. stoljeća s ciljem očuvanja, veće promocije i širenja svijesti javnosti o značaju ovoga umijeća. Zaključno, turističko vrednovanje umijeća sokolarenja ima svojih pozitivnih i negativnih strana. Pozitivni aspekti ogledaju se u promociji i zaštiti umijeća, upoznavanju šire javnosti s ovim tradicijskim umijećem te ekonomskim i drugim koristima koji bi proizašli kao rezultat. Negativni aspekti odnose se na komodifikaciju i dekontekstualizaciju umijeća gdje ono gubi svoj izvorni značaj, iskorištavanje i eventualno zlostavljanje ptica grabljivica te otuđivanje od istinskih nositelja ove kulturne baštine. Republika Hrvatska ima velik potencijal za dodatan razvoj lovnog turizma i ostalih sličnih niša. S obzirom da je sokolarstvo jedan od segmenata koji pripadaju u domenu lovnog turizma treba sagledati kakve se sve mogućnosti turističke valorizacije umijeća sokolarenja mogu realizirati.For thousands of years, there has been a tradition of falconry in many parts of the world, i.e. using falcons for the purpose of hunting game. According to Blaine (2002), falconry is the art of using birds of prey in the service of man, and Žižanović (2004) points out that it is about "hunting with the help of falcons and related birds of prey and training these birds for hunting". The history of the art of falconry is almost as old as the history of the earliest developed civilizations. The importance of this art was recognized by UNESCO and in 2010 it was included in the list of world intangible cultural heritage of several countries (UAE, Belgium, Czech Republic, France, South Korea, Mongolia, Morocco, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria and Spain), and in 2012 Austria and Hungary joined. It could be argued that the cultural significance of the art of falconry rests on its millennial presence throughout the history of mankind and on its multinational character. UNESCO uses falconry as an example of good practice in the field of international cooperation, which, although spread over culturally very different countries, is again a concrete manifestation of a living falconry tradition. Tourist events focusing on the art of falconry began to develop at the beginning of the 21st century with the aim of preserving, promoting and spreading public awareness of the importance of this art. In conclusion, tourist evaluation of the art of falconry has its positive and negative sides. The positive aspects are reflected in the promotion and protection of the art, familiarizing the general public with this traditional art, and the economic and other benefits that would arise as a result. The negative aspects refer to the commodification and decontextualization of art where it loses its original significance, the exploitation and possible abuse of birds of prey, and alienation from the true bearers of this cultural heritage. The Republic of Croatia has great potential for further development of hunting tourism and other similar niches. Given that falconry is one of the segments that belong to the domain of hunting tourism, it is necessary to look at all the possibilities of touristic valorization of the art of falconry that can be realize
Undesirable behaviors of preschool children
No full textNepoželjna ponašanja djece predškolske dobi postaju sve zastupljenija te odgojiteljima, učiteljima, roditeljima i ostalima koji se nađu u životu tih pojedinaca, predstavljaju pravi izazov. Nepoželjna ponašanja manifestiraju se na različite načine i često bez jasnih granica prelaze iz jednog oblika u drugi Od odgojitelja se očekuje da u svakom trenutku na pravilan način odgovore na nepoželjno ponašanje. Cilj ovog diplomskog rada je ispitati pojavnost nepoželjnih ponašanja djece predškolske dobi, utvrditi razinu kompetentnosti odgojitelja kao i kvalitetu suradnje sa stručnim timom. Dobiveni rezultati iz anketnog upitnika ukazuju na veliku zastupljenost nepoželjnih ponašanja u vrtićkim skupinama te potrebu za kvalitetnijom suradnjom stručnih suradnika i odgojiteljaUndesirable behaviors of preschool children are becoming more and more common and present a real challenge to educators, teachers and others who find themselves in the lives of these individuals. Undesirable behaviors are manifested in different ways and often without clear boundaries, they pass from one form to another. Educators are expected to respond appropriately to undesirable behavior at any moment. The goal of this diploma thesis is to examine occurrence occurrence of undesirable behaviors of preschool children, to determine the level of competence of educators as well as the quality of cooperation with the professional team. The results obtained from the survey questionnaire indicate a high prevalence of undesirable behavior in kindergarten groups and the need for better cooperation between professional associates and educators
Language as an identity-building element in Saša Stanić's novel Origins
No full textEin wichtiger Aspekt der modernen Gesellschaft ist die Suche nach dem, was Identität ist. Die individuelle Identität wird durch zahlreiche Faktoren geprägt und geformt. Ein wichtiger Faktor dabei ist die Sprache. In welchem Maße beeinflusst sie unsere Identität? Welche anderen Elemente, die die Identität eines Individuums prägen, werden durch die Sprache sichtbar, gefestigt, geformt, ausgedrückt? Wie sieht dieser Prozess bei Menschen aus, die mehrsprachig sind? Diese Diplomarbeit analysiert diese Fragen aus literarischer Sicht am Beispiel des Romans Herkunft. Dieser Roman mischt durch die Hauptfigur zwei Sprachen auf zahlreiche Weisen – durch Zitate, fremde Namen, aber auch detaillierte Beschreibungen, Szenen und Erinnerungen. Demzufolge geht auch die Analyse tiefer und befasst sich mit den Elementen, die diese „fremden“ Begriffe darstellen: Familie, Orte, Zugehörigkeit, Wurzeln, usw. Durch diese Analyse wird indirekt auch gefragt, was für sie ein Individuum, eine Familie, sogar eine ganze Gesellschaft bedeuten kann, und warum man überhaupt nach seiner Herkunft suchen sollte. Demzufolge begibt sich der Leser durch die Analyse zahlreicher Elemente, die in diesem Roman die Herkunft darstellen, auf die Suche nach seiner individuellen Antwort auf die Frage, was Herkunft überhaupt ist und was sie für ihn bedeutet.Traganje za identitetom ključan je aspekt modernog društva. Brojni su faktori koji obilježavaju i formiraju individualni identitet, a jedan od značajnih je jezik. Do koje mjere jezik utječe na naš identitet? Koji su drugi elementi, koji imaju utjecaj na identitet pojedinca i postaju vidljivi, izraženi, formirani kroz jezik? Kako ovaj proces izgleda kod višejezičnih govornika? Ovaj diplomski rad analizira navedena pitanja iz književne perspektive koristeći roman Herkunft kao svoj korpus. Spomenuti roman kroz glavni lik isprepleće na brojne načine dva različita jezika, npr. kroz uporabu citata, stranih imena, detaljnih opisa, scena i uspomena. Sukladno tome analiza je također dubinska i fokusira se na elemente koje strani pojmovi u tekstu predstavljaju: obitelj, mjesta, pripadnost, korijene, itd. Kroz provođenje analize nameće se indirektno pitanje: što za samog čitatelja znače pojmovi poput individualca, obitelji, društva, i zašto bi se uopće trebalo tragati za identitetom? Dakle, čitatelja analiza brojnih elemenata koji predstavljaju na različite načine porijeklo navodi da krene na vlastitu potragu za svojim odgovorom na pitanje što je uopće porijeklo te što ono njemu predstavlja.One could say that the search of identity is an important aspect part of modern society. The individual identity is marked and formed by numerous factors, one of its significant ones being language. To which extent does language have an impact on our identity? What are other elements that influence our identity that are visible, formed, expressed and fixed through language? How does that process look like when it comes to multilingual speakers? This master's thesis analyses the above mentioned from a literary perspective by using the novel Origins as its corpus. This novel intertwines two different languages by using various techniques, such as inserting quotes, foreign names, providing detailed descriptions, scenes and memory episodes. As a result of this, the analysis also goes deeper than just focusing on words. It includes the analysis of the elements that the „foreign“ words present in the text: family, places, belonging, origins, etc. By providing such an analysis, the following question indirectly imposes itself: what do terms such as an individuality, family, society mean to you, and why should one even search for his origins? The reader is motivated through the analysis of numerous elements that present origins in this novel to search for his own answer to the question of what origins are and what this term means for him personally
Functions of the female body in the novel Parzival by Wolfram von Eschenbach
No full textDas herausragende Werk des deutschen Hochmittelalters Parzival von Wolfram von Eschenbach bietet einen Einblick in die mittelalterliche Gesellschaft und in ihre Auffassung des weiblichen Körpers. Durch die Darstellung der Frau im Parzival kommen verschiedene Seiten des mittelalterlichen Lebens zum Ausdruck, wie die politische Macht, die familiäre Verantwortung und die höfische Liebe. Die Frau wird nicht nur als Objekt der männlichen Begierde dargestellt, sondern auch als eine starke und einflussreiche Frau, die aktiv in den Entwicklungen der Handlung beteiligt ist. Im Roman wird die Schönheit des weiblichen Körpers als ein wichtiges gesellschaftliches Phänomen bezeichnet. Die Schönheit wird aus verschiedenen Gesichtspunkten interpretiert, aus dem ästhetischen, dem symbolischen und dem moralischen Gesichtspunkt. Sie spielt eine wesentliche Rolle in den Mann-Frau-Beziehungen und bei der Erhöhung des gesellschaftlichen Ansehens des Mannes. Höfische Liebe und Dienst an Frauen sind zentrale Themen im Parzival. Die Ehe wird als eine wichtige Institution der höfischen Gesellschaft dargestellt, die zur Stärkung des politischen Einflusses der adeligen Familien dient. Die Liebes- und Ehebeziehungen basieren auf gegenseitiger Zuneigung und Treue. Aus der Analyse der weiblichen Figuren im Parzival ergibt sich eine Vielfalt an Funktionen des weiblichen Körpers und der sozialen Rollen der Frau im privaten und öffentlichen Leben. Unter diesen Funktionen sind vor allem folgende zu nennen: die verführerische Funktion des weiblichen Körpers, das Streben der Frau nach dem Liebeskontakt mit dem Partner, die biologische Funktion des Frauenkörpers in der Ehe, Frau als Gebärerin und stillende Mutter und die dienende Funktion der namenlosen Frauen, die ihren Körper zum Zwecke des körperlichen Vergnügens der Männer zur Verfügung stellen.Značajno djelo njemačkog visokog srednjeg vijeka, Parzival Wolframa von Eschenbacha, otkriva nam način gledanja na žensko tijelo u srednjovjekovnom društvu. Ženski likovi prikazani u romanu koji utjelovljuju raznolike uloge i osobnosti. Žene u Parzivalu otkrivaju različite strane srednjovjekovnog života, poput političke moći, obiteljske odgovornosti i dvorske ljubavi. One nisu samo romantični objekti požude, već su prikazane kao snažne i utjecajne figure aktivno uključene u tijek radnje. U romanu se ljepota ženskog tijela opisuje kao društveni ideal ljepote. Ta ljepota tumači se na različite načine, uključujući estetske, simboličke, društvene i moralne, te ima značajnu ulogu u zabavi muškaraca i povećanju njihova društvenog statusa. Dvorska ljubav i služenje ženama su ključne teme u Parzivalu, pri čemu su odnosi između muškaraca i žena temeljeni na uzajamnoj privrženosti i vjernosti. Brak se također prikazuje kao političko sredstvo koje služi jačanju ugleda i utjecaja glavnih likova. Sveukupno, analiza ženskih likova u Parzivalu oslikava raznolikost prikaza ženskog tijela i njegove uloge u srednjovjekovnom kontekstu, od idealiziranih standarda ljepote do složenih odnosa i društvenih položaja.The significant German High Middle Ages work, Wolfram von Eschenbach's Parzival provides insight into the female body in medieval society. Various female characters are featured in the novel, playing diverse and complex roles that go beyond commonly accepted notions. The women in Parzival represent various aspects of medieval life, such as political power, family responsibility, and courtly love. They are not just romantic objects of sexual desire but are portrayed as strong and influential figures actively involved in the plot. In the novel, the beauty of the female body is described as a social ideal of beauty. This beauty is interpreted in various ways, including aesthetic, symbolic, social, and moral, and plays a significant role in entertaining men and increasing their social status. Courtly love and service to women are key themes in Parzival, with relationships between men and women based on mutual affection and fidelity. Marriage is also portrayed as a political tool that enhances the main characters' reputation and influence. Overall, the analysis of the female characters in Parzival illustrates the diversity of representations of the female body and its role in the medieval context, from idealized beauty standards to complex relationships and social position
Arts and Crafts Movement in Great Britain
No full textRazdoblje 19. stoljeća u Velikoj Britaniji vrijeme je velikih društvenih promjena koje je uzrokovala industrijska revolucija. Neki su je slavili kao uspjeh čovječanstva, dok je dio britanske populacije isticao probleme kao što su nezaposlenost i problematična radnička prava. Intelektualci kao što su J. Ruskin i A. Pugin naglašavali su vrijednosti nekadašnjeg srednjovjekovnog društva i pri tome kritizirali industrijsko društvo koje gubi humanost. Slična razmišljanja dijelili su i određeni umjetnici i obrtnici koji su kritizirali masovnu i nekvalitetnu produkciju umjetnina te su potaknuti time osnovali različita udruženja i organizacije kao što su Morris & Co., The Century Art Guild, Glasgowska škola umjetnosti itd. Njegovali su manualni rad, senzibilitet prema lokalnoj kulturi i lokalnim materijalima. Ključna figura ovog pokreta koji je nazvan Arts and Crafts, bio je engleski slikar, književnik i dizajner William Morris. Njegov rad danas se najviše prepoznaje po tapetama i tekstilnim predmetima s motivima stilizirane vegetacije po uzoru na srednjovjekovnu umjetnost, što će utjecati na vizualne ekspresije novog pokreta koji će nastati krajem stoljeća, a to je Art Nouveau. Obrtnici i umjetnici koji su bili dio Arts and Crafts pokreta vodili su se zajedničkim idejama vezanim za umjetničku proizvodnju, no pokret nikada nije imao određene stilske smjernice niti strogo određenu dataciju. Najznačajniji aspekt pokreta bila su nova promišljanja o industrijskoj proizvodnji, urbanizmu i funkcionalnosti doma, koja se mogu odrediti kao počeci modernističkog pravca u povijesti umjetnosti.The 19th century in Britain was a time of great social change brought on by the Industrial Revolution. While some celebrated it as the triumph of humanity, others highlighted the problems it caused such as unemployment and poor labour rights. Intellectuals such as J. Ruskin and A. Pugin emphasized the values of the past medieval society and in doing so, criticised the industrial society which was losing its humanity. Similar sentiments were shared by certain artists and craftsmen, who criticised the low-quality mass production of artworks. Encouraged by that, they founded different associations and organisations such as Morris & Co., The Century Art Guild, Glasgow School of Art, etc. They cultivated manual labour and sensibility towards local culture and local materials. Key figure of this movement called Arts and Crafts was a British painter, writer and designer William Morris. His work today is best known for wallpaper and textile items with motifs of stylized vegetation modelled on medieval art, which will later have impact on visual expressions of the new movement born at the end of the century and called Art Nouveau. Craftsmen and artists, who were part of the Arts and Crafts movement, were guided by the same ideas related to artistic production, but the movement never had a definite stylistic direction. It is important to highlight the their new ideas on industrial production, urbanism, and the functionality of the home, which can be defined as the beginnings of the modernist trend in art history
Family and Family Upbringing in Modern Society
No full textOvaj diplomski rad istražuje obitelj i obiteljski odgoj u suvremenom društvu, s naglaskom na promjene u odgojnim praksama, obiteljskim vrijednostima te utjecaj društvenih i tehnoloških promjena. Tema je posebno relevantna u kontekstu modernih obiteljskih struktura i izazova s kojima se suočavaju roditelji u današnjem vremenu. Cilj istraživanja je dobiti dublji uvid u promjene u obiteljskim vrijednostima i metodama odgoja te ulogu koju imaju suvremene promjene u odgoju djece. Uz to, istražuje se kako tehnologija i mediji utječu na obiteljsku dinamiku i komunikaciju, kao i načini na koje obitelji surađuju s obrazovnim institucijama. Metodološki, rad se temelji na kvalitativnom istraživanju provedenom putem intervjua s osam majki različitih obiteljskih struktura. Podaci su prikupljeni tijekom mjesec dana, a sudionici su odabrani iz različitih dijelova Hrvatske. Analizom intervjua, rezultati su ukazali na to da suvremene obitelji, unatoč izazovima društvenih promjena, i dalje promiču tradicionalne obiteljske vrijednosti, prilagođavajući ih suvremenom kontekstu. Tehnologija ima značajan utjecaj na obiteljsku dinamiku, uglavnom negativno, smanjujući osobnu interakciju i kvalitetu odnosa. Roditelji balansiraju između tradicionalnih i suvremenih odgojnih metoda, s naglaskom na individualizirani pristup djetetu i otvorenu komunikaciju. Suradnja s obrazovnim institucijama varira zbog nedostatka vremena i podrške, dok se obitelji suočavaju s izazovima tehnološkog napretka, socijalnih pritisaka i balansiranja profesionalnog i obiteljskog života. Zaključak rada naglašava važnost prilagodljivosti suvremenih obitelji u kontekstu brzih društvenih i tehnoloških promjena. Istraživanje predlaže daljnju analizu i uključivanje različitih perspektiva, poput očeva i djece, kako bi se dobio cjelovitiji uvid u obiteljsku dinamiku i odgojne prakse.This master thesis explores family and parenting in modern society, with an emphasis on changes in parenting practices, family values, and the influence of social and technological changes. The topic is particularly relevant in the context of modern family structures and the challenges parents face today. The aim of the research is to gain a deeper insight into changes in family values and parenting methods, as well as the role that contemporary changes play in raising children. Additionally, the study examines how technology and media impact family dynamics and communication, as well as the ways families cooperate with educational institutions. Methodologically, the study is based on qualitative research conducted through interviews with eight mothers from different family structures. Data was collected over the course of one month, with participants selected from various parts of Croatia. An analysis of the interviews revealed that contemporary families, despite the challenges posed by societal changes, continue to promote traditional family values, adapting them to modern contexts. Technology has a significant impact on family dynamics, mostly negative, reducing personal interaction and the quality of relationships. Parents balance between traditional and modern parenting methods, with a focus on an individualized approach to the child and open communication. Collaboration with educational institutions varies due to a lack of time and support, while families face challenges related to technological advancement, social pressures, and balancing professional and family life. The conclusion of the study emphasizes the importance of adaptability for contemporary families in the context of rapid social and technological changes. The research suggests further analysis and inclusion of different perspectives, such as those of fathers and children, to gain a more comprehensive understanding of family dynamics and parenting practices
Stilska analiza Disneyeve Trnoružice (1959)
No full textThis paper revolves around the elements regarded as the stylistic components of the film Sleeping Beauty (1959). The body is divided into five segments, the first gives an insight into the origins of the story and the other four analyze factors which affected the films production, style and reception. The main focus is on the analysis of stylistic, coloring and character aspects that all contributed to the overall look of the film.Ovaj se rad fokusira na elemente koji sačinjavaju stilske komponente filma Trnoružica (1959). Razrada se dijeli u pet segmenata; prvi daje uvid u nastanak priče, dok ostala četiri dijela analiziraju elemente koji su utjecali na produkciju, stil i recepciju filma. Naglašava se analiza stila, boje i likova koji su doprinijeli cjelokupnom izgledu filma
Cosmos in Goethe’s works Faust I and Faust II
No full textDiese Abschlussarbeit untersucht, wie Goethe das Konzept von Mikrokosmos und Makrokosmos nutzt, um den Charakter von Faust und seine Suche nach Wissen zu erforschen. In dieser Arbeit werden drei Szenen analysiert: „Nacht”, „Hochgebirg” und „Grosser Vorhof des Palasts”. Durch diese Szenen zeigt Goethe, wie Fausts intellektuelle und spirituelle Reise durch seine Beziehung zum Universum geprägt wird. Der Makrokosmos repräsentiert die weite, harmonische Struktur des Universums, die Faust zu verstehen wünscht, während der Mikrokosmos seine menschlichen Begrenzungen und Kämpfe widerspiegelt. Durch die Untersuchung von Fausts sich entwickelnden Ambitionen, von persönlicher intellektueller Erfüllung bis zum größeren Ziel, die Welt zu gestalten, hebt diese Arbeit Goethes Botschaft hervor, dass die wahre Bedeutung nicht im Beherrschen des Universums liegt, sondern im kontinuierlichen Streben.Ovaj završni rad istražuje način na koji Goethe koristi koncepte mikrokozmosa i makrokozmosa kako bi istražio Faustov karakter i njegovi potragu za znanjem. U ovom radu analizirane su tri scene: “Noć,” “Planina,” i “Veliko predvorje palate”. Kroz ove scene Goethe nastoji pokazati kako je Faustovo intelektualno i duhovno putovanje oblikovano njegovim odnosom sa svemirom. Makrokozmos predstavlja veliku, skladnu strukturu svemira koji Faust želi razumjeti, dok mikrokozmos odražava njegova ljudska ograničenja i borbe. Analizirajući Faustove rastuće ambicije, od osobnog intelektualnog ispunjenja do većeg cilja oblikovanja svijeta, djelo ističe Goetheovo poruku da pravi smisao ne leži u ovladavanju svemirom, već u neprekidnoj težnji za nečim većim.This bachelor thesis examines how Goethe uses the concepts of microcosm and macrocosm to explore Faust’s character and his quest for knowledge. Three scenes were analyzed in this thesis: “Night,” “High Mountains,” and “The Great Outer Court of the Palace.” Through these scenes, Goethe shows how Faust’s intellectual and spiritual journey is shaped by his relationship with the universe. The macrocosm represents the vast, harmonious structure of the universe that Faust wishes to understand, while the microcosm reflects his human limitations and struggles. By examining Faust’s evolving ambitions, from personal intellectual fulfillment to the larger goal of shaping the world, this thesis highlights Goethe’s message that true meaning lies not in dominating the universe, but in continuous striving