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Branding Nin tourist destinations though tourist events
No full textU radu su opisane prepoznatljive turističke manifestacije koje organizira Turistička zajednica Grada Nina: Ninska šokolijada, Festival Sunca i svjetlosti, Romantična noć, Festival pijeska te manifestacija koja više nije aktivna Nin, najstariji hrvatski kraljevski grad. Predmet istraživanja je brendiranje turističke destinacije kroz manifestacije i strateško upravljanje manifestacijama u destinaciji na primjeru dobre prakse destinacije Nin. Svrha istraživanja je analizirati i donijeti prijedloge za brendiranje turističke destinacije Nin kroz turizam događaja. Analiziran je strateški dokument dugoročnog turističkog razvoja grada Nina, arhiva Turističke zajednice, kao i stručna literatura, analiza press-clippinga, promotivnih materijala, ali i analiza portfolija evenata u Turističkoj zajednici Grada Nina. Korištena je metodologija istraživanja sa sudjelovanjem te metoda intervjuiranja eksperta aktualne direktorice Turističke zajednice Grada Nina sa svrhom prikupljanja informacija putem strukturiranog dubinskog intervjua kako bi se dobile relevantne informacije od strane same idejne začetnice promatranih manifestacija. Kroz diplomski rad opisuju se benefiti članstva u EDEN organizaciji te se analiziraju čimbenici uspjeha ninske turističke zajednice kao primjera dobre prakse menadžera destinacije, čime turističke manifestacije postaju zaštitni brend grada.The paper describes recognizable tourist events organized by the Tourist Board of the City of Nin: Nin Chocolate Festival, Festival of Sun and Light, Romantic Night, Sand Festival and an event that is no longer active Nin, the oldest Croatian royal city. The subject of the research is the branding of a tourist destination through events and the strategic management of events in the destination on the example of the good practice of the destination Nin. The purpose of the research is to analyze and make proposals for branding the tourist destination of Nin through event tourism. The strategic document of the long-term tourism development of the city of Nin, the archives of the Tourist Board, as well as professional literature, analysis of press-clippings, promotional materials, and the analysis of the portfolio of events in the Tourist Board of the City of Nin were analyzed. Participatory research methodology was used, as well as the method of interviewing the expert of the current director of the Tourist Board of the City of Nin with the purpose of gathering information through a structured in-depth interview in order to obtain relevant information from the very originator of the observed manifestations. The diploma thesis describes the benefits of membership in the EDEN organization and analyzes the success factors of the Nin tourist board as an example of good practice of the destination manager, which makes tourist events become the protective brand of the cit
The possibility of implementing art therapy in the context of teaching visual arts in primary education
No full textTema ovog diplomskog rada je Mogućnost primjene art terapije u kontekstu nastave likovne kulture u primarnom obrazovanju, a koncipiran je od teorijskog i praktičnog dijela. U psihologiji se koriste crteži kao dijagnostičko sredstvo. Jedan od oblika psihoterapije je art terapija koja koristi stvaralašvo likovnog procesa kao sredstvo za rješavanje problema. Art terapija se temelji na korištenju kreativnih postupaka likovnih tehnika kako bi riješila traume i unutarnje sukobe te kako bi se istražili osjećaji. Art terapija se razvija u 20. stoljeću, a prvi koji se koristio izrazom „art terapija“ bio je umjetnik Adrian Hill 1942. godine. Utemeljiteljem prvog britanskog programa art terapije, odnosno ocem iste smatra se Edward Adamson. Art terapija je potpuno drugačiji pristup i shvaćanje umjetnosti te likovnog izražavanja. To je pristup s ciljem unapređenja zdravlja i bržeg oporavka djeteta, neverbalna forma izražavanja misli i osjećaja. Istražujući likovne tehnike i materijale kroz likovnu aktivnost djeca imaju mogućnost izraziti svoje misli, pogled na svijet, ideje i osjećaje. Tako dijete ima mogućnost osloboditi onu nevidljivu, osobnu stranu kao i one duboko potisnute osjećaje, koje otkrivamo „čitajući“ crtež. Tako pronalazimo i razumijevamo dječje psihičke procese i pronalazimo veze s podsvjesnim i potisnutim sadržajima. Važan dio odgojno-obrazovnog procesa je likovna kultura, čije djelovanje jako utječe na kognitivni, emocionalni, motorički i socijalni razvoj djeteta. Dijete samo pronalazi likovno stvarnje, a učitelj mu mora ponuditi mogućnost za likovno izražavanje i prihvatiti likovni izraz djeteta. Bitno je djetetu osigurati vrijeme i prostor, kao i pristup tehnikama i materijalima. Također, pružiti mu slobodu i priliku za njegovo izražavanje. Kada je to sve omogućeno, tada likovni radovi djeteta postaju prikaz njegovih negativnih, ali i pozitivnih osjećaja. Cilj ovog diplomskog rada je istražiti art terapiju te utvrditi mogućnost primjene art terapijskih vještina i metoda u okviru nastavne likovne kulture u primarnom obrazovanju. Isto tako, cilj je i istražiti na koji način potaknuti učenike da crtežom izraze svoje unutarnje stanje u nastavi likovne kulture.This diploma thesis is composed of a theoretical and a practical part. In psychology, drawings are used as a diagnostic tool. One of the forms of psychotherapy is art therapy, which uses the creative art process as a means to solve problems. Art therapy is based on the use of creative procedures and character techniques to resolve trauma, internal conflicts and explore feelings. Art therapy develops in the 20th century, and the first to use the term "art therapy" was the artist Adrian Hill, in 1942. Edward Adamson is considered the father of art therapy as the founder of the first art therapy program in Bitania. Art therapy is a completely different approach and understanding of art, artistic expression, an approach aimed at improving the health and faster recovery of the child, it is a form of nonverbal expression of thoughts and feelings. By exploring art techniques and materials through an art activity, children have the opportunity to express their thoughts, world view, ideas, and feelings. Thus, the child has the possibility to release the invisible, personal side as well as those deeply suppressed feelings, which we discover by "reading" the drawing. This is how we find and understand children's psychological processes and find connections with subconscious and repressed contents. An important part of the educational process is artistic culture, whose effect is very important on cognitive, affective, motor, and social development of the child. Children finds the artistic creation on his own, and the teacher must offer him the opportunity for artistic expression and accept the child'sexpression . It is important provide the child with time and simply as well as access to techniques and materials. Also give him freedom and opportunity for his expression. When all this is possible, then the child's art works become a representation of his negative as well as positive feelings. The goal of this thesis is to investigate art therapy, and to determine the application of art therapy skills and methods within the framework of art education in primary education, and to investigate how art education can encourage students to express their inner state through drawin
Empirical and Transcendental Correlation Between World and Consciousness : A Phenomenological Contribution to Cognitive Science
No full textFundamentalno istraživanje u radu svjesni um i svijet razmatra kao sukonstitutivne, nerazdvojne sastavnice kognitivnog sustava, kako na empirijskoj razini dostupnoj pozitivnoj znanosti, tako i na transcendentalnoj razini koju otkrivaju filozofijske analize. Ono je potaknuto, s jedne strane, prigovorima upućenim kognitivnoj znanosti da je zanemarila ulogu svijesti i svijeta u proučavanju uma kao višestruko ostvarivog kompjutacijsko reprezentacijskog sustava, a s druge fenomenologijskim deskripcijama jedinstvene strukture života svjesnog svijeta te našeg biti-u-svijetu nakon provedbe transcendentalne, odnosno ontologijske redukcije, kojima pak manjka empirijska verifikacija. Nakon komparativnih analiza različitih pristupa u kognitivnoj znanosti, izvršenih u prvom, drugom i trećem dijelu disertacije, autor se u daljnjem konceptualnom istraživanju vodi definicijom kognicije kao sposobnosti snalaženja živih bića u svijetu koje rezultira novim a uvjetovano je prethodnim znanjem i vještinama. Drugim riječima, u stalnoj interakciji organizma i njegove okoline razvijaju se spoznaje i vještine, koje se onda primjenjuju na novonastale situacije. Ova interakcija, koja uvjetuje pojavu kognicije, može se razložiti na različite ali međusobno povezane procese metabolizma, homeostaze, reprodukcije, društvenog ponašanja, autonomnog djelovanja, osmišljavanja svijeta i dvostrane prilagodbe. Istraživanje stoga argumentira u prilog hipoteze da kognicija nije samo procesiranje informacija koje se osniva na nizu formalnih pravila i izvodi u slijedu koraka prema zadanim algoritmima, niti samo prepoznavanje obrazaca u propagaciji signala neuronskim mrežama, nego selektivna, regulativna, intencionalna, utjelovljena i situirana aktivnost autonomnih i društvenih bića usmjerenih na postizanje ciljeva, samoodržanje i prilagodbu. Prije uvođenja slojevite strukture svijeta u tematsko polje kognitivne znanosti, što je prema autoru izvorni doprinos fenomenologije, bilo je potrebno ukazati na različite aspekte svijesti koja ima kognitivni značaj pri integraciji informacija, globalnom dijeljenju rezultata modularnog procesiranja, snalaženju u novonastalim situacijama, konsolidaciji memorije, zamišljanju i planiranju, održavanju identiteta, uspostavljanju povoljnih okolišnih uvjeta, kontroli svrhovitog ponašanja, reagiranju na selektirane podražaje, tumačenju kauzalnih poveznica i uživljavanju u mentalna stanja drugih. Svijet, s druge strane, najprije kao prirodna i društvena okolina, zajedno s nasljednim genetičkim programom razvoja organizma, formira kapacitete kognitivnog agenta, određujući što će si i na koji način on predočiti, kako će to utjecati na njegovo ponašanje i povratno na uvjete u istoj toj okolini. Međutim, fenomenološke analize otkrile su da svijet kao univerzalni prostorno-vremenski horizont, pozadina koja definira predmetnost, temelj svih doksičkih postavljanja, dinamika poznatog i stranog, prisutnog i odsutnog, mreža značajnosti, motivacijski sklop i intersubjektivno formirana objektivna zbilja, nije nešto izvanjsko svjesnom umu, nego je život višerazinska korelacija subjekta i svijeta koja formira korelate kao dva suprotstavljena pola, ali dijelom istog dinamičkog procesa. Transcendentalna razina korelacije svijesti i svijeta u disertaciji predstavljena je kroz eidetske deskripcije fenomena koji jamče ovo dvostrano uvjetovanje, a to su konstitutivna intencionalnost, utjelovljenost, intersubjektivnost i povijesnost. Kao prafenomen ili temelj te povezanosti, tj. ono što transcendentalnu sferu drži na okupu, prepoznata je vremenitost, koja se očituje kao kognitivno, organsko, objektivno i ekstatično diferencirajuće vrijeme. Zaključno, empirijska i transcendentalna argumentacija u ovom interdisciplinarnom istraživanju zajedno potvrđuju da objektivno vrijedno znanje koje se može akumulirati, artikuirati, razvijati i prenositi nastaje iz dinamičke interakcije svjesnog, utjelovljenog subjekta i njegove složene i promjenjive prirodne, društvene i kulturne okoline, čime se ukazuje na nedostatnost kako tradicionalne paradigme uma kao računala tako i suvremenog neurocentrizma u kognitivnoj znanosti.Fundamental research in the present study considers the conscious mind and the world as co constitutive, inseparable components of the cognitive system, both on the empirical level accessible to positive science, and on the transcendental level revealed by philosophical analyses. It was motivated, on the one hand, by objections addressed to cognitive science that it neglected the cognitive role of consciousness and the environment by conceiving the mind as a multiply realizable computational-representational system and, on the other hand, by phenomenological descriptions of the unified structure of our world-conscious life and our being-in-the-world, after implementing the transcendental and ontological reductions respectively, which lack empirical verification. Following comparative analyses of different approaches in cognitive science, executed in the first, second and third part of the dissertation, further conceptual investigation is pursued according to the definition of cognition as the ability of living beings to cope with the world, which results in new but is conditioned by previous knowledge and skills. In other words, knowledge and skills are developed through constant interaction between an organism and its environment, and then applied to new situations. This interaction consists of different but interrelated processes of metabolism, homeostasis, reproduction, social behavior, autonomous action, bilateral adaptation, and making sense of the world. Presented research, therefore, supports the hypothesis that thinking is not only information processing based on a series of formal rules and performed in a sequence of steps according to given algorithms, nor is it just the recognition of patterns in the propagation of signals in a neural network, but a selective, regulative, intentional, embodied and situated activity of autonomous and social beings, aimed at achieving goals, self-preservation and adaptation. Before introducing the layered structure of the world into the thematic field of cognitive science, which is, according to the author, the original contribution of phenomenology, it was necessary to point out various aspects of consciousness having cognitive significance in the integration of information and global sharing of the results of modular processing, in coping with unfamiliar situations, consolidation of memory, imagining and planning, self-evidencing, establishing favorable environmental conditions, controlling purposeful behavior, reacting to selected stimuli, interpreting causal links, and immersing oneself in the mental states of others. The world, on the other hand, primarily as a natural and social environment, together with a hereditary genetic program, forms the capacities of a cognitive agent, determining how and what he will experience, how it will affect his behavior and, in turn, how will his actions change the conditions in that environment. However, phenomenological analyzes have revealed that the world as a universal spatio-temporal horizon, a background which defines objectivity, a permanent doxic basis, a dynamics of the known and the foreign, of the present and the absent, a network of significance, a motivational system and an intersubjectively formed reality, is not something external to the conscious mind. Life is a multilevel correlation of the subject and the world, forming the correlates as two opposing poles but parts of the same dynamic process. The transcendental level of the correlation is revealed in the present study through eidetic descriptions of phenomena that underlie this two-sided conditioning, namely constitutive intentionality, embodiment, intersubjectivity and historicity. Temporality, which manifests as cognitive, organic, objective and ecstatic-differentiating time, is now seen as the primal phenomenon or connective tissue that holds the transcendental sphere together. In conclusion, scientific and philosophical arguments in this interdisciplinary research confirm that objectively valuable knowledge that can be obtained, articulated, developed and transferred, arises from the dynamic interaction of conscious, embodied subject and its complex and changing natural, social and cultural environment, thus indicating the inadequacy of the traditional paradigm of the mind as a computer as well as contemporary neurocentrism in cognitive science
Tourism advertising as a transferor and creator of destination identity
No full textOvaj diplomski rad bavi se tematikom proizvodnje i komuniciranja identiteta turističke destinacije koje se ostvaruje putem oglašavanja, specifično promotivnih turističkih videozapisa. Korpus istraživanja čine zemlje Hrvatska, Grčka, Italija, Španjolska i Portugal koje predstavljaju tradicionalne mediteranske zemlje vezane uz ljetni odmorišni turizam. Istraživanje se temelji na sintagmatskoj i paradigmatskoj analizi multimodalnog sadržaja kojom se izdvajaju semiotički alati korišteni u proizvodnji identiteta turističke destinacije. Diplomski rad je podijeljen u četiri glavna poglavlja. U prvom poglavlju razmatraju je opći pojmovi turizma i identiteta turističke destinacije te se odabrane zemlje svrstavaju pod uži oblik turizma zvan ljetni odmorišni turizam. Drugo poglavlje bavi se teorijskim odrednicama semiotike kao znanosti. Izdvajaju se i objašnjavaju semiotički alati koji će se koristiti u analizi korpusa zajedno s uputama za analizu sadržaja koje su izradili neki od najznačajnijih semiotičara. Treće poglavlje predstavlja temelj diplomskog rada, dakle paradigmatsku i sintagmatsku analizu multimodalnog sadržaja promotivnih turističkih videozapisa. Analiziran je po jedan ili više promotivnih videozapisa svake zemlje koji su dio službenih kampanja turističkih zajednica tih zemalja. Analizom su izdvojena dominantna semiotička sredstva prisutna u videozapisima te je određeno kako se pojedina zemlja želi identificirati kao turistička destinacija. Rezultati dobiveni u analizi uspoređeni su u četvrtoj cjelini rada gdje se zaključuje kako multimodalne metafore predstavljaju dominantna semiotička sredstva korištena u turističkom oglašavanju promatranih zemalja. Također je zaključeno kako, u svrhu turističke identifikacije, turističke zajednice žele povezati svoju zemlju s određenim iskustvenim ili misaonim konceptima kako bi joj pridodali stvarne ili zamišljene karakteristike koje će ju učiniti poželjnom ili primamljivom za posjet. Utvrđeno je kako se identitet proizveden u turističkom oglašavanju može podijeliti na dva temeljna oblika; autentična turistička destinacija i turistička destinacija raznovrsnog sadržaja. Naposljetku, zaključeno je kako proizvodnja i prijenos identiteta turističke destinacije služi glavnom cilju izdvajanja među turističkom konkurencijom i privlačenju turista u turističku destinaciju.This thesis deals with the topic of production and communication of the identity of a tourist destination, which is realized through advertising, specifically via promotional tourist videos. The corpus of research consists of the countries Croatia, Greece, Italy, Spain and Portugal, which represent the traditional Mediterranean countries related to summer holiday tourism. The research is based on the syntagmatic and paradigmatic analysis of multimodal content which distinguishes the semiotic tools used in the production of the identity of the tourist destination. The thesis is divided into four main chapters. In the first chapter, the general concepts of tourism and the identity of the tourist destination are considered, while the selected countries are classified under a specific form of tourism called summer holiday tourism. The second chapter deals with main scientific theories of semiotics. Semiotic tools to be used in corpus analysis are highlighted and explained along with instructions for content analysis developed by some of the most important semioticians. The third chapter represents the basis of the thesis, i.e. the paradigmatic and syntagmatic analysis of the multimodal content of promotional tourist videos. One or more promotional videos of each country, which are part of the official campaigns of the tourist boards of those countries, were analyzed. The analysis identified the dominant semiotic tools present in the videos and determined how a particular country wants to identify itself as a tourist destination. The results obtained in the analysis are compared in the fourth part of the thesis, where it is concluded that multimodal metaphors represent the dominant semiotic means used in tourist advertising of the observed countries. It was also concluded that, for the purpose of tourist identification, tourist boards want to associate their country with certain thought concepts in order to add real or imagined characteristics that will make it desirable or tempting to visit. It was determined that the identity produced in tourist advertising can be divided into two basic forms; an authentic tourist destination and a tourist destination with a diverse variety of content. Finally, it was concluded that the production and transfer of the identity of the tourist destination serves the main goal of distinguishing itself from the rest of tourist competition and attracting tourists to the tourist destination
Youth, politics and subcultures in local community : example of punk scene in Zagreb
No full textOvim istraživanjem željelo se vidjeti kako mladi ljudi akteri punk scene u Zagrebu definiraju politiku, koje oblike političnosti i na koji način sami prakticiraju ili prepoznaju kod drugih aktera punk scene. Razlog zašto se u ovom istraživanju fokus usmjerio na mlade ljude nalazi se u čestim opisima marginalnog odnosa starije populacije prema mladima, u kojem ih se često naziva ´skeptičnom generacijom´ (Tomić-Koludrović, 1999) ili ´gubitnicima´ (Ilišin, 2004). Isto tako, nalazi istraživanja o mladima također nam pokazuju kako se na odnos mladih prema politici ponekad gleda kao na ´apolitičan´, opisujući nesklonost političkim strankama ili nepovjerenje prema političarima, što nepovoljno utječe na aktivnije sudjelovanje mladih ljudi u političkim institucijama (Mustapić, Karajić, 2013; Ilišin, 1999; 2004; 2006; Gvozdanović, 2011;2014). No, bez obzira na negativne poglede na politički angažman mladih, možemo vidjeti kako mladi različito reagiraju na te (ne)svjesne barijere pred kojima se nađu. Iako dio mladih prihvati očekivanu političku nezainteresiranost, kod dijela je moguće prepoznati želju i volju da budu aktivni i angažirani, pružajući time na različite načine otpor nametnutom marginalnom društvenom statusu. Iz tog razloga zanimali su nas alternativni oblici iskazivanja političnosti mladih ljudi, koji ponekad ostanu neprepoznati. Oni su primjeri političke aktivnosti mladih i prikazuju njihovu asertivnost, ali i gubitak društva koje ne prepoznaje potencijal njihove političnosti (Storrie, 1997; Willis, 1990). Želeći istražiti ovu temu, izabrali smo punk kao primjer supkulture koja među mladima oživljava političko djelovanje (McKay, 1996; Hebdige, 1980; Savage, 1992; Home, 1995). Devedesetih godina u Hrvatskoj poveznica punk supkulture s izraženijim političkim stavovima i vezama s aktivističkom scenom ponovno je istaknuta (Perasović, 2001; 2013), oživljavajući ono što poneki autori nazivaju ´Crass´ paradigmom (McKay, 1996; Perasović, 2001; 2013; Dergić, 2014; 2019). Kako bi se istražila tema mladih, politike i supkultura u lokalnoj zajednici, na primjeru zagrebačke punk supkulture, provedeno je etnografsko istraživanje koje se sastojalo od promatranja sa sudjelovanjem, pisanja dnevničkih zapisa, kao i provođenje dubinskih, polu strukturiranih intervjua. Terenski dio istraživanja proveden je u trajanju od 15 mjeseci, unutar kojih je provedeno 28 intervjua sa sudionicima u dobnim granicama između 20 i 36 godina. Istraživanje mladih, politike i supkulture postavljeno je na način da odgovara na pet glavnih istraživačkih pitanja: 1. Kako mladi ljudi koji se smatraju dijelom punk supkulture definiraju političnost?; 2. Koje oblike političnosti prepoznaju među sobom mladi ljudi koji se smatraju dijelom punk supkulture?; 3. Koje aktivnosti i prakse sudionici povezuju sa svojom političnošću?; 4. Što sve mladi aktivni na punk sceni opisuju kao utjecaj na razvoj njihove političnosti?; 5. Kakva je političnost mladih na punk sceni u kontekstu shvaćanja političnosti mladih u Hrvatskoj? U nalazima ovog istraživanja možemo vidjeti kako se iskustva i mišljenja sudionika o politici i političkoj aktivnosti slažu sa zaključcima kao što je Sairambayevo (2020) shvaćanje političke participacije ili Beckov (2001) pojam subpolitike. Kada se sa sudionicima razgovaralo o punk sceni, opisivali su tri grupe pojmova, odnosno grupe prisutne na sceni, a kojima vidimo koliko se stil među njima i dalje značajno povezuje s političkim stavovima: kukumari i kejos punksi; apolitični i siva zova, te skinhead i Oi! punk. Njihovim spominjanjem, prepoznavanjem i opisivanjem razlika između navedenih grupa, možemo vidjeti kako je supkulturni kapital sudionika prisutan i izražen (Thornton, 1995). Analizom prikupljenih podataka dobili smo opise 39 aktivnosti, praksi i političkih ideja kojima su sudionici opisivali vlastitu političnost ili političnost koju primjećuju na punk sceni u Zagrebu. One su organizirane u 7 kategorija: 1. Formalna političnost; 2. Neformalna političnost – aktivizam; 3. Punk pristup; 4. Stilski izričaj; 5. Prakse potrošnje – (anti)konzumerizam; 6. Političko (samo)izjašnjavanje; 7. Verbalna ekspresija. Ove kategorije djelomično se oslanjaju na nalaze istraživanja punk scene u Nizozemskoj u kojem je autorica Lohman (2017) kategorizirala političnost kroz pet oblika političke participacije. Našom kategorizacijom prepoznat je širi spektar aktivnosti, praksi i političkih ideja u svrhu boljeg shvaćanja različitih 321 formi i primjera političkog djelovanja mladih ljudi aktivnih na lokalnoj punk sceni. Rezultatima istraživanja možemo još jednom vidjeti koliko su za aktere punk scene i sudionike istraživanja važne stilske razlike koje su utemeljene na političkim stavovima. Također, ovo istraživanje naglašava potrebu prepoznavanja političke zainteresiranosti ili participacije mladih ljudi u širem spektru političkih aktivnosti od onih koje se odnose na tradicionalne indikatore kao što je sudjelovanje u političkim strankama i izlasci na izbore. Uzimajući u obzir samo navedene indikatore, pogrešno možemo doći do zaključka da je kod mladih ljudi došlo do pada društvenog aktivizma, umjesto da se prepoznaju nove prilike za angažman, te promjena i diverzifikacija političkog sudjelovanja mladih (Norris, 2002). Stoga kao doprinos ovog istraživanja predstavljena kategorizacija oblika političnosti mladih na punk sceni u Zagrebu prikazuje široki spektar aktivnosti i praksi koje nadilaze postojeće poznate primjere sudjelovanja mladih u formalnoj politici. Svi navedeni primjeri govore o asertivnosti mladih ljudi da na postavljene barijere odgovaraju novim načinima i prilikama za sudjelovanje u političkim procesima.Through this research we wanted to see how young people who are actors of the punk scene in Zagreb define politics, what forms of politicalness and in what ways they themselves practice or recognize in other actors of the punk scene. The reason why the focus of this research was placed on young people can be found in frequent descriptions of the marginalizing attitude of the older population towards young people, in which they are often called the 'skeptical generation' (Tomić-Koludrović, 1999) or 'losers' (Ilišin, 2004). Likewise, the findings of research on young people also show that the attitude of young people towards politics is sometimes seen as 'apolitical', describing dislike of political parties or mistrust towards politicians, which adversely affects a more active participation of young people in political institutions (Mustapić, Karajić, 2013; Ilišin, 1999; 2004; 2006; Gvozdanović, 2011; 2014). However, regardless of the negative views on political engagement of young people, we can see how young people react differently to these (un)conscious barriers in front of which they find themselves. Even though a part of young people accept the expected political disinterest, we can recognize in some of them the desire and willingness to be active and engaged, thereby providing resistance to the imposed marginal social status in various ways. For this reason, we were interested in alternative forms of expressing politicalness in young people, which sometimes remain unrecognized. They are examples of political activity of young people that demonstrate their assertiveness, but also the loss of a society that does not recognize the potential of their politicalness (Storrie, 1997; Willis, 1990). Wanting to explore this topic, we chose punk as an example of a subculture that revives political activity among young people (McKay, 1996; Hebdige, 1980; Savage, 1992; Home, 1995). In the 1990s in Croatia, the connection of the punk subculture with more pronounced political attitudes and connections with the activist scene was emphasized once again (Perasović, 2001; 2013), reviving what some authors call the ´Crass´ paradigm (McKay, 1996; Perasović, 2001; 2013; Dergić, 2014; 2019). In order to investigate the topic of young people, politics and subculture in the local community, based on the example of Zagreb's punk subculture, an ethnographic research was conducted that consisted of observation with participation, writing diary entries, as well as conducting in depth, semi-structured interviews. The field part of the research was conducted in the span of 15 months, during which 28 interviews were conducted with participants between 20 and 36 years of age. The research of young people, politics and subculture is set up in a way to answer the five main research questions: 1. How do young people who consider themselves part of the punk subculture define politicalness? 2. What forms of politicalness do young people who consider themselves part of the punk subculture recognize? 3. What activities and practices do the participants correlate with their politicalness? 4. What do young people who are active on the punk scene describe as influences on the development of their politicalness? 5. What is the politicalness of young people on the punk scene like in the context of understanding the politicalness of young people in Croatia? In the findings of this research, we can see how the participants' experiences and opinions about politics and political activity correspond with conclusions such as Sairambay's (2020) understanding of political participation or Beck's (2001) notion of subpolitics. When the participants discussed about the punk scene, they described three groups of terms, i.e. groups present on the scene, which shows how their style is still significantly associated with political attitudes: kukumari and chaos punks; apolitical and gray zone, and skinheads and Oi! punks. By mentioning them, as well as by recognizing and describing the differences between the mentioned groups, we can see how the subcultural capital of the participants is present and expressed (Thornton, 1995). By analyzing the collected data, we obtained descriptions of 39 activities, practices and political ideas through which the participants described their own politicalness or the politicalness they observe in the punk scene in Zagreb. They are organized into 7 categories: 1. Formal politicalness; 2. Informal politicalness - activism; 3. The punk approach; 4. Stylistic expression; 5. Consumption practices – (anti)consumerism; 6. Political (self-)declaration; 7. Verbal expression. These categories are partially based on research findings within the punk scene in the Netherlands, in which the author Lohman (2017) categorized politicalness through five forms of political participation. Our categorization recognizes a wider spectrum of activities, practices and political ideas in order to better understand the different forms and examples of political activity of young people who are active in the local punk scene. Based on the results of the research, we can once again see how important stylistic differences are for the actors of the punk scene and the research participants, with these differences being based on political attitudes. Likewise, this research emphasizes the need to recognize the political interest or participation of young people in a wider spectrum of political activities than those related to traditional indicators such as participation in political parties and voting in elections. Taking into account only the mentioned indicators, we can come to the incorrect conclusion that there has been a decline in social activism among young people, instead of recognizing new opportunities for engagement, as well as the change and diversification of political participation of young people (Norris, 2002). Therefore, as a contribution of this research, the presented categorization of forms of youth politics in the punk scene in Zagreb shows a wide spectrum of activities and practices that go beyond the existing known examples of youth participation in formal politics. All the aforementioned examples indicate the assertiveness of young people in response to the barriers in front of them with new ways and opportunities to participate in political processes
The influence of non-pharmacological interventions on blood pressure, pulse, oxygen saturation (SpO2) and some affective states in patients with hypertension
No full textOvo istraživanje istražuje učinke nefarmakoloških terapija na krvni tlak, puls, zasićenost kisikom (SpO2) i određena emocionalna stanja kod osoba s hipertenzijom. Glavni cilj je procijeniti neposredni učinak dviju metoda opuštanja, glasovne tehnike i dijafragmalnog disanja, na zdravstvene pokazatelje i emocionalna stanja kao što su depresija, anksioznost i stres. U studiji je sudjelovalo 17 pojedinaca koji su bili podvrgnuti različitim procjenama u četiri različite vremenske točke: početnoj (M1), nakon edukacije (M2) i sedam dana nakon intervencije (M3). Za prikupljanje podataka o krvnom tlaku korišteni su validirani sfigmomanometri, a za dobivanje podataka o psihičkim stanjima DASS anketa. Tretmani su se sastojali od predavanja usmjerenih na kontrolu hipertenzije, metode opuštanja i prijedloge za tjelesne vježbe. Sudionici su dobili edukaciju o hipertenziji, prilagodbama životnog stila i mjerama upravljanja stresom, zajedno s resursima za pomoć u nastavku prakse. Rezultati pokazuju značajno poboljšanje krvnog tlaka, pulsa i razine SpO2, popraćeno smanjenjem očaja, tjeskobe i stresa nakon intervencije. Statistička analiza provedena je korištenjem uparenih t-testova za usporedbu mjerenja prije i poslije intervencije. Analiza je otkrila sljedeće: mjerenja sistoličkog i dijastoličkog krvnog tlaka pokazala su značajno smanjenje nakon intervencije (p < 0,005); došlo je do značajnog smanjenja pulsa nakon intervencije (p < 0,005); Iako su razine SpO2 pokazivale samo male varijacije (unutar jedne jedinice), te su promjene bile statistički značajne (p < 0,005). Ovi nalazi pokazuju da primijenjene tehnike opuštanja imaju blagotvoran učinak na nekoliko zdravstvenih pokazatelja, naglašavajući njihovu učinkovitost u kontroli hipertenzije i poboljšanju mentalnog zdravlja. Statističko istraživanje potvrdilo je da tehnike opuštanja imaju blagotvoran učinak na nekoliko pokazatelja zdravlja, što ukazuje na njihovu učinkovitost u kontroli hipertenzije i poboljšanju mentalnog zdravlja. Nalazi ovog istraživanja pokazuju da nefarmakološke terapije, uključujući metode opuštanja, imaju značajan pozitivan učinak na liječenje hipertenzije i poboljšanje mentalnog zdravlja. Ovi nalazi podržavaju korištenje takvih pristupa u cjelovitim programima liječenja za osobe s hipertenzijom.This paper investigates the effects of non-pharmacological therapies on blood pressure, heart rate, oxygen saturation (SpO2) and certain emotional states in people with hypertension. The main goal is to evaluate the immediate effect of two relaxation methods, voice technique and diaphragmatic breathing, on health indicators and emotional states such as depression, anxiety and stress. 17 individuals participated in the study and underwent different assessments at four different time points: baseline (M1), post-education (M2) and seven days post-intervention (M3). Validated sphygmomanometers were used to collect data on blood pressure, and the DASS survey was used to obtain data on psychological states. Participants received education about hypertension, lifestyle adjustments, and stress management measures, along with resources to help them continue their practice. The findings indicate a notable enhancement in blood pressure, heart rate, and SpO2 levels, along with a decrease in feelings of despair, worry and stress following the intervention. Paired t-tests were utilized to conduct statistical analysis, comparing measures taken before and after the intervention. The analysis yielded the subsequent findings: The intervention resulted in a significant decrease in both systolic and diastolic blood pressure measurements (p < 0.005). Additionally, there was a significant decrease in heart rate after the intervention (p < 0.005). Although there were only small variations in SpO2 levels (within one unit), these changes were statistically significant (p < 0.005). The findings demonstrate that the implementation of relaxation techniques has a positive impact on several health markers, underscoring its efficacy in managing hypertension and enhancing mental well-being. Statistical research has confirmed that relaxation techniques have a beneficial effect on several health indicators, indicating their effectiveness in controlling hypertension and improving mental health. The study findings show that non-pharmacological therapies, including relaxation methods, have a significant positive effect on treating hypertension and improving mental health. These findings support the use of such approaches in comprehensive treatment programs for people with hypertension
The role of wine in the gastronomic culture of Croatia with special reference to Zadar County
No full textVinarstvo i vinogradarstvo predstavlja aktivnosti koje su na području Republike Hrvatske, pa i Zadarske županije poznate od pamtivijeka. Može se istaknuti kako je ta djelatnost kroz povijest imala uspona i padova, a trenutno je u vrlo prosperitetnom razdoblju. Rast i razvoj područja vinarstva i vinogradarstva uvjetovan je i razvojem turizma te povećanim zanimanjem posjetitelja za kulturni, ruralni i vinski turizam. U tom smislu suvremeno vinarstvo karakterizira korištenje visoke tehnologije, okretanje prema autohtonim vinskim sortama te izlazak na tržište u novom ruhu, uz suvremeni marketing, poboljšanu uslugu te vrlo visoke razine kvalitete i privlačnosti proizvoda. Cilj diplomskog rada je istražiti važnost i obilježja ponude vina u turističkom proizvodu Zadarske županije. Empirijsko istraživanje provedeno je metodom dubinskog intervjua na uzorku od 10 gospodarskih subjekata, 5 proizvođača vina s područja Zadarske županije te 5 ostalih dionika u turizmu (hoteli i ugostitelji). Analizom dobivenih podataka utvrđeno je da postoji određeno neslaganje oko kvalitete i ostvarene suradnje s aspekta proizvođača koji smatraju da je suradnja još uvijek na nedovoljnoj razini, te ostalih dionika u turizmu, posebno ugostitelja, koji smatraju da je suradnja na adekvatnoj razini. Ispitanici se slažu da vinski turisti uglavnom pripadaju kategoriji obiteljskih ljudi koji u destinaciju dolaze vlastitim automobila, dok su avionski i turisti s kruzera nešto lošija populacija kada je u pitanju zainteresiranost za kupovinu vina. U osnovne zaključke spada i činjenica da vrijeme proizvodnje i promoviranja proizvoda od autohtonih sorti vinove loze tek dolazi, i to buđenjem svijesti i proizvođača i potrošača. One ujedno predstavljaju ključ uspjeha vinskog turizma na području Zadarske županije zahvaljujući sposobnosti da se turistima ponudi jedinstven i autentičan doživljaj prostora koji posjećuju.Winemaking and viticulture are activities that have been known since time immemorial in the territory of the Republic of Croatia, but also in the Zadar County. It can be pointed out that this activity has had its ups and downs throughout history, and is currently in a very prosperous period. The growth and development of winemaking and viticulture is conditioned by the development of tourism and the increased interest of visitors in cultural and rural, i.e. wine tourism. In this sense, modern winemaking is characterized by the use of high technology, turning to autochthonous wine varieties and entering the market in a new guise, with modern marketing, with improved service and with very high levels of product quality and attractiveness. The aim of the thesis is to investigate the importance and features of the wine offer in the tourism product of Zadar County. Empirical research was conducted using the method of in-depth interviews on a sample of 10 business entities, 5 wine producers from the area of Zadar County and 5 other stakeholders in tourism (hotels, restaurateurs). The analysis of the obtained data revealed that there is a certain disagreement about the quality and the achieved cooperation from the point of view of producers who consider that the cooperation is still at an insufficient level, and other stakeholders in tourism, especially restaurateurs, who consider that the cooperation is at an adequate level. Respondents agree that wine tourists mostly belong to the category of family people who come to the destination in their own cars, while airplane and cruise ship tourists are a slightly worse population when it comes to being interested in buying wine. The basic conclusions also include the fact that the time for the production and promotion of products from autochthonous grape varieties is yet to come, with the awakening of the awareness of both producers and consumers, and they also represent the key to the success of wine tourism in the area of Zadar County thanks to the ability to offer tourists a unique and authentic experience of the space he visits
Death and the problem of suicide
No full textSmrt čini glavnu sastavnicu čovjeka i dio je njegova života. Pitanje smrti je kompleksno pitanje koje zahvaća svakog čovjeka te, na razini antropološke strukture, prati kroz cijeli život. Razlika između čovjekove i smrti drugih živih bića očituje se u svijesti koja je prisutna kod čovjeka. Sama prisutnost svijesti kod čovjeka nameće i drugu problematiku; strah od smrti, tugovanje za voljenom osobom, osamljenost i očajavanje za životom koji ostavljamo nakon smrti. Smrt je tematika kojom su se bavili i antički filozofi, a prisutna je sve do danas. Uzrok samoubojstva i moment spoznaje apsurda u kojem se pojedinac nalazi su jedni od sastavnice života koje ga čine ne toliko poželjnim, ali ne manje važnim za promatranje. Sagledavanje vlastitog života prije odlaska u beskonačno, bilo to svojevoljno ili ne, obilježje je čovjeka i njegova vječnog propitkivanja o nepoznatom i nedostižnom.Death forms the main component of human being and it is part of his life. The question of death is a complex question that affectes every human being and, at the level of anthropologial structure, follows him throughout his life. The difference between the death of man and other living beings is distinguished in the consciousness that is present in man. The very presence of consciousness in man raises another problem. Fear of death, grieving for a loved one, loneliness and despair for the life we leave after death. Death is a topic dealt with by ancient philosophers, and it continues to this day. The cause of suicide and the moment of realization of the absurd in which the individual finds himself are one of the components of life that make it not so desirable, but not less important for observation. Looking at one's own life before going into the infinite, whether it willfully or not, is a characteristic of man and his eternal questioning about the unknown and unattainable
Playing and Singing in Classroom
No full textTema ovog diplomskog rada je “Sviranje i pjevanje u razrednoj nastavi”. Sviranje i pjevanje su područja nastave glazbene kulture i od velike su važnosti za provođenje kvalitetnog i kreativnog sata nastave Glazbene kulture. Veliki broj učitelja izostavi nastavno područje sviranja, no ono je u podjednakoj mjeri važno kao i područje pjevanja. Idealno je kombinirati oba područja. Potrebno je imati u razredu barem manji broj glazbenih instrumenata koje učenici mogu koristiti pri obradi pjesmica. Potrebno je prepoznati na kojoj je razini djetetov glazbeni sluh i težiti razvoju opsega njegova glasa. Učitelj bi trebao imati okvirnu sliku o glazbenim mogućnostima djece u razredu kako bi znao na koji način treba raditi sa svakim pojedinim učenikom i koji učenik ima problema pri svladavanju novih sadržaja.The theme of this thesis is "Playing and singing in Classroom". Playing and singing are areas of music education and are of great importance for conducting a high-quality and creative lesson in Music education. A large number of teachers leave out the teaching area of playing, but it is equally important as the area of singing. It is ideal to combine both areas. It is necessary to have at least a small number of musical instruments in the class that students can use when processing songs. It is necessary to recognize at what level the child's musical hearing is and strive to develop the range of his voice. The teacher should have a rough picture of the musical abilities of the children in the class in order to know how to work with each individual student and which student has problems mastering new content
Identification of key assumptions for the implementation of educational inclusion of children with disabilities in institutions for early and preschool education
No full textPrava djece definirana su 1948. godine Konvencijom Ujedinjenih naroda o pravima djece. Time započinje novo suvremeno doba kada se intenzivno promišlja o položaju svakog djeteta i njihovim temeljnim pravom na obrazovanje. Zaštita i pravo na obrazovanje djece s teškoćama definirano je Konvencijom o pravima osoba s invaliditetom 2006. godine. Program Ujedinjenih naroda za održivi razvoja svijeta (Agenda 30, 2015) obvezala je države potpisnice u realizaciji uključenosti sve djece u odgoj i obrazovanje od najranijeg uzrasta. Odgoj i obrazovanje za održivo društvo definira inkluziju djece s teškoćama kao način ostvarivanja njihovih temeljnih prava na kvalitetno obrazovanje od najranijeg uzrasta. Odgovornost obrazovne politike usmjerena je istraživanju mogućnosti definiranja inkluzivne kulture i prakse u radu s djecom s teškoćama unutar ustanova za rani i predškolski odgoj i obrazovanje. Republika Hrvatska usmjerila je svoje strateške ciljeve načinu realizacije inkluzije djece s teškoćama u skladu s obvezujućim međunarodnim dokumentima Ujedinjenih naroda i Europske unije. Odgojno- obrazovna inkluzija djece s teškoćama zahtjeva uključivanje sve djece u ustanove za rani i predškolski odgoj i obrazovanje bez obzira na njihov razvojni status, kao i socijalnu, etničku, jezičnu i bilo koju drugu osobitost. Rad s djecom s teškoćama treba biti ostvaren u skladu s Nacionalnim kurikulumom za rani i predškolski odgoj i obrazovanje usmjerenim potrebama i mogućnostima svakog djeteta, uvažavajući stupanj njihove teškoće. Kvalitetna inkluzivna kultura i praksa omogućava da se svako dijete osjeća prihvaćenim i motiviranim. Ključne pretpostavke za provedbu inkluzije djece s teškoćama su pozitivni stavovi odgojitelja. Istraživanje provedeno ovim radom pokazuje da su stavovi odgojitelja u Republici Hrvatskoj pozitivno usmjereni dobrobiti inkluzije. Vide značaj inkluzivne i vršnjačke podrške u radu s djecom s teškoćama, te inkluzija im je izazov u radu. Stavovi odgojitelja pokazuju i zahtjevnost inkluzivnog rada s djecom s teškoćama. Programske pretpostavke za ostvarivanje inkluzije značajno su povezane s razvojem osobnih i profesionalnih kompetencija odgojitelja i njihovom unutarnjom motivacijom za promišljanje odgojno-obrazovne prakse. Oni koji se usavršavaju više iz područja rada s djecom s teškoćama imaju više izražene pozitivne stavove o svojoj kompetenciji od ostalih odgojitelja, inkluziju vide kao veću dobrobiti u radu s djecom s teškoćama, imaju pozitivnije stavove o inkluzivnoj podršci djeci s teškoćama i sebe smatraju otvorenijim za nova iskustva. Istraživanje pokazuje pozitivne stavove odgojitelja usmjerenih usavršavanju iz područja ostalih kompetencija, učenju i razvoju vještina i izvan područja ranog i predškolskog odgoja i obrazovanja. Uključenost u različite oblike stručnog usavršavanja potvrđuje tendenciju usmjerenosti odgojitelja cjeloživotnom učenju. U Republici Hrvatskoj oni sebe vrednuju kao otvorene za nova iskustva, savjesne u radu s djecom s teškoćama, otvorene za interakciju s okolinom. Odgojitelji koji su uključeni u zajednicu imaju pozitivnije stavove prema inkluziji djece s teškoćama od ostalih. Istraživanje pokazuje da su odgojitelji u Republici Hrvatskoj pozitivno usmjereni ciljevima odgoja i obrazovanja za održivi razvoj. Nadalje ističu značaj razvoja kompetencija, cjeloživotnog učenja, poticanje dobrobiti i vrijednosti inkluzije te otvorenost prema zajednici. Za odgojno-obrazovnu inkluziju djece s teškoćama i adekvatnu skrb potrebno je osigurati kvalitetnije uvjete rada odgojiteljima i omogućiti svakom djetetu pravo na kvalitetnu uključenost u ustanove za rani i predškolski odgoja i obrazovanje.Children's rights were defined in 1948 by the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child. This marks the beginning of a new modern era, when intensive consideration is given to the position of each child and their fundamental right to education. The protection and right to education of children with disabilities is defined by the 2006 Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. The United Nations Program for the Sustainable Development of the World (Agenda 30, 2015) obliged the signatory countries to implement the inclusion of all children in upbringing and education from the earliest age. Upbringing and education for a sustainable society defines the inclusion of children with disabilities as a way of realizing their fundamental rights to quality education from an early age. The responsibility of the educational policy is aimed at researching the possibility of defining an inclusive culture and practice in working with children with disabilities within institutions for early and preschool education. The Republic of Croatia has focused its strategic goals on the implementation of the inclusion of children with disabilities in accordance with the binding international documents of the United Nations and the European Union. Educational inclusion of children with disabilities requires the inclusion of all children in institutions for early and preschool upbringing and education, regardless of their developmental status, as well as social, ethnic, linguistic and any other particularity. Work with children with disabilities should be in accordance with the National Curriculum for Early and Pre-School Education and Education focused on the needs and capabilities of each child, taking into account the degree of their disabilities. Inclusive culture and practice is aimed at the benefit of inclusion so that every child feels accepted and motivated. The key prerequisites for implementing the inclusion of children with disabilities are the positive attitudes of educators. The research carried out in this work shows that the attitudes of educators in the Republic of Croatia are positively focused on the benefits of inclusion in working with children with disabilities, inclusive support for children with disabilities, peer support in working with children with disabilities, and they see inclusion as a challenge in their work. The educators' attitudes also show the demands of inclusive work with children with disabilities. Program prerequisites for achieving inclusion are significantly related to the development of personal and professional competences of educators and their internal motivation to reflect on educational practice. Educators who are trained more in the field of working with children with disabilities have more pronounced positive attitudes about their competence than other educators, they see inclusion as a greater benefit in working withchildren with disabilities, they have more positive attitudes about inclusive support for children with disabilities, and they consider themselves more open to new experiences. The research shows the positive attitudes of educators focused on improvement in the field of other competencies, learning and skill development outside the field of early and preschool education. Involvement in various forms of professional development confirms the tendency of educators to lifelong learning. Educators in the Republic of Croatia value themselves as open to new experiences, conscientious in working with children with difficulties, open to interaction with the environment. Educators who are involved in the community have more positive attitudes towards the inclusion of children with disabilities than other educators. The research shows that educators in the Republic of Croatia are positively focused on the goals of education for sustainable development. Educators emphasize the importance of competence development, lifelong learning, encouraging well-being and the value of inclusion and openness to the community. For the educational inclusion of children with disabilities and adequate care, it is necessary to ensure better working conditions for educators and to enable every child the right to quality inclusion in institutions for early and preschool education