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Erotska književnost u prijevodu: Delta Venere Anaïs Nin
No full textThis thesis explores the translation of erotic literature through a case study of Anaïs Nin’s six short stories from the collection, Delta of Venus. The focus is on the author’s need to adapt her writing style in response to the demands of a collector who sought raw and explicit narratives. This paper examines Nin’s experience, the reasons why she began writing this collection in the first place, such as her financial incentives, and her poetic literary style that she had to adapt in order to meet the collector’s demands. Therefore, this research aims to compare and contrast the author’s adaptation with the censorship faced by translated and written literary works. The thesis also delves into the theory of literary translation, specifically within the context of erotic literature, as well as the complex questions and problems associated with culture, censorship and ideology. Furthermore, it examines the ideologies and standpoints of translators when faced with works that may contradict their personal beliefs.Ovaj diplomski rad bavi se prijevodom erotske književnosti kroz analizu šest kratkih priča Anaïs Nin iz zbirke Delta of Venus. Fokus rada je na potrebi autorice da prilagodi svoj poetičan stil pisanja kao odgovor na zahtjeve kolekcionara koji je tražio sirove i eksplicitne narative. Ovaj rad istražuje Ninino iskustvo, razloge zbog kojih je započela s pisanjem ove zbirke erotskih kratkih priča te njen poetičan književni stil koji je morala prilagoditi kako bi udovoljila zahtjevima kolekcionara. Štoviše, ovo istraživanje ima za cilj usporediti i kontrastirati Nininu adaptaciju s cenzurom s kojom se suočavaju prevedena i pisana književna djela.Ovaj rad također istražuje teoriju književnog prijevoda, posebno u kontekstu erotske književnosti, te kompleksna pitanja i problematiku povezanu s kulturom, cenzurom i ideologijom. Naposljetku, istražuje ideologije i stajališta prevoditelja kada se suoče s djelima koja mogu proturječiti njihovim osobnim uvjerenjima
A Contrastive Analysis of Use and Attitudes Towards the Sardinian Language: The Case of University Students from Cagliari and Nuoro
No full textL'obiettivo di questa tesi è l'analisi contrastiva dell’uso e degli atteggiamenti degli studenti di Cagliari e Nuoro nei confronti della lingua sarda. Tutti gli intervistati sono studenti dell’Università di Cagliari. L'età degli intervistati è compresa tra i 18 ei 30 anni. Tutti gli intervistati e i loro genitori hanno trascorso la maggioranza della loro vita a Cagliari e Nuoro, rispettivamente. Il questionario strutturato è stato pubblicato nei gruppi Facebook delle facoltà dell'Università degli Studi di Cagliari. Il questionario tendeva ad analizzare l'uso dell'italiano e del sardo, il livello di conoscenza attiva e passiva orale e scritta della lingua sarda, l'uso della lingua sarda in domini informali (come famiglia, amici) e formali (come lavoro, università, con gli sconosciuti), atteggiamenti (positivi e negativi) nei confronti della lingua sarda. Inoltre, nel questionario si analizzava in quale misura gli intervistati si sentono sardi e in quale misura italiani, quanto è importante la lingua sarda per la loro identità di sardi, se gli intervistati pensano che la lingua sarda sopravviverà e cosa occorre fare affinché la lingua sarda sopravviva e sia trasmessa alle generazioni future.Cilj ovog diplomskog rada je kontrastivna analiza upotrebe i stavova studenata iz Cagliarija i Nuora prema sardskom jeziku. Svi ispitanici studiraju na Sveučilištu u Cagliariju. Dob ispitanika između je 18 i 30 g. Svi ispitanici i njihovi roditelji većinu života proveli su u Cagliariju, odnosno Nuoru. Strukturirani uputnik objavljen je u Facebook grupama fakulteta sastavnica Sveučilišta u Cagliariju. Upitnikom su ispitivani upotreba talijanskog i sardskog jezika, stupanj aktivnog i pasivnog usmenog i pismenog znanja sardskog jezika, upotreba sardskog jezika u neformalnim krugovima (kao što su obitelj, prijatelji) te formalnima (posao, fakultet, neznanci), stavovi (pozitivni i negativni) prema sardskom jeziku. Nadalje, upitnikom se ispitivalo u kolikoj se mjeri ispitanici osjećaju Sardincima, a u kolikoj Talijanima, koliko je sardski jezik bitan za njihov identitet kao Sardinaca, smatraju li ispitanici da će sardski jezik preživjeti i što je potrebno učiniti da bi sardski jezik preživio te se prenosio budućim naraštajima.The aim of this thesis is a contrastive analysis of use and attitudes towards the Sardinian language of students from Cagliari and Nuoro. All of the respondents study at the University of Cagliari. The ages of the respondents range from 18 to 30 years. All of the respondents and their parents haved lived most of their lives in Cagliari and Nuoro, respectively. The structured questionnaire was published in the Facebook groups of the faculties of the University of Cagliari. The questionnaire examined the use of the Italian and Sardinian language, the degree of active and passive oral and written knowledge of the Sardinian language, the use of the Sardinian language in informal circles (such as family, friends) and formal circles (work, college, strangers), attitudes (positive and negative) towards the Sardinian language. Furthermore, the questionnaire analysed to what extent the respondents feel Sardinians, and to what extent Italians, how important the Sardinian language is for their identity as Sardinians, whether the respondents think that the Sardinian language will survive and what needs to be done in order for the Sardinian language to survive and be passed down through generations
Cyberbullying and deviant behaviour
No full textOvaj rad proučava i pregledava moderni i relevantni problem cyberbullyinga kroz sociološku perspektivu. Prikazuje se važnost istraživanja ovog problema u današnjem društvu, jer se cyberbullying smatra globalnim problemom. U radu se definiraju pojmovi kao što su vršnjačko nasilje i cyberbullying, te se dodatno karakteriziraju. Preciznije, otkrivaju se pojedinosti cyberbullyinga kao što su odnos počinitelja i žrtve, te se spominju i različite kategorije na koje se cyber nasilje dijeli. Sociološke teorije devijantnog ponašanja su također bitan temelj koji nam pomaže dodatno razumjeti fenomen online nasilja. Teorije devijantnosti koje su razvili sociolozi poput Edwina Lemerta, Roberta Kinga Mertona i drugih spomenutih u radu, daju nam povijesne korijene ovog načina ponašanja koje se može povezati sa online nasiljem danas.In this paper, the modern and relevant problem of cyberbullying is looked at through a sociological perspective. The importance of researching this topic in today's society is displayed, as cyberbullying is considered to be a global issue. Concepts such as peer bullying and cyberbullying are defined and further explored. More specifically, cyberbullying characteristics such as the relationship between the bully and the victim, and the different categorizations of cyberbullying are disclosed in the paper. Sociological theories of deviant behaviour are also an important aspect which helps us further understand the phenomenon of cyberbullying. Theories of deviance constructed by sociologists such as Edwin Lemert, Robert King Merton and others mentioned in this paper provide us with historical roots of this type of behaviour, which can be directly linked with online harassment today
The demonstrative determiner and its translations in French and Croatian: from the bi- to three-dimensionality
No full textDans le mémoire, on explore la traduction des démonstratifs en croate, avec une attention particulière portée aux équivalents dans chaque langue. En français, les déterminants jouent un rôle important dans la réalisation d’un nom, alors qu’en croate, le concept de déterminant n’est pas clairement défini. Ce rôle est souvent assuré par des moyens alternatifs ou des mots qui sont eux-mêmes suffisamment explicites ou conformes à la culture de la langue. En explorant les démonstratifs, des différences notables dans la manière dont chaque langue exprime la proximité ou l’éloignement d’un objet ou d’un être par rapport au locuteur et à l’interlocuteur, sont mises en lumière. Alors que le français, comme l’anglais, distinguent principalement entre proximité et éloignement, le croate va plus loin en offrant trois dimensions : pour exprimer la proximité par rapport au locuteur, à l’interlocuteur ou l’éloignement par rapport aux deux. On a utilisé un corpus parallèle trilingue composé des quatre premiers romans de la série de Harry Potter afin de clairement identifier les équivalents entre trois langues sur la base d’exemples. Dans certains cas, il a été nécessaire de mettre la langue traduite, le français, comme le point de départ, car les formes de démonstratifs en français ne s’utilisent pas en anglais. En changeant la langue source, on a cherché à voir ce qui se produit dans la langue d’origine à la place des démonstratifs. De plus, la troisième dimension des démonstratifs ne se retrouve dans aucun cas de traduction, donc le croate a également été pris comme la langue de départ pour observer les formes qui apparaissent à la place de cette forme en français et en anglais. Pour certains démonstratifs, aucun équivalent n’a été trouvé, que ce soit en raison de différences culturelles, de spécificités linguistiques et de normes de la langue, soit en raison de la liberté créative et de l’interprétation du traducteur. En somme, bien que des parallèles puissent être établis entre les langues, les différences entre le français et le croate mettent en évidence la complexité de la traduction des démonstratifs, compte tenu des spécificités linguistiques et culturelles.Rad istražuje prijevod demonstrativa na hrvatski jezik, s posebnim osvrtom na ekvivalente u svakom jeziku. U francuskom jeziku, determinanti imaju ključnu ulogu u ostvarenju imenice, dok u hrvatskom koncept determinanata nije jednako jasno definiran. Ta je uloga često ispunjena alternativnim sredstvima ili riječima koje su same po sebi dovoljno eksplicitne te odgovaraju kulturi jezika. Istražujući demonstrative, ističu se značajne razlike u načinu na koji svaki jezik izražava blizinu ili udaljenost objekta ili bića u odnosu na sugovornike. Dok francuski, kao i engleski, uglavnom razlikuje blizinu i udaljenost, hrvatski ide dalje nudeći tri dimenzije: za izražavanje blizine u odnosu na govornika, u odnosu na sugovornika ili udaljenosti od oboje. Istraživanje koristi paralelni trojezični korpus sastavljen od prva četiri romana serije Harry Potter kako bi se na temelju primjera jasno otkrili ekvivalenti među trima jezicima. U pojedinim slučajevima, bilo je potrebno staviti prevedeni jezik francuski kao polazni radi toga što se oblici demonstrativa u francuskom ne pojavljuju i u engleskom te se promjenom polaznog jezika pokušalo vidjeti što se u originalu javlja umjesto demonstrativa. Također, treća dimenzija demonstrativa nije se našla ni u kojem slučaju prijevoda pa smo i hrvatski uzeli kao polazni jezik da bi se vidjele forme koje se umjesto tog oblika javljaju u francuskom jeziku i u engleskom. Za neke demonstrative nisu pronađeni ekvivalenti, bilo zbog kulturnih razlika, jezičnih specifičnosti te normi jezika, bilo zbog kreativne slobode i interpretacije prevoditelja. Sve u svemu, iako se paralele između jezika mogu povući, razlike između francuskog i hrvatskog jezika ističu složenost prevođenja demonstrativa s obzirom na jezične i kulturne specifičnosti.The study explores the translation of demonstratives into Croatian, with a special emphasis on equivalents in each language. In the French language, determinants pay a key role in realizing a nous, whereas in Croatian the concept of determinants is not clearly defined. This role is often fulfilled by alternative means or words that are explicit enough by themselves and adhere to the language culture. Exploring demonstratives, significant differences in how each language expresses proximity or distance of an object or being in relation to interlocutors are highlighted. While French, like English, mainly distinguishes between proximity and distance, Croatian goes further by offering three dimensions: expressing proximity to the speaker, to the interlocutor, or distance from both. The research employs a parallel trilingual corpus composed of the first four novels of the Harry Potter series in order to clearly identify equivalents among the three languages based on examples. In some cases, it was necessary to put the translated French language as the starting point because the forms of demonstratives in French do not appear in English, and by changing the starting language, an attempt was made to see what appears in the original language instead of demonstratives. Also, the third dimension of demonstratives was not found in any translation case, so Croatian was also taken as the starting language to see the forms that appear instead of this form in the French and English languages. For some demonstratives, no equivalents were found, either due to cultural differences, language specifics, and language norms, or due to the creative freedom and interpretation of the translator. All in all, although parallels between the languages can be drawn, differences between French, English, and Croatian underline the complexity of translating demonstratives, considering linguistics and cultural specifics
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the incidence and outcomes of the treatment of acute appendicitis in the Department of abdominal surgery, Zadar General Hospital
No full textUvod: Akutna upala crvuljka najčešći je kirurški uzrok bolova u trbuhu kako kod odraslih tako i u djece. Endogena je upala uzrokovana opstrukcijom lumena crvuljka fecesom ili stranim tijelom te je čest hitan kirurški slučaj. Pandemija COVID-19 snažno je utjecala na svaki aspekt čovjekovog života, pa tako i na kirurške usluge i samu kirurgiju. Cilj: Utvrditi utjecaj pandemije COVID-19 na incidenciju akutne upale crvuljka za razdoblje 2019. godine prije pandemije i 2020. godine tijekom pandemije. Metode: U istraživanje su uključeni podatci prijeoperacijske obrade bolesnika s bolovima u trbuhu primljenih preko Objedinjenog hitnog bolničkog prijema (OHBP) na Odjel kirurgije Opće bolnice Zadar u jednomjesečnom razdoblju 2019. godine i u istom razdoblju 2020. godine. Svaki bolesnik zaprimljen je na OHBP postupkom trijažiranja ovisno o uputnoj radnoj medicinskoj dijagnozi i procijenjenom stupnju hitnoće. Prikupljeni su demografski podatci, podatci prijeoperacijske obrade, podatci o intraoperacijskom kirurškom nalazu, poslijeoperacijskom praćenju, te patohistološki nalaz i COVID status za 131 ispitanika. U našoj analizi se primarno promatraju bolesnici koji su imali akutnu upalu crvuljka (apendicitis), odnosno ukupno 67 ispitanika. Rezultati: U našem istraživanju postavili smo sedam hipoteza. Broj pacijenata s bolovima u trbuhu, učestalost akutne upale crvuljka, uznapredovalost stadija upale po dolasku u OHBP, učestalost kompliciranog apendicitisa, vrijeme od početka simptoma te duljina hospitalizacije nisu se razlikovale u zadanom vremenskom periodu. Prema dobivenim rezultatima odbacili smo navedenih šest hipoteza jer nije bilo značajne razlike između jednomjesečnog razdoblja u 2019. te istog mjeseca u 2020. godini. Potvrđena je hipoteza kako su pacijenti u 2020. godini imali više komplikacija u odnosu na 2019., iako je uzorak pacijenata premali te to možemo uzeti kao nedostatak našeg istraživanja. Zaključak: Prema dobivenim rezultatima našeg istraživanja, broj bolesnika s apendicitisom bio je podjednak tijekom 2019. i 2020. godine, iz čega zaključujemo da pandemija ne pospješuje, niti ne suzbija pojavu upale crvuljka te da takvo stanje samo po sebi zahtjeva hitno zbrinjavanje bez obzira na postojanje pandemije.Background: Acute appendicitis is the most common surgical cause of abdominal pain in adults and children. Endogenous inflammation is caused by obstruction of the lumen of the appendix with feces or a foreign body and is a frequent surgical emergency. The COVID-19 pandemic has strongly affected every aspect of human life, including surgical services and surgery. Aim: To determine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the incidence of acute appendicitis in 2019 before the pandemic and in 2020 during the pandemic. Methods: The research includes data on the preoperative assessment of patients with abdominal pain admitted through the Emergency Department (ED) to the Department of Surgery of the Zadar General Hospital in one month of 2019 and the same period of 2020. Each patient was admitted to the ED through a triage procedure depending on the referring working medical diagnosis and the estimated degree of urgency. Demographic data, pre-operative data, intraoperative surgical findings and follow-up, histopathology report, and COVID status were collected for 131 patients. However, a total of 67 patients with acute appendicitis were included in the further analysis. Results: In our research, we set seven hypotheses. The number of patients with abdominal pain, the frequency of acute inflammation of the appendix, the advanced stage of inflammation upon arrival at the Emergency Department, the frequency of complicated appendicitis, the time since the onset of symptoms, and the length of stay after surgery was not significantly different in the given time period. According to the obtained results, we rejected the mentioned six hypotheses because there were no significant differences between the one-month period in 2019 and the same month in 2020. The hypothesis that patients in 2020 had more complications compared to 2019 was confirmed, although the sample of patients is too small and we can take this as a weakness of our research. Conclusion: According to the results of our research, the number of patients with appendicitis was equal in 2019 and 2020, from which we conclude that the pandemic does not promote or suppress the occurrence of appendicitis, and that such a condition in itself requires urgent care, regardless of a pandemic
Anthropocene, precarity, affective politics: Banija Earthquake
No full textU okviru rada istražuju se društveno-kulturne posljedice potresa, koji je pogodio Banovinu i Sisačko-moslavačku županiju u prosincu 2020.godine, ali i fenomena koji su mu prethodili, reproducirali se u istom vremenskom kontinuumu. Teorijsko polazište rada bazirano je na diskurzivnoj teoriji i analizi Michael Foucaulta, koji diskurs promatra kao grupu iskaza koji strukturiraju način na koji je stvar mišljena i kako ljudski subjekti djeluju na temelju toga. Otvarajući epistemološka i ontološka pitanja sadašnjice kroz koncept antropocena, adresiram povezanost i isprepletenost diskursa te povijesnih procesa koji reproduciraju odnose moći u društvu i samim time podložnost negativnim utjecajima prirodnih katastrofa i opasnosti. Istražuje se utjecaj diskurzivnih formacija na zajednicu, kako su reprezentirane i reproducirane te kakve afekte stvaraju. Rad se bavi istraživanjem emocija/afekata, atmosfere i diskursa koji omogućuju dublje prodiranje u problematiku nesigurnosti života. Svrha rada je ukazati na izvore nesigurnosti odnosno prekarnosti života, kako na makrorazini terena, tako i na makrorazini međupovezanog svijeta. Rad je baziran na temeljnim antropološkim metodama i širokom rasponu građe, od svakodnevnog življenog iskustva i sudjelovanja s promatranjem, do analize medijskih reprezentacija potresa, njegovih reperkusija i potresnih iskustava sugovornika. Rad je nastao kao kolaboracija civilnog društva, udruga, pojedinaca, kolektiva i malih ljudi tvrdoglave nade.In this work, the socio-cultural consequences of the earthquake, which hit Banovina and SisakMoslavina counties in December 2020, are investigated, as well as the phenomena that preceded it and reproduced in the same time continuum. The theoretical starting point of the work is based on the discursive theory and analysis of Michael Foucault, who views discourse as a group of statements that structure the way a thing is thought and how human subjects act based on it. Opening the epistemological and ontological questions of the present through the concept of the anthropocene, I address the connection and intertwining of discourses and historical processes that reproduce power relations in society and thus susceptibility to the negative impacts of natural dangers and disasters. The influence of discursive formations on the community, how they are represented and reproduced and what kind of effects they create, is investigated. The work deals with the research of emotions/affects, atmosphere and discourse that enable a deeper penetration into the issue of life's insecurity. The purpose of the work is to point out the sources of insecurity or the precariousness of life, both at the local terrain level and in the broader interconnected global context. The work is based on fundamental anthropological methods and a wide range of materials, from daily lived experience and participation with observation, to the analysis of media representations of the earthquake, its repercussions, and the earthquake experiences of the interlocutors. The work is created as a collaboration of civil society, associations, individuals and groups embodying resilient hope
Philosophical and theological reflection on the moral behavior of the human person
No full textOvaj diplomski rad donio je filozofsko-teološki prikaz ljudske osobe i njene moralnosti. Za početak istaknuo je čovjekovo dostojanstvo i karakteristike koje ga izdižu iznad životinjskog svijeta, a zatim nezaobilaznu specifičnost čovjeka kao slike Božje. Također prikazao je odnos razumske duše prema svim stvorenjima Božjim i prema samome Bogu. Nadalje, istaknuo je dimenziju ljudske odgovornosti, koju povezuje s moralnim djelovanjem i etikom. Diplomski rad je prikazao deontološku etiku, te opisao bitnost moralno dobrog i moralno ispravnog djelovanja. Zatim, razradio je pitanje savjesti u svjetlu nauka Tome Akvinskog i Immanuela Kanta, te se dotaknuo aretaičke etike kreposti. Objasnio je razne etičke sustave, odnosno konzekvencijalizam, utilitarizam, etički i psihološki egoizam, etiku situacije, etički i subjektivni relativizam, etiku Drugoga, te kršćansku etiku. Nadovezujući se na kršćansko poimanje moralnosti, obradio je pitanje starozavjetnog i novozavjetnog morala, kao i potrebu djelovanja u skladu s kršćanskim moralom. Nadalje, rad je donio jedan pregled suvremenog moralnog djelovanja čovjeka kao posljedicu moderne i postmoderne perspektive. Na koncu, rad se okrenuo poziciji kršćanstva i moralnosti samih kršćana u današnjem svijetu, te razlici moralnog djelovanja autentičnih kršćana i materijalističkih ateista.This graduate study brought a philosophical-theological view of the human and it's morality. To begin with, it emphasized man's dignity and characteristics that elevate him above the animal world, and afterwards the unavoidable specificity of the human as an image of God. Also it showed relation of rational soul towards all God's creatures and towards God himself. Furthermore, it pointed out dimension of human responsibility, which is related to moral actions and ethics. The thesis presented deontological ethics and described the importance of a morally good and morally proper act. Then, it elaborated on the question of conscience in the world of the studies of Thomas Aquinas and Immanuel Kant, and touched on the Aretaic ethic virtues. It explained various ethical systems, that is namely consequentialism, utilitarianism, ethical and psychological egoism, situational ethics, ethical and subjectivist relativism, ethics of the Others and Christian ethics. Following up on the Christian concept of morality, it processed the principles of Old Testament and New Testament morality, as well as the need to act in accordance with Christian morality. Furthermore, this study provided an overview of the contemporary moral impact as a consequence of the modern and postmodern perspective. In the end, study turned the position of Christianity and the morality of the Christians alone in today's world and the moral difference between authentic Christians and materialistic atheists
Language, identity and disparity: perception of Croatian language varieties among high school students in Split
No full textJezik se neprestano mijenja, a jezične promjene dovode do jezične raznolikosti koja pokatkad može rezultirati društvenim nejednakostima. U većini je jezika takvo što vidljivo na primjeru standardnoga varijeteta koji se nerijetko smatra ispravnijim i boljim od nestandardnih varijeteta. Ipak, taj se fenomen ne mora nužno vezati uz standard, već uz svaki govor koji ne predstavlja simbol identifikacije s određenom grupom, što je univerzalna karakteristika mnogih društava, prisutna još od pamtivijeka i vezana uz percepciju koju automatski imamo o drugim ljudima i društvenim odnosima. U kontekstu hrvatskog jezika koji obiluje iznimnim dijalekatskim bogatstvom, zanimljivo je promatrati percepciju govornika različitim varijetetima, uključujući i standardni s ciljem utvrđivanja načina na koji percepcija o jeziku utječe na ponašanje prema govornicima. Stoga sam provela istraživanje opisano u ovome radu, ograničavajući se na područje grada Splita kao najvećeg urbanog središta Dalmacije od Zadra do juga Hrvatske, gdje se ovakav tip istraživanja do sada nije provodio, bez obzira na to što je riječ o drugome najvećem hrvatskome gradu čiji je urbanolekt ima priličan društveni prestiž. Ciljevi istraživanja su indirektnom metodom ispitati stavove splitskih srednjoškolaca o splitskom lokalnom govoru, govoru Dalmatinske zagore, zagrebačkom govoru i standardnom varijetetu hrvatskog jezika te utvrditi utječu li spol, podrijetlo i obrazovanje na stavove ispitanika. Odabir jezičnih varijeteta prema kojima sam ispitivala stavove temeljila sam na zapažanjima o jezičnom prestižu varijeteta velikih gradova. Rezultati istraživanja su potvrdili, odnosno odbacili određeni broj hipoteza koje sam predviđala oslanjajući se na dosadašnje spoznaje u ispitivanom području. Naime, ispitanici su iskazivali pozitivnije stavove u vidu statusa i kompetentnosti prema standardnom varijetetu hrvatskog jezika nego prema govoru Zagreba i Dalmatinske zagore, no nije bilo statistički značajne razlike u iskazanim stavovima prema standardu i splitskom govoru. Nadalje, ispitanici su iskazivali pozitivnije stavove o splitskom lokalnom govoru nego o zagrebačkom govoru i govoru Dalmatinske zagore bez obzira na porijeklo i na kategoriju osobina. Osim toga, ispitanice imale pozitivniji stav o standardnom varijetetu u kategoriji solidarnosti nego što su to imali ispitanici, a statistički značajna razlika u iskazanim stavovima s obzirom na srednjoškolski smjer i obrazovanje roditelja nije pronađena. Najispravnije percipirani varijetet je standardni, dok je splitski govor percipiran kao društveno najprivlačniji.Languages are constantly evolving and, consequently, language changes lead to linguistic diversity, which can sometimes result in social inequalities. In most languages, this can be seen through the example of the standard variety, which is often considered to be more correct and better than nonstandard varieties. However, this phenomenon is not necessarily linked to a standard, but to any variety that does not represent a symbol of identification with a certain group. This is a universal characteristic of many societies, present since time immemorial and linked to our social relationships and automatic perception of others. In the context of the Croatian language, which abounds in dialects, it is interesting to observe the way speakers perceive different varieties, including Standard, to determine how the perception of languages affects behaviour towards speakers. I have therefore carried out the research presented in this paper, focusing on the area of the city of Split as the largest urban centre in Dalmatian Zadar in southern Croatia, where this type of research has not been carried out to date, even though the latter is the second largest Croatian city with an urbanolect of considerable social prestige. The research aims are to use an indirect method to examine the attitudes of high school students in Split towards the variety spoken in Split, the variety spoken in Dalmatian Hinterland, the variety spoken in Zagreb and the standard variety of Croatian language, as well as to determine whether gender, origin and education influence respondents' attitudes. The selection of the language varieties towards which I examined attitudes was based on observations concerning the linguistic prestige of the varieties of the major Croatian cities. The results of the research confirmed or refuted the hypotheses that I had predicted based on previous research in the field. Namely, respondents expressed more positive attitudes in terms of status and proficiency towards the standard variety of Croatian language than towards the variety spoken in Zagreb and in Dalmatian Hinterland, but there was no statistically significant difference in the attitudes expressed towards the standard variety of language and the one spoken in Split. In addition, respondents expressed more positive attitudes towards the variety spoken in Split than towards the one spoken in Zagreb and in Dalmatian Hinterland, regardless of the origin of the respondents and the category of characteristics. Furthermore, female respondents have a more positive attitude towards the standard variety of language in the solidarity category than male respondents, and no statistically significant differences in the expressed attitudes were found with regard to respondents' high school education and the education of their parents. The most correctly perceived variety is the standard variety of language, while the variety spoken in Split is perceived as the most socially attractive one
The influence of dramatic play on the development of children of early and preschool age in kindergartens
No full textOdgoj i obrazovanje za umjetnost odnosi se na odgoj i obrazovanje usmjereno na razumijevanje, prihvaćanje i bavljenje umjetnošću. To uključuje umjetničke škole, učilišta, kulturne centre, kazališta i muzeje. S druge strane, odgoj i obrazovanje putem umjetnosti je oblik iskustvenog poučavanja koji uključuje korištenje umjetničkih sadržaja i aktivnosti za učenje različitih odgojno-obrazovnih sadržaja. Pojam „drama“ i dramska umjetnost u svakodnevnoj upotrebi se najčešće poistovjećuju s kazališnom izvedbom ili činom uprizorenja predstave. Međutim, dramske aktivnosti mogu unaprijediti učenje, poticati kreativnost, potaknuti širenje osobnog potencijala, doprinijeti zdravom razvoju, a mogu služiti i kao terapija. Igra postaje dramska čim se dijete kao igrač prenosi u određene situacije, likove, pojave ili stvari pomoću riječi, pokreta, kretanja i zvukova i pokazuje uživanje u slobodnom izražavanju i spontanosti. Opsežnim pregledom postojeće literature istraživanje ima za cilj rasvijetliti različite načine na koje dramska igra može utjecati na dječji kognitivni, jezično-komunikacijski, socijalni i emocionalni razvoj i na kreativnost. Integracijom dramske igre u skupinu dječjeg vrtića odgojitelji mogu stvoriti dinamično i privlačno okruženje za učenje koje potiče vještine izvršnih funkcija, receptivne i izražajne jezične sposobnosti, pismenost, društvenost, emocionalnu inteligenciju i kreativnost kod djece. Istraživanja pokazuju da bavljenje dramskom igrom pozitivno pridonosi cjelokupnom razvoju djece.Education for the arts refers to education aimed at understanding, accepting and practicing art. This includes art schools, colleges, cultural centers, theaters and museums. On the other hand, education through art is a form of experiential teaching that includes the use of artistic content and activities for learning different educational content. The term "drama" and dramatic art in everyday use are most often identified with a theatrical performance or the act of staging a play. However, drama activities can improve learning, stimulate creativity, encourage personal growth and development, contribute to health and can also serve as therapy. By encouraging and dramatically planning a symbolic game a dramatic play is realized. The play becomes dramatic as soon as the child as a player is transported into certain situations, characters, phenomena or things using words, movements and sounds and shows enjoyment in free expression and spontaneity. Using a comprehensive study of the existing literature, the research aims to investigate how involvement in dramatic play can positively influence a child's development in areas such as cognition, language, social skills, emotions and creativity. The study specifically focuses on young children attending kindergarten to gain insight into the importance of incorporating drama-play-based activities into early education. By implementing dramatic play in the kindergarten group educators can create a dynamic and engaging learning environment that encourages executive function skills, receptive and expressive language skills, literacy, sociability, emotional intelligence and creativity in children. Research shows that involvement in dramatic play has a beneficial impact on children's holistic development
Manoeuvring in emergency circumstances: Case study of fast shipping line in Zadar County
No full textU radu se analizira pojam manevriranja u izvanrednim okolnostima na primjeru brzobrodske linije u Zadarskoj županiji. Izvanredne okolnosti, kao što i sam naziv govori, nisu tako česte i osim kroz izvođenje vježbi koje su propisane konvencijom SOLAS, posada i zapovjednik zapravo ne mogu biti u potpunosti pripravni za sve situacije i okolnosti koje mogu nastati uslijed putovanja broda od točke polazišta do točke odredišta. Zbog toga se često na brodovima nalaze priručnici ili drugi vidovi publikacija koje pomažu zapovjedniku prilikom donošenja odluka u izvanrednim situacijama. Ovaj rad elaborira upravo na koji su način i u kojoj mjeri prisutni, nazovimo ih, sustavi i postupci manevriranja u izvanrednim okolnostima ili situacijama.The paper analyses the concept of manoeuvring in emergency circumstances using the example of a fast shipping line in Zadar County. Emergency circumstances, as the name itself suggests, are not so common and apart from performing the exercises prescribed by the SOLAS convention, the crew and master cannot actually be fully prepared for all situations and circumstances that may arise as a result of the ship's journey from the point of departure to the point of destination. For this reason, there are often manuals or other types of publications on ships that help the commander when making decisions in emergency situations. This work elaborates exactly how and to what extent the, so called, systems and procedures of manoeuvring in emergency circumstances or situations are present