“Lituanistika”, International Research Database
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Otto von Mauderode’s publications in the Wroblewski library of the Lithuanian academy of sciences
No full text2022-aisiais sukako 170 metų nuo vieno svarbiausių XIX a. lietuviškosios knygos spaustuvininkų – Oto fon Mauderodės (Otto von Mauderode, 1852–1909) – gimimo. Šia proga Lietuvos mokslų akademijos Vrublevskių bibliotekoje 2022 m. gegužės 30 – birželio 30 dienomis veikė paroda, skirta šio spaustuvininko gimimo metinėms paminėti. Joje eksponuoti Bibliotekoje saugomi leidiniai: knygos, brošiūros, periodiniai leidiniai, atsišaukimai, žemėlapiai. O. von Mauderodės spaustuvė paliko reikšmingą pėdsaką lietuviškos knygos istorijoje. Joje pasirodė beveik visi reikšmingiausi Mažosios Lietuvos lietuviški spaudiniai, taip pat apie 800 Didžiajai Lietuvai skirtų leidinių. Spaudos draudimo laikotarpiu O. von Mauderodės įmonė buvo viena pagrindinių, spausdinusių knygas lietuvių kalba lotyniškais rašmenimis (kontrafakcinius leidinius). Kaip spaustuvininko, O. von Mauderodės reikalavimai leidinių poligrafinei kokybei buvo aukšti, jis itin rūpinosi meniniu knygų apipavidalinimu. O. von Mauderodės spaudos įmonė glaudžiai bendradarbiavo su įvairiomis XX a. pradžios Lietuvos ir JAV lietuvių leidyklomis, redakcijomis ir knygynais (pavyzdžiui, Marijos Šlapelienės Vilniuje), vertėsi lietuviškų knygų prekyba, turėjo knygyną, prekiavusį ne tik savo, bet ir kitų leidėjų spaudiniais ir kt. Už įvairiapusę veiklą O. von Mauderodės firma ne kartą buvo įvertinta įvairiais apdovanojimais. Šios apžvalgos tikslas – remiantis parodoje eksponuota medžiaga, aptarti O. fon Mauderodės kelią „spaustuvininkų kunigaikščio“ įvaizdžio link ir šios spaudos įmonės produkciją, saugomą Bibliotekoje. Joje esanti kelių šimtų leidinių sankaupa liudija O. fon Mauderodės spaudos įmonės produkcijos apimtis ir aukštą jos kokybę. Esminiai žodžiai: Oto fon Mauderodė (Otto von Mauderode); spaudos istorija; spaudos produkcija; Tilžė; Mažoji Lietuva; Didžioji Lietuva; spaudos draudimas; kontrafakciniai leidiniai; periodika; Vydūnas; art nouveau; Adomas Brakas; Vincas Kudirka; Lietuvos mokslų akademijos Vrublevskių biblioteka.2022 marked the 170th birth anniversary of one of the leading 19th-century Lithuanian printers, Otto von Mauderode (1852–1909). To celebrate this occasion, the Wroblewski Library of the Lithuanian Academy of Sciences, from May 30 to June 30, 2022, ran an exhibition in his honour. The exhibits consisted of publications held by the Library: books, brochures, periodicals, proclamations, and maps. Von Mauderode’s printing house left a meaningful mark in the history of Lithuanian books. It produced almost all key Lithuanian publications of Lithuania Minor as well as about 800 publications intended for Lithuania Major. One of the main publishers printing Lithuanian books in Latin script (counterfeit publications) during the press ban, von Mauderode was known for his high standards in printing quality, especially in the artistic book design. He closely cooperated with various early-20th-century Lithuanian and American Lithuanian publishing houses, editorial offices, and bookstores (for instance, Marija Šlapelienė’s Vilnius shop) and was also involved in the trade of Lithuanian books, owning a bookstore that sold not only his own, but also other publishers’ publications. The versatile activities of von Mauderode’s firm were recognized with various awards. This paper aims to discuss von Mauderode’path towards the image of “the prince among printers” and to look into his publications kept in the Library based on the materials displayed at the exhibition. The Library’s collection of several hundred publications testifies to a broad scope of production and a high quality of published matter of von Mauderode’s firm. Keywords: Otto von Mauderode; history of printing; published matter; Tilsit; Lithuania Minor; Lithuania Major; press ban; counterfeit publications; periodicals; Vydūnas; art nouveau; Adomas Brakas; Vincas Kudirka; The Wroblewski Library of the Lithuanian Academy of Sciences
Application and challenges of Web 3.0 in smart cities
No full textCitizens are becoming more directly involved in the advancement of sustainability in smart development in areas where web 3.0 promises to transform urban cities into advanced smart cities and where ICTs are integrated in strategies for participation and co-production. This study's aim is to investigate and pinpoint the applications and difficulties in using Web 3.0 technologies in smart cities in Lithuania. A systematic questionnaire with open-ended questions was created after a thorough study in order to elicit 250 replies from citizens, managers, and online workers in Lithuania. The information gathered was examined. Our research findings in this paper offer a multidisciplinary understanding of web 3.0's applications and difficulties in smart cities, as well as insights into the chances for citizen participation in decision-making and service delivery. Future cities will likely need a stronger technological connection with smart technology, with an emphasis on the rising role of the digitally "empowered" citizen. In order to improve surroundings in web 3.0 contexts, this study examines the difficulties and applications of implementing such a futuristic idea. It will be said that although much of the technology needed to realize the vision of Web 3.0 applications in smart cities is already available, further research is still required in several important areas. Keywords: ICTs, technology, Lithuania, dificulties
Siblings as overlooked potential for care and support across households and borders
No full textThe growing numbers of Lithuanian families living across borders have prompted the reflection on family relations through the lens of the need for care and support of dependent children and elderly parents. The authors of this article expand the analysis of family lives in the migration context beyond child–parent relationships and shift the attention to understudied areas where sibling relationships are located. Sibling relationships are considered embedded within the family and the wider network of personal relationships. This article builds on the personal networks approach to examine the position of siblings in the personal networks of Lithuanian family members and draws on a toolbox of analytical concepts provided by the solidarity approach to disclose how sibling relationships could come into play in the case of need. The analysis of statistical data and two surveys carried out in Lithuania as part of the research project funded by the Research Council of Lithuania enabled the authors to uncover different layers of involvement of siblings in “doing families” across households and borders and to highlight the gendered patterns of support expectations towards siblings if/when the need of elderly or child care would arise in the migration context. The research data provide empirical evidence that sibling relationships could be affected by differentiated mobility experiences of family members and the re‐definition of family roles due to newly emerging multi‐local interactions. Cross‐border family practices create new patterns of family relationships and an “intimate, but different” type of solidarity, common to Lithuanian residents with prior migration experience. Keywords: intergenerational solidarity; migration; personal networks; siblings; support expectations; support flows; transnational families
Organizational resilience assessment in Lithuania's public sector
No full textThis study aims to examine the perspective of public sector resilience development, which is explored as a three-stage construct: Planning, Adaptation, and Enhanced Learning. We analyzed whether these three stages are equally important in developing organizational resilience in the public sector. To assess the developmental importance of the three stages of organizational resilience, this study adopted a quantitative methodology. First, expert research was conducted to analyze whether all three stages were equally important in developing organizational resilience. Second, the level of resilience of public sector organizations in Lithuania was assessed by analyzing the survey results of 401 organizations. The results revealed that according to experts, the Adaptation stage is the most important in developing resilience, while Enhanced Learning is the least important. Meanwhile, resilience assessment in the Lithuanian public sector showed that Planning and Adaptation were equally developed, while Enhanced Learning demonstrated a significantly higher score. Keywords: public sector resilience, public sector resilience assessment, organizational resilience, planning, adaptation, enhanced learning
Jesuit Konstantinas Širvydas (Konstanty Szyrwid) and the origins of Lithuanian linguistics and homiletics
No full textKonstantinas Širvydas (Sirvydas, Szyrwid; c.1580–1631), a Jesuit of great merit to Lithuanian and Polish culture, little known outside his homeland, undertook and accomplished various important tasks that the Jesuits of the Lithuanian province set themselves from the very beginning of the establishment of the Vilnius Academy. Among them was the publication of the first Polish–Latin–Lithuanian dictionary (1620) and the first compilation of original sermons in Lithuanian and Polish: Punkty kazań/ Punktai sakymų (Points for sermons) (1629, 1644). The former served the purpose of teaching Lithuanian grammar and language, the latter laid down guidelines for Lithuanian priests on how to deliver sermons. He was also one of the first Jesuit lecturers in Scripture, a dedicated course initiated by theology professors at the Vilnius Academy. Some of his lectures were made available by his student, Adam Pęski (1592–1629) in a little-known notebook. This article analyzes Pęski’s notebook as an important insight into the origins of teaching Scripture at Jesuit universities. Keywords: Jesuits; Vilnius Academy; preaching; seventeenth-century lexicography; early modern linguistics; biblical studies; early modern homiletics; Konstantinas Širvydas/Szyrwid
Revealing differences in brand loyalty and brand engagement of single or no parented young adults
No full textThe present study reveals differences in brand engagement, brand loyalty and brand evangelism among single or no parented young adults. It was found that persons who were raised without one or both parents for at least three years show higher emotional connectivity to brands compared to their counterparts from a control group. A widely recognized structural equation modelling technique—partial least squares method—has been applied in order to test the research hypotheses. Two Baltic States, namely, Lithuania and Latvia, served as an empirical basis of the study. The results of the research are relevant not only to business related disciplines, such as marketing and management, but also to other social sciences fields presuming the existence of more psychology-related differences among single or no parented persons. Keywords: Brand engagement; brand loyalty, brand evangelism; single-parented, young adolescents
[Balancing between national unity and "multiculturalism": national minorities in Lithuania and Finland 1918-1939. Kari Alenius, Saulius Kaubrys] recenzija
No full textPsychometric properties of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) across cross-cultural subgroups, genders, and sexual orientations: Findings from the International Sex Survey (ISS)
No full textIntroduction. Despite being a widely used screening questionnaire, there is no consensus on the most appropriate measurement model for the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT). Furthermore, there have been limited studies on its measurement invariance across cross-cultural subgroups, genders, and sexual orientations. Aims. The present study aimed to examine the fit of different measurement models for the AUDIT and its measurement invariance across a wide range of subgroups by country, language, gender, and sexual orientation. Methods. Responses concerning past-year alcohol use from the participants of the cross-sectional International Sex Survey were considered (N = 62,943; Mage: 32.73; SD = 12.59). Confirmatory factor analysis, as well as measurement invariance tests were performed for 21 countries, 14 languages, three genders, and four sexual-orientation subgroups that met the minimum sample size requirement for inclusion in these analyses. Results. A two-factor model with factors describing ‘alcohol use’ (items 1–3) and ‘alcohol problems’ (items 4–10) showed the best model fit across countries, languages, genders, and sexual orientations. For the former two, scalar and latent mean levels of invariance were reached considering different criteria. For gender and sexual orientation, a latent mean level of invariance was reached. Conclusions. In line with the two-factor model, the calculation of separate alcohol-use and alcohol-problem scores is recommended when using the AUDIT. The high levels of measurement invariance achieved for the AUDIT support its use in cross-cultural research, capable also of meaningful comparisons among genders and sexual orientations. Keywords: Addictive behaviors; Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT); Cross-cultural comparison; Gender; LGBTQ; Sexual orientation; Measurement invariance
From gender equality to household earnings equality: the role of women’s labour market outcomes across OECD countries
No full textWe assess the impact that full gender equality in the labour market would have on earnings inequality between households, and then decompose that impact by looking separately at the roles played by gender gaps in employment, hours, and pay. We do this by applying a reweighting method to LIS data for 22 OECD countries, across North America, Europe, and Australia. We find that full equality in earnings and employment between women and men would reduce household earnings inequality considerably, with the most substantial reductions coming from closing the gender gap in employment as opposed to closing the gaps in pay and hours worked. A 10% counterfactual decrease in the gender employment gap (relative to the country baseline) is associated with an average 0.6% decline in the Gini for household earnings inequality. Reducing the gender employment gap is thus the pathway through which greater gender equality may most strongly mitigate overall earnings inequality among households: these two key goals for contemporary societies can be pursued simultaneously. Keywords: Earnings inequality; Gender equality; Labour market; Reweighting; Counterfactuals
Trends in activity limitations from an international perspective: differential changes between age groups across 30 countries
No full textObjectives: Examine trends in limitations among young (15–39), middle-aged (40–64) and older age-groups (>=65) and their socioeconomic differences. Methods: Population-based European Social Survey data (N = 396,853) were used, covering 30 mostly European countries and spanning the time-period 2002–2018. Limitations were measured using a global activity limitations indicator. Results: Age-differential trends in limitations were found. Activity limitations generally decreased in older adults, whereas trends varied among younger and middle-aged participants, with decreasing limitations in some countries but increasing limitations in others. These age-differential trends were replicated across limitation severity and socioeconomic groups; however, stronger limitation increases occurred regarding less-severe limitations. Discussion: Functional health has improved in older adults. Contrarily, the increasing limitations in younger and middle-aged individuals seem concerning, which were mostly observed in Western and Northern European countries. Given its public health importance, future studies should investigate the reasons for this declining functional health in the young and middle-aged. Keywords: disability, functional limitations, morbidity, trends