“Lituanistika”, International Research Database
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Choices in the face of eternity according to “The Orphan” Radziwiłł's carving “The tree of human life”
No full textŽmogaus gyvenimo apmąstymas – svarbi tema Baroko dailėje. Straipsnyje aptariamas gyvybės medžio simbolis žmogaus gyvenimo, amžiaus, būties tikslo aspektais, skirtingais asmens raidos etapais ir esminiais jų lūžiais. Straipsnyje analizuojamas Mikalojaus Kristupo Radvilos Našlaitėlio sumanytas ir Nyderlandų graverio Theodooro Galle’o išraižytas grafikos lakštas – ARBOR HUMANAE VITAE (Žmogaus gyvenimo medis), kuriame išryškinami esminiai žmogaus gyvenimo tarpsniai: gimimas, gyvenimas, mirtis, laidotuvės ir atminimo įamžinimas. Šie esminiai lūžio taškai formuoja žmogaus gyvenimo teatrą, kuris apmąstomas per gyvybės medžio simboliką. Reikšminiai žodžiai: Mikalojus Kristupas Radvila Našlaitėlis, Jonas Alandas, gyvybės medis, amžius, žmogaus gyvenimas, Barokas.The aim of the article is to examine the carving ARBOR HUMANAE VITAE (“The Tree of Human Life”), conceived by Mikołaj Krzysztof “The Orphan” Radziwiłł and carved by the Antwerp engraver Theodoor Galle, from the perspective of the Christian concept of time. This study builds on my previous research published in the journal AAAV,1 which discussed the carving’s iconography, its relation to Latin texts, and the issue of authorial invention. The article aims to highlight the crucial shifts in human life emphasized in the work and the pursuit of eternity, both important for understanding the concepts of age (aevum) and eternity (aeternus) during the Baroque era. It seeks to unravel the values and concepts of human life as encoded in the carving, focusing on the personality of the nobleman Mikołaj Krzysztof “The Orphan” Radziwiłł. The article is structured into several segments: “The Two-Stemmed Tree – An Allegory of the Rich and the Poor,” “Human Life – The Quest for a Heavenly Homeland,” “Death and Funerals,” “The Grave and the Monument – The Keeper of Human Memory,” and “The Resurrection of Man and Eternal Life.” These sections explore Radziwiłł’s personality, his life choices and priorities. The discussion relies on 17th-century sources directly related to Radziwiłł, including “The Rise of the Radziwiłłs,” written for his inauguration (1604), and the funerary sermon by Jesuit Jan Aland commemorating the anniversary of his death (1617). The article attempts to connect the biographical details and personal characteristics mentioned in these texts with the copper carving, which serves as the visual document of this study. The novelty of the research lies in linking visual material with contemporary written sources, thus contextualizing the carving within the environment of the Radziwiłłs and expanding the contemplation of human life in Baroque art. Mikołaj Krzysztof “The Orphan” Radziwiłł sought to exemplify a virtuous life. Born into a wealthy family, he sought to enter the Kingdom of Heaven and secure eternal life through his virtuous deeds and acts of charity. When discussing the life of “The Orphan” Radziwiłł, the importance of his burial place emerges as a significant choice for an early 17th-century nobleman and as an important commemorative sign influenced and partially determined by the individual himself. The church of Nesvizh serves as the place of eternal memory for Mikołaj Krzysztof “The Orphan” Radziwiłł. Here, his tombstone appears to extend his life, “speaking” through its inscriptions about the temporality of life and, simultaneously, its continuity. Keywords: Mikołaj Krzysztof “The Orphan” Radziwiłł, Jan Aland, tree of life, time, age, human life, Baroque
Legendary toga of Petrus Skarga and a cloak with oriental patterns
No full textStraipsnyje pirmą kartą lietuviškoje istoriografijoje aptariamos dvi muziejinės vertybės, saugomos Lietuvos nacionaliniame dailės ir Lietuvos nacionaliniame muziejuose, įvardytos kaip „Uždangalas ant galvos – kaptūras“ (LNDM TA 639) ir „Vilniaus universiteto rektoriaus toga“ (LNM IM 82). Tyrimo tikslas – identifikuoti, atrasti ir atributuoti ilgą laiką užmirštą ir neaktualizuotą išskirtinę Lietuvos kultūros paveldo vertybę – vadinamąją Petro Skargos togą (tiksliau, kaip tyrimo metu paaiškėjo, šiandieną išlikusias tik dvi akademinio apdaro dalis: biretą ir peleriną su gobtuvu) ir pateikti naują rytietiškų raštų šilkinio apsiausto, XX a. 6–7 dešimtmečiais įvardyto kaip „Vilniaus universiteto rektoriaus toga“, atribuciją, aptariant jį platesniame japonizmo stiliaus kontekste. Siekiama į Lietuvos mokslinę ir kultūrinę apyvartą naujai įtraukti šias išskirtines kultūros vertybes bei nubrėžti jų tolesnių tyrimų kryptis, bandoma atkreipti dėmesį į problemą – orientalistinei dailei skirtų tyrimų, kurie būtini istorinių muziejinių vertybių atributavimui ir lyginamajai skirtingų šalių kultūros paveldo objektų analizei, trūkumą. Tyrimui pasitelkta faktinė istorinių ir kultūrinių šaltinių medžiaga, ikonografinis, analitinis ir lyginamasis metodai. Reikšminiai žodžiai: Vilniaus universitetas, Petras Skarga, toga, akademinė apranga, šilkinis apsiaustas, japonizmas.For the first time in Lithuanian historiography, this article discusses two museum pieces preserved in the Lithuanian National Museum of Art and the National Museum of Lithuania, referenced as “head covering – kaptūras” (LNDM TA 639) and “Vilnius University rector’s toga” (LNM IM 82). The research aims to identify, rediscover, and attribute a long-forgotten and underappreciated treasure of Lithuanian cultural heritage – the so-called Petrus Skarga’s toga. Specifically, the research revealed that only two parts of the academic outfit have survived: a biretta and a cape with a hood. Additionally, the article presents a new attribution of an oriental-pattern silk cloak, previously referred to as the “Vilnius University rector’s toga” in the 1950s–1960s, discussing it within the broader context of the Japanism style. The fate of the ceremonial academic attire (a toga, a hooded cape, and a biretta) of Petrus Skarga (Petrus Scarga, Piotr Skarga Powęski, 1536–1612), the first rector of Vilnius University (1579–1582), after the university’s closure in 1832 and the location of its storage has not been closely explored until now. The analysis of the collected data suggests that Skarga’s academic attire was not removed from Vilnius but was kept as a relic in the Treasury of the Vilnius Archcathedral. It is likely that the attire was transferred elsewhere in 1842, when the Vilnius Academy of Medicine and Surgery was closed and the sceptre taken to St. Petersburg. However, it is also possible that the attire entered the Treasury of the Vilnius Archcathedral earlier, following the university’s closure in 1832. In 1919, after the opening of the Polish Stephen Bathory University in Vilnius, interest in Skarga’s academic attire as a symbol of the history of the old Vilnius University increased significantly. Between the wars, exhibitions of historical and cultural significance were organized at the Vilnius University Library, where the attire was displayed (1919, 1929, 1936). In 1919 and 1929, Skarga’s biretta was lent from the Vilnius Society of Friends of Science (TPN) for exhibitions, while the toga was lent from the Treasury of the Vilnius Archcathedral in 1929 and 1936. Since 1919, Skarga’s biretta was identified as TPN property. It is likely that it is the same biretta that the National Museum of Lithuania (IM 93) may have inherited from TPN. Comparing the iconography of interwar photographs and tapestries in the Treasury of the Vilnius Archcathedral, it was noted that the display of Skarga’s academic attire in a glass window was recorded next to the Flemish verdure tapestry “Juno and Iris” from Ovid’s “Metamorphoses” series, dating from the second half of the 17th century (BPM BT 1849). The photo was likely taken in the 1910s–1930s. It was established that in 1953, during the transfer of items from the Treasury of the Vilnius Archcathedral to the collections of the Vilnius State Art Museum (now the Lithuanian National Museum of Art), a hooded cape entered the museum along with the liturgical vestments. Research indicates that this cape (TA 639) is a surviving part of Skarga’s ceremonial academic attire, likely dating back to the late 16th century. The trimming of the edges of the folding hood, fastened at the front of the cape, is notable for its artistic expression. Currently, Skarga’s biretta is stored in the National Museum of Lithuania, the hooded cape is in the collections of the Lithuanian National Museum of Art, and the current location of the toga remains unidentified. The advanced hypothesis about the origin of the silk cloak (IM 82) from the collections of the National Museum of Lithuania has been confirmed: it is a garment of an aristocratic lady, a luxurious buttoned, lined, silk-fringed cloak designed to be worn over a formal visiting dress with a tournure. It was created in a style influenced by Japanism around 1875–1885 by an unknown fashion house in France, presumably in Paris. The garment was made from the silk fabric of a former luxury Japanese kimono, specifically a formal outer untied kimono (uchikake), dating from the latter half of the 18th century to the first half of the 19th century. The fabric design, featuring alternating geometric patterns, flower bouquets, and fan motifs, was intended exclusively for the ceremonial clothing of high-ranking samurai family ladies during the late Edo period (1615–1868). The fashion of Japanism did not bypass the cultural and artistic life of Vilnius or Lithuanian estates. This elegant and luxurious cloak, with its delicate colours, professionally modelled construction from individual pieces of kimono fabric, and high artistic craftsmanship, is one of the most impressive examples of late 19th-century Japanism-style clothing in Lithuania. It is likely that the National Museum of Lithuania inherited the silk cloak from the collections of the TPN museum, which included some pieces of exotic oriental clothing. Keywords: Vilnius University, Petrus Skarga, toga, academic attire, silk cloak, Japanism
Conceptual textile: the school of Laima Oržekauskienė
No full textStraipsnyje analizuojama Laimos Oržekauskienės kūryba ir jos suformuotos Kauno konceptualiosios tekstilės mokyklos ypatybės. Aptariamas šios mokyklos kultūrinis kontekstas, apimantis tekstilės meno raidą ir tekstilės aktualizavimą vizualiajame mene. Straipsnio tikslas – atskleisti Oržekauskienės konceptualiosios tekstilės bruožus ir mokyklos pagrindus. Jame reflektuojami teoriniai ir meniniai pokyčiai, kurie atsispindi šios menininkės kūryboje. Paryškinamos performatyvumo apraiškos, koduojančios moteriškas patirtis ir pateikiančios nuorodų į kultūros atmintį. Teigiama, kad menininkės kūrybai būdingas konceptualumas šiuolaikiškumą jungia su archajiškumu, gyvenimo patirtis – su kitais kūriniais, taip suneriant performatyvius prasmių tinklus. Į tekstilės kūrinius integruodama kitas medijas, Oržekauskienė pastūmėjo tekstilę metatekstiliškumo link. Trindama tekstilės meno ribas ir sekdama Lozanos bienalės pavyzdžiu, ji Kaune inicijavo tekstilės sąjūdį, paskatinusį metatekstilės diskurso sklaidą. Viena jo puoselėtojų yra Monika Žaltauskaitė-Grašienė, kuri tekstiliškumą įtraukia į tarpdisciplininius projektus ir bendradarbiavimo praktikas, apmąstančias gyvenimo, atminties, įvairių būsenų ir įvykių klostes. Reikšminiai žodžiai: tekstilės menas, Laima Oržekauskienė, konceptualioji tekstilė, performatyvumas, metatekstilė, Monika Žaltauskaitė-Grašienė.The article examines Laima Oržekauskienė-Ore’s work and the distinctive characteristics of the conceptual textile school she established in Kaunas. It provides insight into the cultural context of this school, considering the latest advancements in textile art and its integration into contemporary artistic practices. The primary aim of the article is to bring to light the essential features inherent in Oržekauskienė’s conceptual textiles. It explores the theoretical and artistic shifts evident in her work, emphasizing manifestations of conceptuality and performativity that encode feminine experiences while drawing upon diverse references from cultural memory. The author contends that the conceptuality inherent in Oržekauskienė’s work serves as a nexus connecting modernity to archaism and intertwining life experiences with other artworks, resulting in performative networks of meanings. Oržekauskienė integrates other media in her textile creations, propelling textile art towards a realm of metatextile. Her influence is marked by the initiation of a textile movement in Kaunas, inspired by the Lausanne Biennials, which facilitated the dissemination of metatextile discourse. The article further acknowledges the contributions of Monika Žaltauskaitė-Grašienė (Žaltė) as one of the nurturers of this movement. Žaltė incorporates textile into interdisciplinary projects and collaborative practices, offering reflections on the multifaceted folds of life and memory, states of becoming, and events. Keywords: textile art, Laima Oržekauskienė, conceptual textiles, performativity, metatextiles, Monika Žaltauskaitė-Grašienė
Forgotten works of Juozas Zikaras: medals, badges, and sports prizes
No full textStraipsnyje apžvelgiama nedidelė skulptoriaus Juozo Zikaro (1881–1944) kūrybos sritis – medaliai, medalionai, ženkleliai ir sporto prizai. Pagrindinis dėmesys yra sutelkiamas į nežinomus skulptoriaus kūrybos faktus. Tikslinamos medalių ir medalionų kūrybos aplinkybės bei jų datavimas. Pirmą kartą pateikiami faktai apie nežinomą skulptoriaus veiklos barą – ženklelių projektus. Raktažodžiai: Juozas Zikaras, skulptorius, medalis, medalionas, ženklelis, sporto prizasMuch has been written about the work of the sculptor Juozas Zikaras (1881–1944), but not all his works are known so far. There is also a lack of information on the dating of his works. This article addresses only a small area of Zikaras’s work: medals, medallions, badges, and sports prizes. The main focus is on the unknown facts of the sculptor’s work. The circumstances of the creation of medals, some of the medallions, and their dating are specified: medals of the Decade of Lithuania’s Independence (1928), the medal of the Forerunners of the Army (1940), plaques of President Antanas Smetona (1933), medallions of Kipras Petrauskas and Juozas Tūbelis, etc. For the first time, facts are presented about the sculptor’s yet unknown activity as a badge designer. The article also introduces the sculptor’s works intended as awards to athletes: ‘Žirgai’ (Horses, 1933), ‘Krepšininkas’ (A Basketballer, 1943). Keywords: Juozas Zikaras, sculptor, medal, medallion, badg
Non-print periodicals in the Wroblewski Library: what does the collection tell us about the history of publishing in Lithuania?
No full textLietuvoje nespaustuvinė periodika jau daugiau nei šimtą metų domina mokslininkus, bibliotekininkus ir kraštotyrininkus. Norint suprasti šį nespaustuvinės periodikos reiškinį Lietuvoje, jo vietą gausėjančios nacionalinės informacijos sraute, valstybės leidybos istorijoje, būtina sutelkti kiek įmanoma gausesnę šių periodinių leidinių šaltinių bazę, žinoti svarbiausius rinkinius. Šiuo straipsniu siekiama pristatyti LMAVB Rankraščių skyriuje saugomo nespaustuvinės periodikos rinkinio tyrimą knygotyriniu aspektu ir atskleisti jo, kaip visumos, informatyvumą Lietuvos leidybos istorijai. Tyrimo objektu tapo visi de visu identifikuoti ir sutelkti į sąlyginį rinkinį nespaustuvinės periodikos leidiniai, nepaisant chronologinių rėmų, kalbos, rašto sistemos ar šrifto, leidybos geografinės vietos. Šiuo metu Rankraščių skyriuje yra užfiksuoti 154 pavadinimų laikraštėliai. Siekiant tikslo, pirmiausia bus aptarta istoriografija, skirta nespaustuvinei periodikai Lietuvoje ir LMAVB, bus nustatyta objektų kaupimo istorija Bibliotekoje, o sudarytas rinkinys analizuojamas chronologiniu, geografiniu, kalbiniu, tipologiniu ir žanriniu aspektais. Leidinių metrikose, tekstuose užfiksuotos informacijos tyrimas suteikė žinių apie nespaustuvinės leidybos procesus, sudarė galimybę juos palyginti su profesionaliosios periodikos leidybos procesais. Rinkinio istorija lėmė, kad LMAVB Rankraščių skyriuje sukauptas dar vienas daugiakalbis, XIX a. pabaigą – 1946 m. aprėpiantis nespaustuvinės periodikos rinkinys, sudėtimi skirtingas nuo rinkinio Retų spaudinių skyriaus Senosios periodikos sektoriuje. Numatytais aspektais atlikta rinkinio sudėties analizė patvirtina Lietuvoje gyvavusių leidinių kalbinę, žanrinę ir tipologinę įvairovę. Atliktas tyrimas leidžia teigti, kad, nors ir leista nedidelėmis apimtimis, nespaustuvinė periodika artėjo prie profesionaliosios ir prisidėjo prie nacionalinės informacijos srauto užpildydama informacijos ir turinio spragas. Ji tapo erdve jauniems kūrėjams atsiskleisti ir demonstruoti praktines žinias, taip pademonstruodama nespaustuvinės periodikos leidybos veiklų potencialą, užauginusį ne vieną Lietuvos profesionaliosios spaudos veikėją. Rinkinio objektai liudija apie periodikos leidybos praktikų įvairovę, į leidybos procesus įtrauktas socialines grupes, kartu atskleidė kintančią visuomenę, jos aspiracijas. Tyrimui sutelktas rinkinys teikia naujos, dar nenaudotos informacijos mokslo tyrimams apie Lietuvos jaunimo, kareivių skaitymą, kūrybą, atskleidžia jų domėjimosi sritis. Rinkinio objektai tampa aktualiu šaltiniu kalbos, dailės istorijos, lyčių, kūrinių pakartotinio panaudojimo klausimų ir pan. tyrimams. Reikšminiai žodžiai: nespaustuvinė periodika, leidybos istorija, Lietuvos mokslų akademijos Vrublevskių biblioteka, laikraščiai, žurnalai, biuleteniai, vienkartiniai leidiniai, rankraštinis laikraštėlis, hektografija, šapirografija.In Lithuania, non-print periodicals have been of interest to scholars, librarians, and local historians for over a hundred years. To understand the phenomenon of non-print periodicals in Lithuania, its place in the increasing national information flow, and the history of state publishing, it is necessary to gather as extensive a base of these periodical sources as possible and know the main collections. This article aims to present the study of the non-print periodicals collection stored in the Manuscripts Department of the Wroblewski Library of the Lithuanian Academy of Sciences from the perspective of book science and reveal its informativeness as a whole for the history of Lithuanian publishing. The research object became all the identified non-print periodical publications collected into a conditional collection regardless of chronological frameworks, language, writing system, font, or publishing geographic location. Currently, the Manuscripts Department has recorded as many as 154 titles of small newspapers. To achieve the goal, first, historiography dedicated to non print periodicals in Lithuania and the Wroblewski Library will be discussed, the history of object collection in the library will be determined, and the formed collection will be analysed in chronological, geographical, linguistic, typological, and genre aspects. The study of the information recorded in the publications’ metrics and texts provided insights into the processes of non-print publishing and allowed for comparisons with the processes of professional periodicals publishing. The history of the collection led to another multilingual collection of non-print periodicals covering the period between the late 19th century to 1946 in the Manuscripts Department of the Wroblewski Library, different in composition from the collection in the Rare Books and Old Periodicals Department. The analysis of the collection’s composition by designated aspects confirms the linguistic, genre, and typological diversity of publications that existed in Lithuania. The study allows us to state that although published in small volumes, non-print periodicals approached professional ones and contributed to the national information flow, filling informational and content gaps. They became a space for young creators to unfold and demonstrate practical knowledge, showcasing the potential of non-print periodicals publishing activities, which nurtured more than one professional press figure in Lithuania. The objects of the collection testify to the diversity of periodical publishing practices, and social groups involved in the publishing processes, and reveal the changing society and its aspirations. The collection gathered for the study provides new, unused information for scientific research on the reading and creativity of young people and soldiers, revealing their areas of interest. The collection’s objects become a relevant source for research on language, art history, gender, issues of the reuse of works, etc. Keywords: non-print periodicals, publishing history, Wroblewski Library of the Lithuanian Academy of Sciences, newspapers, magazines, bulletins, one time publications, manuscript newspaper, hectography, mimeography
Disagreements between the leaders of exiled Ukrainian organisations and Lithuania's position between 1924 and 1929
No full textŠiame straipsnyje analizuojama Lietuvos pozicija egzilinių ukrainiečių organizacijų vadovų nesutarimų atžvilgiu; išskiriami aspektai, dėl kurių Lietuvos politikai ir LŠS nariai 1927 m. lygiaverčiai bendradarbiavo su J. Konovaleco ir J. Petruševičiaus or ganizacijomis, ir įvardijamos priežastys, kodėl J. Petruševičiui pasitraukus iš UNDO 1927 m. suintensyvėjo Lietuvos ir ukrainiečių karinės organizacijos bendradarbiavimas. Taip pat nagrinėjama Lietuvos laikysena kitų ukrainiečių organizacijų atžvilgiu, išskiriant ir atskirai aptariant Visos Ukrainos nacionalinės tarybos narių kreipimąsi į Lietuvos pasiuntinybės sekretorių Prahoje Juozą Brėdikį. Raktažodžiai: egzilinės ukrainiečių organizacijos, Visos Ukrainos nacionalinė taryba, Ukrainos karinė organizacija, Jevhenas Konovalecas, Jevhenas Petruševičius, nesutarimai, Lietuvos pozicija.This article analyses Lithuania’s position on the disagreements between the leaders of exiled Ukrainian organisations. It highlights the aspects due to which Lithuanian politicians and the members of the Lithuanian Rifle Union cooperated on an equal footing with the organisations of Yevhen Konovalets and Yevhen Petrushevych in 1927. It identifies the reasons for the intensification of the cooperation between Lithuanian and Ukrainian paramilitary organisations after Petrushevych left the Ukrainian National Democratic Alliance in 1927. The author also looks into Lithuania’s position on other Ukrainian organisations: he singles out and discusses the appeal of the All-Ukrainian National Council to Juozas Brėdikis, secretary of the diplomatic legation of Lithuania in Prague, Czechoslovakia
The Use of smart technologies in the development of green logistics
No full textPažangios technologijos logistikoje leidžia efektyviau valdyti tiekimo grandinę, optimizuoti procesus, mažinti sąnaudas ir priimti tvaresnius sprendimus bei suteikia galimybę logistikos įmonėms spręsti sudėtingus iššūkius, kurie susiję su krovinių pristatymu, sandėliavimu, atsargų ir tiekimo grandinės valdymu. Šios technologijos logistikoje apima maršrutų planavimo programas, transporto priemonių intelektines technologijas, dirbtinio intelekto panaudojimą klientų aptarnavimo sektoriuje, pažangias sandėliavimo sistemas ir pan. Straipsnyje keliamas tikslas – ištirti logistinių įmonių pažangių technologijų taikymą vystant žaliąją logistiką. Atliktas tyrimas su penkiolikos logistinę veiklą vykdančių įmonių atstovais atskleidė, kad taikomos pažangios technologijos įmonei leidžia prisidėti prie tvaresnių sprendimų: tinkamai valdyti atsargas, mažinti emisijas bei veiklos sąnaudas, naudoti mažiau energijos. Šių technologijų taikymas įmonėms leidžia optimizuoti operacijas, didinti veiklos efektyvumą, teikti kokybiškesnės paslaugas ir geriau prisitaikyti prie kintančių rinkos sąlygų. Taikyti metodai: literatūros analizė, sintezė, anketinė apklausa. Pagrindiniai žodžiai: žalioji logistika, intelektinės / pažangios technologijos, transportas.Logistics plays a key role in driving economic operations and fostering global commerce by facilitating the seamless movement of goods across countries. In its essence, logistics encompasses various activities: cargo transport, warehousing, packing, loading and unloading, handling, and good efficient management. The advent of digital and emerging technologies is catalysing a paradigm shift in the logistics sector towards a ‘smart’ framework, enhancing operational optimisation and freight efficiency. Through cutting-edge communication technologies and digital solutions, logistics operations can now access real-time data on the where abouts of transport vehicles, containers and distribution points. Implemented trackers and RFID tags enable the swift identification and booking of items, while real-time analytics offer insights for congestion avoidance and resource-efficient strategies. This evolution towards smart logistics holds the promise of reducing energy consumption, curbing carbon emissions, and minimising waste, thus aligning with sustainability goals. By centralising information and streamlining delivery processes, smart technologies also contribute to shorter delivery times and reduced costs. Incorporating smart technology into every facet of logistics processes, is imperative for companies aiming to achieve sustainable growth, profitability and competitive advantage. Smart technologies enable efficient supply chain management, process optimisation, cost reduction, and more sustainable decision-making. Route planning applications, intelligent vehicle technologies, artificial intelligence in customer service, and smart warehousing systems, are among the technologies driving this transformation in logistics, addressing complex challenges related to cargo delivery, warehousing, inventory, and supply chain management. The problem question is: What smart technologies do logistics companies use to contribute to the development of green logistics? The aim of the research: To investigate the use of smart technologies by logistics companies in the development of green logistics. Methods: Analysis of scientific literature, synthesis, quantitative research-questionnaire survey. Methodology. The quantitative research method was applied: a questionnaire survey. The questionnaire prepared for companies consisted of three questions aimed at determining: how companies use smart technologies; the visible benefits of smart technologies in the development of green logistics; and the planned implementation of smart technologies in the future. Companies were selected based on the following criteria: operating in the field of logistics and conducting sustainability/social responsibility/green logistics activities. The organisations chosen for the study operate in the Klaipėda region. The survey participants were managers and specialists who are familiar with the organisation’s activities and the smart technologies used by the organisation. Each company was contacted personally and asked to participate. The majority (53%) of the participants were from large organisations with more than 250 employees, while 33% were from small and medium-size enterprises with between 51 and 250 employees. Additionally, one specialist each represented small and very small companies. Most companies have a clear sustainable development strategy, prepare social responsibility reports, and contribute to the implementation of green logistics. Results. The study revealed a high adoption rate of advanced technologies in the logistics sector, particularly in smart real-time cargo tracking, document digitisation, and route optimisation programs. Nearly half the surveyed companies have also integrated intelligent vehicle technologies and data analysis and predictive modelling systems to enhance safety, efficiency and cargo flow management. A smaller proportion of companies have implemented advanced technologies for manufacturing automation and customer service using artificial intelligence. The companies have acknowledged that these technologies not only help in cost reduction and operational optimisation, but also contribute positively to the advancement of green logistics by reducing emissions and promoting resource efficiency. This study underscores the significance of advanced technology in the logistics sector for driving innovation, sustainability and competitive advantage. However, it is imperative to carefully evaluate several aspects before making decisions. Firstly, the financial aspect is crucial, as the implementation of advanced technologies often entails substantial investment. Secondly, maintenance and support costs must be taken into account to ensure system performance and reliability. Thirdly, applicability is essential to ensure that newly introduced technologies are beneficial and effective in the company’s existing operating environment. Nevertheless, there is no doubt that the benefits of implementing advanced technologies are substantial for the advancement of green logistics. Keywords: green logistics, intelligent/smart technologies, transport
Historical park as a place of emotions and experiences - from functional to emotional green zoning
No full textStraipsnyje pristatoma ir nagrinėjama parko emocinio zonavimo metodologija. Moderniosios kraštovaizdžio architektūros ir postmoderniosios kraštovaizdžio architektūros idėjos realizuojamos želdynų dizaino priemonėmis, dažnai nekreipiant dėmesio į senųjų, istorinių želdynų emocinį potencialą ir identitetą. Straipsnyje akcentuojami kraštovaizdžio architektūros objektų kūrimo, urbanistinio planavimo aspektai, aktualūs ir reikšmingi senųjų, istorinių želdynų renovacijos procesuose. Tai novatoriška idėja tolesnei Lietuvos kraštovaizdžio architektūros raidai. Reikšminiai žodžiai: emocinis zonavimas, istorinis parkas, dvaro parkas, Ilzenbergas, Trakų Vokė, Vyžulionys.The article presents and examines the methodology of emotional zoning of the park. The ideas of modern landscape architecture and post-modern landscape architecture are realized by means of greenery design, often without paying attention to the emotional potential and identity of old, historical greenery. The article emphasizes the aspects of the creation of landscape architecture objects, urban planning, which are relevant and significant in the renovation processes of old, historical greenery,and innovativeideafor the further development of Lithuanian landscape architecture. Keywords: Emotional zoning, historical park, manor park, Ilzenberg, Traku Voke, Vyzulionys
Issue of the quality of life of elderly people, improving their psycho-emotional health with the help of mobile cosmetology services
No full textSenatvė ir su ja susiję gyvenimo kokybės pokyčiai yra aktualūs šiuolaikiniame pasaulyje, kadangi daug skirtingų kultūrų šalių, tarp jų ir Lietuva, susiduria su visuomenės senėjimu. Moksliniai tyrimai rodo, jog pagyvenę asmenys neretai susiduria su psichoemocinės sveikatos sunkumais, todėl turi būti ieškoma būdų, padedančių minėtiesiems asmenims kuo dažniau patirti gyvenimo džiaugsmą, jaustis pilnaverčiais visuomenės nariais. Vienas iš tokių būdų – tai mobiliųjų kosmetologijos paslaugų teikimas. Reikšminiai žodžiai: pagyvenę asmenys, gyvenimo kokybė, psichoemocinė sveikata, mobiliosios kosmetologijos paslaugos.Old age and related changes in the quality of life are relevant in the modern world, as many countries with different cultures, including Lithuania, are facing an aging population. Scientific research shows that senior citizens often face psycho-emotional health problems, so it is necessary to find ways to help these people experience the joy of life as often as possible and feel like full members of society. One such way is the provision of mobile cosmetology services. Key words: Elderly people, quality of life, psycho-emotional health, mobile cosmetology services
Using interactive tools to educate children with special educational needs
No full textStraipsnyje pristatoma ir edukaciniu bei sveikatinimo aspektu analizuojama interaktyvių priemonių taikymo vaikams, turintiems specialiųjų ugdymosi poreikių, tematika. Įsibėgėjantis įtraukusis ugdymas reikalauja parengti specialiųjų ugdymosi poreikių vaikams aplinkas: kurti edukacines pojūčių erdves, aprūpinant jas interaktyviomis priemonėmis. Rašant laikomasi nuostatos, jog pojūčių erdvė gali tapti pagrindiniu veiksniu ar priemone, padėsiančia koreguoti vaikų raidos sutrikimus bei sukurti jiems sąlygas geresniam, patrauklesniam ugdymui(si). Ikimokyklinio ir priešmokyklinio ugdymo mokytojų ir švietimo pagalbos specialistų nuomone, kokybiškai įrengta pojūčių erdvė su interaktyvios priemonės stimuliuoja teigiamas nuostatas ir emocijas, skatina ugdytinių kognityvinius gebėjimus. Pastebimi ir neigiami interaktyvių priemonių naudojimo aspektai, apie kuriuos pasisako tyrime dalyvavę ikimokyklinio ugdymo pedagogai, dirbantys su raidos sutrikimų turinčiais vaikais. Reikšminiai žodžiai: edukacinės pojūčių erdvės, interaktyvios priemonės, raidos sutrikimas.The article presents and analyses the application of interactive tools for children with special educational needs from an educational and health promotion perspective. Inclusive education, which is increasingly becoming more and more popular, requires the preparation of environments for children with special educational needs: the creation of educational sensory spaces, equipped with interactive tools. The writing approach is that the sensory space can be a key factor or tool for correcting children's developmental disabilities and for creating conditions for a better, more engaging education. Preschool and pre-primary teachers and educational pedagogic aid specialists consider that a well-equipped sensory space with interactive tools stimulates positive attitudes and emotions, also promotes the cognitive abilities of the children. There are also negative aspects of the use of interactive tools, as reported by the pre-school teachers and pedagogic aid specialists working with children with developmental disorders who participated in the study. Keywords: Educational sensory spaces, interactive tools, developmental disabilities