Univerzity Palackého v Olomouci OJS
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Analysis of the competency framework from the perspective of basic categories of educational philosophy
No full textNedávno publikovaný Kompetenční rámec absolventa a absolventky učitelství (2023) nepřímo poukazuje na aktuální potřebu charakterizovat kompetence pedagoga a utřídit je do uceleného a přehledného systému. Předkládaná studie se zaměřuje na analýzu kompetenčního modelu profese učitele z pozice základních kategorií filosofie výchovy. Cílem je jeho analýza a propojení jeho základních tezí s teoriemi vzdělávání, rozebrat názory odborníků na problematické oblasti začínajícího učitele s ohledem na složku kázně a její aktuálnosti v soudobém vzdělávání i nastínit možná řešení problémových složek (s oporou v odborné literatuře), jež se ve vzdělávání objevují.The recently published Competency Framework for Teacher Education Graduates (2023) indirectly points to the current need to characterize the competencies of educators and organize them into a comprehensive and clear system. This study focuses on analyzing the competency model of the teaching profession from the perspective of the basic categories of educational philosophy. The aim is to analyze it and link its basic theses with theories of education, to analyze the opinions of experts on problematic areas for beginning teachers with regard to discipline and its relevance in contemporary education, and to outline possible solutions to problematic issues (based on professional literature) that arise in education
The EU AI Act’s Alignment within the European Union’s Regulatory Framework on Artificial Intelligence
Get PDFThe European Union (EU) Artificial Intelligence (AI) Act is the first horizontal regulation on AI, aiming to regulate the development, placement on the market, and use of AI systems in the EU. The initial proposal was published by the European Commission (EC) in April 2021, and after an intensive three-year period of discussions, revisions, and negotiations, on December 9, 2023, a provisional agreement was reached on the final text. This marked the culmination of a series of ethical policy and legislative foundations that have created a broad and highly influential regulatory framework on AI in the EU. However, the consistency of the final draft within this established institutional environment on AI merits a close examination. This paper studies the AI Act text and its alignment within this framework. It will use the partial institutional analysis method to map the regulatory landscape, identify the most important sources within the said scope, and critically assess their consistency
Russian Aggression Against Ukraine and the Law of Countermeasures: A Momentum for Caution or an Opportunity for Evolution?
Get PDFThe paper addresses some of the challenging legal issues invoked by the response of the part of the international community to the Russian aggression in Ukraine in 2022. These legal issues were selected through the lenses of evolution versus caution paradigm. In particular, it maps the issue of the permissibility of third-party countermeasures, a topic that has already enjoyed attention of the doctrine but is still controversial. It then focuses on the issue of confiscation of frozen Russian assets as a possible form of countermeasure. This issue is addressed through the optics of the human right to private property and briefly also through the lenses of the law on the immunities of States. The paper then addresses a complicated issue of possible claims against sanctions initiated in international investment arbitration. It focuses primarily on the question whether host States can raise the defence of countermeasures in investment arbitration
Proportionality of the Application of Criminal Liability for Gifts in the Healthcare System of Lithuania: Alternatives for Effective Corruption Prevention
Get PDFProportionality is a fundamental principle of criminal law. The issue whether the application of criminal liability to patients and doctors for participating in illegal gift “transactions” with the use of descriptive, analytical, logical, and comparative methods was examined. Focusing on utilitarianism and retributivism, the content of proportionality was presented: the balance between benefit to society and harm to the offender, the effectiveness of punishment, the implementation of justice as retribution, and the dangerousness of the offence and the offender. The conclusion was made that the criminal liability for gratitude gifts in the healthcare system is not proportionate. Consequently, recommendations were made for the establishment of disciplinary or administrative liability for symbolic gifts of gratitude in the healthcare sector of Lithuania
Místo folkloru v literární výchově: (na příkladu lidové písně)
Get PDFThe Role of Folklore in Teaching Literature (the Case of Folk Song)
Folk art, mainly folk songs, is different in typology from standard literary work as a unique individual artistic creation. Songs originate from different cultural motifs: it is the combination of music and verbal art; it does not make a strict distinction between the creator and the recipient of the song; it depends on the forms of verbal dissemination; it takes account of sharing the song within the community as well as of exclusively non-written preservation; it counts with variations, respects its migration in time and space; it is often in close contact with a craft fair production. These unique characteristics are reflected in topics, content and forms (we demonstrate it on the collection of Antonín Francl from the turn of the 18th and 19th centuries). However, these characteristics cannot be adequately captured solely by applying the criteria of literary criticism. School teaching should take this distinction into consideration
