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Les droits humains armés : guérillas, dictatures et démocratie en Argentine
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Négociations dans le transport aérien : quand le Conseil d’État vole au secours d’un syndicat de pilotes de ligne, note sous CE, 4 avr. 2025, no 475033
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Quand Aya Nakamura dé-joue la Vénus hottentote : corps noirs et performance déséroticoloniale
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Migration and Diversity in the UK: Historical, Political and Sociological Perspectives
No full textThis special issue of Les Cahiers du MIMMOC brings together a diverse range of contributions from young scholars affiliated with the MiDiB network (Migration and Diversity in the British and Irish Isles). Most of these papers were first presented as part of MiDiB’s activities, in particular our second doctoral student workshop, held at the Université Toulouse-Jean Jaurès in March 2023, and a workshop jointly held by MiDiB and CRECIB (Centre de Recherches et d’Études en Civilisation des Iles Britanniques) at the annual SAES conference, in June 2024, at the Université de Lorraine, Nancy. Together, these events extended our first doctoral student workshop, held at the Sorbonne Nouvelle in January 2022, whose results were published in the Observatoire de la Société Britannique (29, 2022). Through the lens of historical, political, and socio-cultural analysis, these articles offer fresh and complementary insights into the complexities of migration, identity and belonging in the UK and reveal the shifting dynamics that shape the lived experiences of migrant communities. Each contribution presents a distinct perspective; put together, they illustrate converging themes of exclusion, resistance, transnationalism and identity negotiation, reflecting the broad spectrum of research interests that characterise the MiDiB networ
Ein Debüt und seine zerrissenen Ketten: Zu Elias Canettis Erstlingsroman "Die Blendung" (1935)
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Trois dhāraṇīs en écriture tangoute conservées à Paris
No full textInternational audienceCette communication analyse trois dhāraṇīs tangoutes tirées de quatre manuscrits inédits, proposant une nouvelle jonction de deux fragments conservés dans deux fonds différents de la Bibliothèque nationale de France. Avec une concentration sur l'étude de l'écriture tangoute et ses capacités d'adaptations à la phonétique du sanskrit/moyenindien, l'étude de ces dhāraṇīs permet, à partir d’autres versions du même texte, et d'autres textes également inédits, de poser les jalons d’un travail de plus grande ampleur quant à l’existence d’une convention de transcription du sanskrit en tangoute
Vers un renouvellement des formes d'attention : regard et écoute dans les dispositifs scéniques de Philippe Quesne
No full textStudying the practice of French theater director Philippe Quesne, this research explores how some contemporary dramaturgies are working on the notion of attention and reconfiguring it during the time of its potential crisis. In plays such as La Mélancolie des dragons, Swamp Club, or La Nuit des taupes, the staging first subtracts something from the theatrical representation’s traditional attributes (vocal dexterity, bodily ease, performers individualization, and sometimes even the use of articulated language). It redistributes the audience's attention between various elements of the scenic apparatus. Dramatic conflict introduces the “entente” staging (in both the literal and figurative senses) that favors coexistence over confrontation: interactions between human and non-human communities, as well as the ecosystems they inhabit, form the leading topic of the performances.These small worlds evolve within specific topoi (caves, parks, and vivariums), devices within the device, which guide and question our attention regarding its own mechanisms. Hyper-visibility and hyper-audibility spaces for some, places of auditory mirages and visual appearances for others: all offer the opportunity to play with the frictions and disjunctions between sound and image and between what is seen and what is heard. They encourage the audience to engage their listening skills and montage abilities. In Vivarium Studio’s creations, attention oscillates between dynamics of magnification and distancing. The audience is on the watch, adopting a posture that is both open and investigative, embodying the model of the entomologist spectator. Sometimes caught in a trap of profuse details, visual and auditory micro-events, the attention tends toward defocusing and decentering, which aligns both with the dynamics of landscape composition and the Flemish Renaissance paintings that serve as one of Philippe Quesne’s inspirations.This research thus invites us to consider how certain contemporary artists use dispersion of attention as a means to perform the complexity of a fragmented world, producing what Jonathan Crary refers to as "counter-forms" of attention. The comparison of these practices with certain historical concepts and models of attention such as dispersion (opposed to concentration by William James), Freud’s floating attention, Walter Benjamin’s reception in a state of distraction, or more recently, Richard Schechner’s selective inattention, helps us grasp the originality of these approaches in their ability to reinvent the audience’s modes of attention.À travers la pratique du metteur en scène français Philippe Quesne, cette recherche explore la façon dont certaines dramaturgies contemporaines travaillent et reconfigurent la question de l’attention, à l’heure même de sa potentielle mise en crise. Dans des pièces comme La Mélancolie des dragons, Swamp Club ou La Nuit des taupes, la mise en scène soustrait d’abord quelque chose aux attributs traditionnels de la représentation théâtrale (la dextérité vocale, l’aisance corporelle, l’individualisation des interprètes, et parfois l’usage du langage articulé), redistribuant l’écoute et le regard du public entre les différents éléments du dispositif scénique. Le conflit dramatique fait place à une mise en scène de l’entente (aux sens propre et figuré) qui privilégie la cohabitation à la confrontation : les interactions entre les communautés humaines, non-humaines et l’écosystème qu’elles habitent constituent le moteur et le sujet des spectacles. Ces petits mondes évoluent par ailleurs dans des topoï donnés (grottes, parcs et vivariums), dispositifs dans le dispositif qui orientent et interrogent notre attention sur ses propres mécanismes. Espaces d’hypervisibilité et d’hyperauditivité pour les uns, lieux de mirages sonores et d’apparitions pour les autres, tous offrent la possibilité de jouer de frictions et disjonctions entre le son et l’image, le vu et l’entendu, encourageant le public à exercer son écoute et son aptitude au montage. Dans les créations du Vivarium Studio, l’attention oscille entre des dynamiques de grossissement et de prise de recul. Le public aux aguets adopte une posture à la fois ouverte et investigatrice qu’incarne le modèle du spectateur entomologiste. Parfois prise au piège par la profusion de détails, de micro-évènements visuels et sonores, l’attention montre une tendance à la défocalisation et à l’acentrement qui correspond aussi bien aux dynamiques de la composition paysagère qu’à celles des peintures de la renaissance flamande dont Philippe Quesne fait l’une de ses sources d’inspiration.Cette recherche invite donc à considérer la manière dont certains·es artistes contemporains·es utilisent la dispersion de l’attention comme moyen de performer la complexité d’un monde fragmenté, produisant ce que Jonathan Crary désigne sous le terme de « contre-formes » d’attention. La mise en regard de ces pratiques et de certains concepts et modèles attentionnels historiques comme la dispersion (opposée par William James à la concentration), l’attention flottante freudienne, la réception en état de distraction chez Walter Benjamin, ou plus récemment encore, l’inattention sélective définie par Richard Schechner, nous aide à appréhender l’originalité de ces démarches dans leur capacité à réinventer les modes d’attention du public
Word Order Variation in Three-place Predicates from a Cross-domain Perspective
No full textInternational audienceIn the present study, taking a quantitative approach and using the data of The Lancaster Corpus of Mandarin Chinese (McEnery & Xiao 2004) and the Pewan Corpus for Kurmanji Kurdish (Esmaili & Salavati 2013; Esmaili et al. 2013), we investigated the effect of several cognitive-functional factors, including definiteness (definite, indefinite, generic), animacy (animate, inanimate), relative length (number of words for Kurmanji, number of characters for Mandarin), and semantic role, on the position of the O and the X in relation to the verb (preverbal vs. postverbal). In our corpus study of Kurmanji, we found statistically significant effects of definiteness, animacy, and relative length (Table 1), corresponding to definite-first (O), animate-first (X), and long-first preferences. Accordingly, the postverbal Xs were generally inanimate (goal) and short. For Mandarin data, we found statistically significant effects for the same factors (Table 2), with definite-first (O) and animate-first (X) preferences. However, in terms of length, we observed a long-first preference in the preverbal domain and an end-weight preference in the postverbal domain (when both O and X are placed after the verb). Consequently, the preverbal Xs were typically animate (recipient) and long
Unraveling Major Questions in Micronekton Ecology and Their Role in the Biological Carbon Pump Through Integrative Approaches and Autonomous Monitoring
No full textInternational audienceMicronekton consist of crustaceans, cephalopods, gelatinous organisms, and fishes that are 2–20 cm in size (Figure 1). These organisms have unique functional traits that impact their vertical migration patterns and ecosystem processes (Aparecido et al., 2023). Our understanding of their potential carbon transport and sequestration from the epipelagic (upper 200 m) to mesopelagic zones (200–1,000 m) or deeper (e.g., Boyd et al., 2019; Le Moigne, 2019; Cavan et al., 2019) is limited by the tools traditionally used to assess their biomass, diversity, and varied migration patterns (e.g., Annasawmy et al., 2019, 2024; Barbin et al., 2024; Eduardo et al., 2024). These knowledge gaps are notable considering that micronekton are ubiquitous throughout the world ocean
Agricultural dynamics in the semi-arid Northeast region of Brazil: issues for natural resources management and territorial governance
No full textInternational audienceCeará State (Northeast Brazil) was recently affected by a severe multi-year drought (2012-2018) that had drastic societal consequences. The agricultural sector was particularly impacted and agricultural trajectories have evolved accordingly. The dairy sector has been strongly consolidated among family farmers, as seeming to offer greater resilience to drought than irrigated crops. However, the consequences of these important agricultural dynamics on natural resource management, and particularly water, have not been adequately studied. This study aimed to explore how agricultural trajectories have been transformed and how this has affected the sustainability of water, land, and forest resource management. It then suggests a territorial governance organization to discuss related issues and collectively try to solve them. This study emphasizes two main agricultural transformations: (i) the increase in mechanized permanent cropping systems substituting the traditional shifting agriculture system with forest fallow rotation, and (ii) increased fodder production through 'passive irrigation' in lowlands and infiltration areas around dams. These processes support a strong dynamic of individual small dam building. The main issues of these transformations in terms of natural resource management concern soil health in a regional context of high vulnerability to desertification, and the strong mobilization of water in lowlands and small individual dams. Since these dams are located upstream of the State's strategic dams, they weaken its water security and open the challenge of finding trade-offs between upstream-downstream regions, macro-micro water infrastructures and agricultural development-water supply. To contribute to meeting this challenge, three participatory governance platforms articulated from the State to the local territories are being tested in an attempt to negotiate collective trade-offs on the use of natural resources, decompartmentalize public action targeting rural territories, and promote a bottom-up approach to territorial development