Poznańskie Studia Polonistyczne. Seria Językoznawcza
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K problematice ustálených verbo-nominálních jednotek v biblické frazeologii ve vztahu k jejich původu a evropskému kontextu: na příkladě výrazu „mít víru“
No full textThe study examines biblical phraseology as a cultural-historical phenomenon in which the original biblical texts have, over many centuries and generations, transferred both traditional phraseological units and structural established patterns of constructions, such as some verb phrases with abstract nouns, into the languages of the Bible’s translations. Already present in the original Byzantine Greek text, they are distinguished by their idiomatic nature and represent the so-called quasi-phraseological units. Units of this kind could be formed usually by frequently used words, such as some verbs with a tendency to desemantization like the verbs “have”, “get”, “give”, as well as commonly used and well-known abstract nouns like “faith”, “hope”, “feeling” etc. Their occurrence has subsequently been accepted and reduplicated in a number of languages as it is evident from the first translation efforts through early Renaissance and humanist versions. The use of such idiomatic structures has penetrated spontaneously from the language of the canonical texts into the common standard.The study examines biblical phraseology as a cultural-historical phenomenon in which the original biblical texts have, over many centuries and generations, transferred both traditional phraseological units and structural established patterns of constructions, such as some verb phrases with abstract nouns, into the languages of the Bible’s translations. Already present in the original Byzantine Greek text, they are distinguished by their idiomatic nature and represent the so-called quasi-phraseological units. Units of this kind could be formed usually by frequently used words, such as some verbs with a tendency to desemantization like the verbs “have”, “get”, “give”, as well as commonly used and well-known abstract nouns like “faith”, “hope”, “feeling” etc. Their occurrence has subsequently been accepted and reduplicated in a number of languages as it is evident from the first translation efforts through early Renaissance and humanist versions. The use of such idiomatic structures has penetrated spontaneously from the language of the canonical texts into the common standard
Odzwierciedlenie dwu postaw wobec pandemii w koronapolszczyźnie na przykładzie nazw koronawirusa SARS-CoV-2
No full textThe article concerns the names of the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus used during the COVID-19 pandemic by Polish speakers representing two attitudes towards the threat – rationalists, who believe in the existence of the pandemic and respect the introduced restrictions, and negationists, who deny the existence of the pandemic and oppose the introduction of restrictions. The research material consists of internet texts collected by the authors in a database created while working on the book Koronapolszczyzna. Słownictwo czasu pandemii koronawirusa SARS-CoV-2 (Coronapolish. Vocabulary of the SARS-CoV-2 Coronavirus Pandemic) published in Poznań in 2024. It turned out that both emotionally neutral lexemes, used mainly by rationalists, and expressive vocabulary functioned as names for the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus. In terms of emotionally-tinged names, negationists created primarily words with a dismissive, contemptuous meaning and vulgarisms, while rationalists created words with a humorous meaning. All expressive words played a causative role during the pandemic – they were intended to help people come to terms with the difficult reality
Znaczenie leksemu bezecny i jego funkcja w Zwierciadle saskim Pawła Szczerbica
No full textThe purpose of the article was to conduct a semantic and functional analysis of the lexeme infamous based on the material from Zwierciadło saskie (Saxon mirror) by Paweł Szczerbic. Infamous is a hyperonym for names defining an entity which does not respect the values that are the foundation of law, and which violates ethical and moral principles. This is a concept defined in the relic. The lexeme appears in a nominal function, in the specialized meaning of ‘condemned by law to loss of honour’. In certain contexts, its meaning becomes more specific. The sender’s desire for terminological precision is manifested both at the level of the text’s structure style (avoiding synonyms, derivative words). Calling someone infamous in the formula of presenting an accusation was a performative act of slander and accusation which caused specific legal consequences.The purpose of the article was to conduct a semantic and functional analysis of the lexeme infamous based on the material from Zwierciadło saskie (Saxon mirror) by Paweł Szczerbic. Infamous is a hyperonym for names defining an entity which does not respect the values that are the foundation of law, and which violates ethical and moral principles. This is a concept defined in the relic. The lexeme appears in a nominal function, in the specialized meaning of ‘condemned by law to loss of honour’. In certain contexts, its meaning becomes more specific. The sender’s desire for terminological precision is manifested both at the level of the text’s structure style (avoiding synonyms, derivative words). Calling someone infamous in the formula of presenting an accusation was a performative act of slander and accusation which caused specific legal consequences
Ekspert i jego obecność w dyskursie poświęconym COVID-19 (na podstawie materiału telewizyjnego)
No full textThe aim of the article is to reconstruct the image of an expert presented in television discourse during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. The analysis focuses on the main editions of news broadcasts: Wiadomości (TVP1), Wydarzenia (Polsat), Fakty (TVN). They were broadcast from March 4, 2020 to July 12, 2020, i.e. from the first case to the second round of the presidential election in Poland. The material for the analysis consists of the news programs, which were excerpted based on the encoded material developed within the project “COVID-19 – the Black Series Continues” funded by the COVID- 19 Research competition of Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań [Rybka, Wrześniewska-Pietrzak, Wiatrowski, Zagórska, Kołodziejczak, Świerkowska, Wyszyński 2021]. The selected news pieces included those featuring an expert. Qualitative and quantitative analyses of these broadcasts revealed the frequency of appearances of various experts and the diverse profiles of this concept in the analyzed news programs. This diversity stems fromthe fact that during the pandemic, television news programs featured experts who were not always specialists in the medical field. However, their words, used for persuasive purposes, allowed the authority of the expert to influence not only social moods but also the attitudes and actions taken by citizens.The aim of the article is to reconstruct the image of an expert presented in television discourse during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. The analysis focuses on the main editions of news broadcasts: Wiadomości (TVP1), Wydarzenia (Polsat), Fakty (TVN). They were broadcast from March 4, 2020 to July 12, 2020, i.e. from the first case to the second round of the presidential election in Poland. The material for the analysis consists of the news programs, which were excerpted based on the encoded material developed within the project “COVID-19 – the Black Series Continues” funded by the COVID- 19 Research competition of Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań [Rybka, Wrześniewska-Pietrzak, Wiatrowski, Zagórska, Kołodziejczak, Świerkowska, Wyszyński 2021]. The selected news pieces included those featuring an expert. Qualitative and quantitative analyses of these broadcasts revealed the frequency of appearances of various experts and the diverse profiles of this concept in the analyzed news programs. This diversity stems from the fact that during the pandemic, television news programs featured experts who were not always specialists in the medical field. However, their words, used for persuasive purposes, allowed the authority of the expert to influence not only social moods but also the attitudes and actions taken by citizens
Wspólnota rodzinna w korespondencji prywatnej Marii Konopnickiej (z antroponomastykonu familiolektu)
No full textThis article examines the family correspondence of Maria Konopnicka. Its aim is to analyze personal proper names appearing in 843 letters written by the poet to her closest family members: her husband, children, sons-in-law, daughter-inlaw and uncle. The research material includes over 140 anthroponyms – given names, surnames and nicknames – used exclusively to identify members of Konopnicka’s family. The given names and surnames occur in their formal forms or are morphologically modified. Formal transformations are also noticeable within nicknames. The structural modifications applied by the author intensify the expressive character of the names. A similar effect is achieved by augmenting the anthroponyms with evaluative-emotional descriptions, most often with a positive connotation. Negative emotions are signaled by reducing the names of her husband and one of her daughters to initials. The writer’s correspondence also confirms the practice of naming women and married couples using derivatives based on the husband’s name. The anthroponyms present in Konopnicka’s family language perform functions that are delimitative, phatic, appellative, stimulating, cognitive and evaluative-expressive in nature.This article examines the family correspondence of Maria Konopnicka. Its aim is to analyze personal proper names appearing in 843 letters written by the poet to her closest family members: her husband, children, sons-in-law, daughter-inlaw and uncle. The research material includes over 140 anthroponyms – given names, surnames and nicknames – used exclusively to identify members of Konopnicka’s family. The given names and surnames occur in their formal forms or are morphologically modified. Formal transformations are also noticeable within nicknames. The structural modifications applied by the author intensify the expressive character of the names. A similar effect is achieved by augmenting the anthroponyms with evaluative-emotional descriptions, most often with a positive connotation. Negative emotions are signaled by reducing the names of her husband and one of her daughters to initials. The writer’s correspondence also confirms the practice of naming women and married couples using derivatives based on the husband’s name. The anthroponyms present in Konopnicka’s family language perform functions that are delimitative, phatic, appellative, stimulating, cognitive and evaluative-expressive in nature
Słownictwo dawne w korespondencji rodzinnej Zofii Kossak – rekonesans badawczy
Full text linkThis article aims to answer the research question about the place of dated lexis in Zofia Kossak’s private idiolect as evidenced in her family correspondence. The research corpus collected for the analysis consisted of 607 letters, written between 1946 and 1968, and addressed to her daughter Anna and son Witold as well as her children’s spouses and their children. The lexical units classified as obsolete were marked through contrastive analysis and verified against the Dictionary of Polish Language edited by Witold Doroszewski (SJPDor). The study allows for drawing the conclusion that in the vivid natural language used by Kossak, dated lexical stock occupied anything but a marginal position (a total of 69 words were extracted from the research material qualified in SJPDor as obsolete or dated, e.g.: afekt [affect, emotion, love], dezolacja [desolation], felicytacja [congratulations, wishing well], hołdownik [derog. worshipper], rankor [anger, indignance or grief], oprymować [oppress], rewokować [revoke], maluczko [close shave] and 13 other dated morphological structures of the type tysiącolecie (reg. pl. tysiąclecie [millennium]), dokumenta (reg. pl. dokumenty [documents]). The presented list of lexemes is only an approximation. The main limitation of the reported research, related to the methodological assumptions it rests on, is that the vocabulary acquired the status “dated” in the mid- 20th century, but it was not marked with a chronological qualifier in SJPDor.This article aims to answer the research question about the place of dated lexis in Zofia Kossak’s private idiolect as evidenced in her family correspondence. The research corpus collected for the analysis consisted of 607 letters, written between 1946 and 1968, and addressed to her daughter Anna and son Witold as well as her children’s spouses and their children. The lexical units classified as obsolete were marked through contrastive analysis and verified against the Dictionary of Polish Language edited by Witold Doroszewski (SJPDor). The study allows for drawing the conclusion that in the vivid natural language used by Kossak, dated lexical stock occupied anything but a marginal position (a total of 69 words were extracted from the research material qualified in SJPDor as obsolete or dated, e.g.: afekt [affect, emotion, love], dezolacja [desolation], felicytacja [congratulations, wishing well], hołdownik [derog. worshipper], rankor [anger, indignance or grief], oprymować [oppress], rewokować [revoke], maluczko [close shave] and 13 other dated morphological structures of the type tysiącolecie (reg. pl. tysiąclecie [millennium]), dokumenta (reg. pl. dokumenty [documents]). The presented list of lexemes is only an approximation. The main limitation of the reported research, related to the methodological assumptions it rests on, is that the vocabulary acquired the status “dated” in the mid- 20th century, but it was not marked with a chronological qualifier in SJPDor
Rola tzw. Słownika wileńskiego w upowszechnianiu XIX-wiecznej terminologii chemicznej (na marginesie monografii Bogdana Walczaka, Słownik wileński na tle dziejów polskiej leksykografii)
Full text linkThe considerations presented in the article concern the role of the Vilnius Dictionary in the dissemination of chemical terminology in the context of the formation, unification and polishing of scientific terminology in the 19th century. The nominations of chemical elements were examined in detail. Being a general lexicon, the Vilnius Dictionary is a record of the formation (enrichment and deepening) of chemical terminology and its image in the first half of the century. The authors recalled, according to the state of science at the time, all the names of 66 elements, noting the unstable status of some of them. Juxtaposing several terms of the same concept in synonymous sequences, they highlighted the ongoing discussions which mainly concerned the introduction of nominations of the discovered elements, the interpolation of foreign names, the abandoning of the Latin -um ending in the Polish nomenclature and the change of names that reflected the “false” function of the elements. In doing so, they took into account the latest proposals set forth by terminology developers of the time. The Vilnius Dictionary reflects the linguistic practice of scientific communication, which contributed to the standardisation and dissemination of chemical terminology at the time.The considerations presented in the article concern the role of the Vilnius Dictionary in the dissemination of chemical terminology in the context of the formation, unification and polishing of scientific terminology in the 19th century. The nominations of chemical elements were examined in detail. Being a general lexicon, the Vilnius Dictionary is a record of the formation (enrichment and deepening) of chemical terminology and its image in the first half of the century. The authors recalled, according to the state of science at the time, all the names of 66 elements, noting the unstable status of some of them. Juxtaposing several terms of the same concept in synonymous sequences, they highlighted the ongoing discussions which mainly concerned the introduction of nominations of the discovered elements, the interpolation of foreign names, the abandoning of the Latin -um ending in the Polish nomenclature and the change of names that reflected the “false” function of the elements. In doing so, they took into account the latest proposals set forth by terminology developers of the time. The Vilnius Dictionary reflects the linguistic practice of scientific communication, which contributed to the standardisation and dissemination of chemical terminology at the time
Genre Indicators in ChatGPT Chatbot Dialogue Steps
Full text linkThis paper presents a typology and characteristics of frequently occurring types of dialogue steps in ChatGPT-3.5 chatbot conversations. Attention is paid to the design and structure, language and genre characteristics of such dialogue steps. Particularfocus is placed on dialogical steps created by the chatbot without prompting with regard to style or specifying a particular genre in which a response is desired.This paper presents a typology and characteristics of frequently occurring types of dialogue steps in ChatGPT-3.5 chatbot conversations. Attention is paid to the design and structure, language and genre characteristics of such dialogue steps. Particularfocus is placed on dialogical steps created by the chatbot without prompting with regard to style or specifying a particular genre in which a response is desired
Polish Street Namesakes. General Characteristics and Preliminary Outline for Analysing Urban Space Names
Full text linkThe article addresses the issue of commemorative street names as carriers of memory and signs of national identity. The overall collection of Polish streets, gathered in the TERYT database of the Central Statistical Office, is taken into consideration. The specificity of commemorative names and the essence of commemoration as a social phenomenon are discussed. The article presents a list of the 100 most common street namesakes in Poland, along with their most general characteristics (typology of namesakes) linked to numerical data. The final section sketchily outlines the research potential based on such a database, focused on unveiling significantaspects of Polish culture and value patterns.The article addresses the issue of commemorative street names as carriers of memory and signs of national identity. The overall collection of Polish streets, gathered in the TERYT database of the Central Statistical Office, is taken into consideration. The specificity of commemorative names and the essence of commemoration as a social phenomenon are discussed. The article presents a list of the 100 most common street namesakes in Poland, along with their most general characteristics (typology of namesakes) linked to numerical data. The final section sketchily outlines the research potential based on such a database, focused on unveiling significantaspects of Polish culture and value patterns
