Poznańskie Studia Polonistyczne. Seria Językoznawcza
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O potrzebie nowego słownika odapelatywnych nazwisk Polaków – perspektywy badawcze
Full text linkThe aim of the article is to discuss the issues related to identifying the etymology of Polish surnames derived from appellatives. It also proposes a study containing a more thorough explication of the motivation behind the effects of word-formation that have been used as surnames. It is argued that the use of appropriate methods for analysing personal proper names may significantly contribute to revealing the pragmatic aspects of personal names created in the past. The first part of the text presents the ways of describing the origin of the discussed names in the largest Polish dictionaries of anthroponyms. Its second part is devoted to the presentation of old nicknames (currently functioning as surnames) as messages of everyday communication and elements of the vernacular. This part justifies the idea of compiling a dictionary of Polish surnames based on appellatives which would make use of the tools of ethnolinguistic methodology, especially Ryszard Tokarski’s open definition. The last part of the text presents a proposal for a dictionary entry on the example of surnames derived from the appellative bystry [PL smart].The aim of the article is to discuss the issues related to identifying the etymology of Polish surnames derived from appellatives. It also proposes a study containing a more thorough explication of the motivation behind the effects of word-formation that have been used as surnames. It is argued that the use of appropriate methods for analysing personal proper names may significantly contribute to revealing the pragmatic aspects of personal names created in the past. The first part of the text presents the ways of describing the origin of the discussed names in the largest Polish dictionaries of anthroponyms. Its second part is devoted to the presentation of old nicknames (currently functioning as surnames) as messages of everyday communication and elements of the vernacular. This part justifies the idea of compiling a dictionary of Polish surnames based on appellatives which would make use of the tools of ethnolinguistic methodology, especially Ryszard Tokarski’s open definition. The last part of the text presents a proposal for a dictionary entry on the example of surnames derived from the appellative bystry [PL smart]
Diagnoza dymensjonalna zespołu Aspergera
Full text linkAsperger syndrome has been included in the common category of autistic disorders in current medical classifications. In spite of that, there are still some researches allowing us to see the differences in the structure and functioning of the brains of people with autism and Asperger syndrome. Differentiation at the level of diagnosis is important because of the different educational and therapeutic needs of children with autism and AS. This paper presents the concept of dimensional case assessment of children with Asperger syndrome. The dimensional approach allows for viewing the disorder multidimensionally, taking into account the severity of the phenomenon and in connection with other factors, not only other disorders, which significantly reduces the omission of non-prototypical cases in diagnoses and accelerates the use of therapeutic measures. It is necessary because of the low effectiveness of the diagnostic categorical approach.Asperger syndrome has been included in the common category of autistic disorders in current medical classifications. In spite of that, there are still some researches allowing us to see the differences in the structure and functioning of the brains of people with autism and Asperger syndrome. Differentiation at the level of diagnosis is important because of the different educational and therapeutic needs of children with autism and AS. This paper presents the concept of dimensional case assessment of children with Asperger syndrome. The dimensional approach allows for viewing the disorder multidimensionally, taking into account the severity of the phenomenon and in connection with other factors, not only other disorders, which significantly reduces the omission of non-prototypical cases in diagnoses and accelerates the use of therapeutic measures. It is necessary because of the low effectiveness of the diagnostic categorical approach
Językoznawcze zainteresowania Józefa Ignacego Kraszewskiego
Full text linkThe article is devoted to the linguistics interests of Józef Ignacy Kraszewki who views language as a complex lexical, syntactic and semantic structure rather than merely the matter used for creating a literary vision of the world. The subjects of the detailed analysis are the journalistic and quasi-linguistic texts published in Studia literackie (Literary studies) and Nowe studia literackie (New literary studies) which discuss the relics of the Polish language’s past and the development of its vocabulary, with particular focus on the status of loanwords, neologisms and archaisms from various stages of the development of the Polish language. The image that emerges from the analysed texts is one of a writer-linguist who perfectly understands the mechanisms that rule language and who shows that language is dynamic and changes due to the needs of its users and all possible external factors.The article is devoted to the linguistics interests of Józef Ignacy Kraszewki who views language as a complex lexical, syntactic and semantic structure rather than merely the matter used for creating a literary vision of the world. The subjects of the detailed analysis are the journalistic and quasi-linguistic texts published in Studia literackie (Literary studies) and Nowe studia literackie (New literary studies) which discuss the relics of the Polish language’s past and the development of its vocabulary, with particular focus on the status of loanwords, neologisms and archaisms from various stages of the development of the Polish language. The image that emerges from the analysed texts is one of a writer-linguist who perfectly understands the mechanisms that rule language and who shows that language is dynamic and changes due to the needs of its users and all possible external factors
Z problematyki opisu frazeologii publicystycznej
Full text linkThe article analyses the sources of phraseological units occurring in the media and in journalistic texts of contemporary Polish language. The first part of the article contains a few remarks on two types of new noun phrases, e.g. Europa dwu prędkości (two-/multi-speed Europe), mowa nienawiści (hate speech), dane wrażliwe (sensitive data). The second part indicates the main problems related to the linguistic description of phraseology in journalism: the phraseologism – term relation and the difficulties in identifying the sources of phraseological units (the type of loanword).The article analyses the sources of phraseological units occurring in the media and in journalistic texts of contemporary Polish language. The first part of the article contains a few remarks on two types of new noun phrases, e.g. Europa dwu prędkości (two-/multi-speed Europe), mowa nienawiści (hate speech), dane wrażliwe (sensitive data). The second part indicates the main problems related to the linguistic description of phraseology in journalism: the phraseologism – term relation and the difficulties in identifying the sources of phraseological units (the type of loanword)
Techniki ustanawiania ekwiwalencji w wybranych tekstach stylu urzędowego z XVII i XVIII wieku
Full text linkEquivalence may be interpreted as the relationship between units of the same language or two different languages. The article analyses the equivalence between units of the same linguistic system, with the assumption that equivalence is the relationship between words/phrases with a common referent. This is a semantic relationship strongly dependent on context; one which is fully realised only on the level of parole, a specific use. The analysed material comprises inventories, surveys and testaments from the seventeenth and (mostly) eighteenth centuries. The aim of the article is to present the methods for determining equivalence between the units present in the text. Seven of such methods are highlighted.Equivalence may be interpreted as the relationship between units of the same language or two different languages. The article analyses the equivalence between units of the same linguistic system, with the assumption that equivalence is the relationship between words/phrases with a common referent. This is a semantic relationship strongly dependent on context; one which is fully realised only on the level of parole, a specific use. The analysed material comprises inventories, surveys and testaments from the seventeenth and (mostly) eighteenth centuries. The aim of the article is to present the methods for determining equivalence between the units present in the text. Seven of such methods are highlighted
Prosty język w komunikacji prawniczej – okiem redaktora językowego
Full text linkThe article discusses the practical use of plain language rules in editing law-related texts. The author believes that it is possible and worth the effort to write legal texts in accordance with the rules of plain language, i.e. with the expected reader in mind, giving examples of rewritten sentences taken from the articles for an online law portal. The author divides the processes in terms of ‘structural order’ and ‘linguistic order’ and shows that even cosmetic editing in the spirit of plain language, without affecting the text’s structure, improves its intelligibility.The article discusses the practical use of plain language rules in editing law-related texts. The author believes that it is possible and worth the effort to write legal texts in accordance with the rules of plain language, i.e. with the expected reader in mind, giving examples of rewritten sentences taken from the articles for an online law portal. The author divides the processes in terms of ‘structural order’ and ‘linguistic order’ and shows that even cosmetic editing in the spirit of plain language, without affecting the text’s structure, improves its intelligibility
Argumentacja ex auctoritate w uzasadnianiu twierdzeń w tekstach homilii
Full text linkEach public speech (including the homily) should be associated with showing the right which serves as the basis for accepting the presented statements. This is one of the fundamental features of the correct construction of a statement. The theological content of a homily can be presented on the basis of the classical form of argumentum ex auctoritate. As an inductive structure, this argument may promote specific ways of organising the whole speech. Firstly, in the rhetorical inventio structure, it allows the author to control the semantic coherence of the text. Secondly, in the structure of dispositio, the authority can make for an interesting use of rhetorical narrative in homily text. Thirdly, argumentum ex auctoritate can be used to build the ethos of the preacher. Thanks to the above proposals, it is possible to influence the processuality of the text, which may determine the recognition and assimilation of the different key elements, both of which are crucial for preaching.Each public speech (including the homily) should be associated with showing the right which serves as the basis for accepting the presented statements. This is one of the fundamental features of the correct construction of a statement. The theological content of a homily can be presented on the basis of the classical form of argumentum ex auctoritate. As an inductive structure, this argument may promote specific ways of organising the whole speech. Firstly, in the rhetorical inventio structure, it allows the author to control the semantic coherence of the text. Secondly, in the structure of dispositio, the authority can make for an interesting use of rhetorical narrative in homily text. Thirdly, argumentum ex auctoritate can be used to build the ethos of the preacher. Thanks to the above proposals, it is possible to influence the processuality of the text, which may determine the recognition and assimilation of the different key elements, both of which are crucial for preaching
Magdalena Grabowska, Komunikacja oknem na kulturę. Wspólnota dyskursu kulturowym wymiarem funkcjonowania społeczności ewangelikalnej, Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Gdańskiego, Gdańsk 2017, ss. 235
Full text linkRecenzja. Magdalena Grabowska, Komunikacja oknem na kulturę. Wspólnota dyskursu kulturowym wymiarem funkcjonowania społeczności ewangelikalnej, Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Gdańskiego, Gdańsk 2017, ss. 235Recenzja. Magdalena Grabowska, Komunikacja oknem na kulturę. Wspólnota dyskursu kulturowym wymiarem funkcjonowania społeczności ewangelikalnej, Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Gdańskiego, Gdańsk 2017, ss. 23
O świadomości genologicznej Józefa Piłsudskiego (rekonesans)
Full text linkThe article describes Józef Piłsudski’s texts on various types of speech. The bibliography of Piłudski’s works includes over thirty types of speech, which speaks to his linguistic agility. Our outline includes the analysis of four selected types of texts: aphorism, diatribe, denunciation and feuilleton written in various times in the course of his life. All of them were persuasive in nature and were written using a highly emotional language.The article describes Józef Piłsudski’s texts on various types of speech. The bibliography of Piłudski’s works includes over thirty types of speech, which speaks to his linguistic agility. Our outline includes the analysis of four selected types of texts: aphorism, diatribe, denunciation and feuilleton written in various times in the course of his life. All of them were persuasive in nature and were written using a highly emotional language
Leksykografia Andrzeja Calagiusa. Uwagi wstępne
Full text linkThe aim of this article is to review the lexicography of Andrzej Calagius, to present a list of his dictionaries of synonyms and to correct the misinformation about his dictionaries. The article describes three German-Polish-Latin editions (1579, 1595, 1602), one German-Latin edition (1597), and two Latin editions (1592 and 1594). It also proves that these multilingual editions are not revised versions of the 1579 edition but independent dictionaries.The aim of this article is to review the lexicography of Andrzej Calagius, to present a list of his dictionaries of synonyms and to correct the misinformation about his dictionaries. The article describes three German-Polish-Latin editions (1579, 1595, 1602), one German-Latin edition (1597), and two Latin editions (1592 and 1594). It also proves that these multilingual editions are not revised versions of the 1579 edition but independent dictionaries