IBBU Journals (Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University)
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Macroeconomic and Socio-Demographic Determinants of Longevity in Nigeria
No full textNigeria is characterized as a country with the lowest life expectancy rate globally. Hence, this study empirically estimated the effect of macroeconomic and socio-demographic characteristics on life expectancy in Nigeria. The study covered a period of 1986 to 2022 and employed Auto-regressive Distributive Lag (ARDL) to model the said effect. Findings revealed that reduction in population growth, domestic and external debts could improve life expectancy in the long-run. Additionally, increase in per capita income and consumption expenditure would improve longevity in Nigeria. The error correction model (ECM) term of –0.2596 demonstrated that a 25% deviation from the long-run equilibrium in longevity is improved annually. Following the results from this investigation, this study recommended that focus should be on strengthening macroeconomic and socio-demographic indicators in Nigeria
Impact of Transport and Communication Expenditure on Economic Growth in Nigeria, 1981-2022
No full textMany studies have examined the impact of transport and communication spending on economic growth in Nigeria, but it is difficult to say for sure if the relationship is beneficial for economic growth. This study is crucial because prior empirical findings conclusions have not been universally accepted. This research aims to analyze the impact of transport and communication expenditures on Nigeria\u27s economic growth from 1981 to 2022. The study employs the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model as the analytical method, utilizing secondary data obtained from the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) Statistical Bulletin and the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS). The study discovered a long-term relationship between public expenditure on transport and communication and Nigeria\u27s economic growth. The findings showed that public capital spending on transport and communication (TRANS-COMMC) had a positive and significant effect in both the long and short run, with coefficients of 0.02 and 0.01, respectively. However, public recurrent expenditure on transport and communication (TRANS-COMMRE) and inflation (INF) were found to have a negative but significant impact in the long run, with coefficients of -0.19 and -0.007. The study concluded that public expenditure on transport and communication contributed to economic growth in Nigeria, consistent with Keynesian theory. It recommended that the government should allocate more funds to the transport and communication sectors. Also, high degree of transparency and accountability on public expenditure becomes a prerequisite in the sector in order to avert mismanagement or misappropriation of resources. Government should also strive to reduce inflation to a single digit
Behavioural Effect of Promotion on Cussstomer Loyalty among Selected Banks in Jigawa State
No full textThis study examined the behavioural effect of Promotion on customer loyalty in the banking sector of Jigawa State, Nigeria. The study adopted the Behavioral Perspective Model (BPM) The study used multiple regression analysis to analyse data from 2,662 customers across four banks; Zenith Bank, Fidelity Bank, First Bank Nigeria Plc, and UBA. The findings revealed a significant impact of specific promotion on customer loyalty, such as the type, objectives, and sometimes the duration and frequency of promotions. In line with the findings, this study among other recommendations indicated that the varying effectiveness of promotional strategies across different banks, a customer-centric approach tailored to each bank’s clientele’s demographic and cultural context is crucial. All banks should consider employing advanced analytics to gain deeper insights into customer preferences and behaviours. This could inform more personalized and effective promotional strategies
Sustainable Competitive Advantage in the Legal Industry: A Review of Business Strategies and Market Entry Approaches for Gowling WLG in Japan and Nigeria
No full textThe modern business landscape has been notably disrupted by events like the COVID-19 pandemic, which reduced global trade by 13% to 23% in 2020, affecting the triple bottom line—profit, people, and planet—of the legal industry. This research develops a sustainable competitive advantage framework for Gowling WLG in emerging markets, focusing on Japan and Nigeria. The study compares Gowling WLG\u27s business strategies and market entry approaches through a strategic management model and case study design, comparing the firm\u27s operations in these diverse markets. Data was collected via document analysis, interviews, field observations, and megatrend articles to evaluate the competitive landscape. A context analysis of existing literature helped formulate relevant themes. Findings reveal the dynamic nature of the legal sector, influenced by political stability, economic conditions, technological advancements, and environmental concerns. Despite challenges like Brexit, global growth opportunities and threats coexist. Gowling\u27s strengths include global recognition and advanced technology, but it also faces challenges in innovation and leadership. Opportunities lie in expanding the high-legal industry and offering sustainability-focused services, though cybersecurity risks and economic instability are significant threats. Strategic alliances with local firms for risk management and expertise are advised. Entering Japan requires thorough research, local collaboration, and cultural sensitivity. This research contributes to the empirical and theoretical literature, noting data reliability limitations, especially in Nigeria
Leadership Failure as a Drawback to Africa’s Socio-Economic Development: Analysis of the Challenges and the way forward
No full textLeadership crises in Africa has precipitated series of military coups, insecurity and other myriad of challenges various states in the continent have been plagued with since their independence from colonial subjugation. And these, as many scholars contended, account for the unenviable position of the continent in developmental indexes—like the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) Human Development index (HDI) which ranked world countries based on key developmental dimensions and indicators. With focus on leadership landscape, this paper examined the continent’s developmental challenges, the efforts made to curb them at national and continental levels, and the way forward. Secondary data sourced from journal articles and published reports formed the bedrock of the analysis which, first, traced the root of the challenges to the balkanisation of the African continent during colonial rule, and second, showed the failure of the persistent experimentation of unrefined western models of democracy in post-independence Africa. The paper therefore posited that without derogating from 21st century universal leadership values, home-grown democracy that will inculcate African values and ensure inclusion of all ethnoreligious groups holds the key to ending the continent’s leadership crises, which would in turn set it on track for sustainable development
Economic Globalization and Public Debt in Nigeria
No full textThis study investigated the relationship between globalization and public debt in Nigeria. With data from 1981 to 2022, Fully Modified OLS (FMOLS), Dynamic OLS (DOLS) and Canonical Cointegration Regression (CCR) estimation techniques were employed. Three different models were estimated. Across all three models, the results showed that there is a significant positive relationship between public debt and economic globalization in Nigeria. A one unit increase in globalization translates to a 26% jump in Nigeria’s public debt. The implication of this finding is that while Nigeria embraces global economic integration, a lot of caution must be observed because it comes at a huge cost to the nation. The cost to Nigeria is a high public debt burden. Already, the country is struggling to ensure that her public debts are sustainable and so we must not add too much pressure to our debt burden. This study recommends that the Nigerian government must undertake careful analysis of the various trade and financial globalization partnerships and agreements before signing any. It is important that we strike a balance between integrating into the global economy and maintaining sustainable public debt levels. The consequence of not doing this is that all gains made in the name of globalization could be eroded by high public debt repayment
A rank-order analysis of Psychometrics, Risk Perceptions, and Travel Behaviour among Selected Motorists in Lagos State, Nigeria
No full textPsychometrics and risk perceptions influence motorists\u27 travel modes. Driver conduct is crucial to calculating travel cost, distance, and time. Psychometrics, risk perception, and travel behaviour of Lagos State motorists were examined in this study. Using the survey approach with the multiphase sampling techniques which comprised of quota and convenience, data were gathered through a structured questionnaire from the selected registered motorists. The sample size of two hundred and eighty-nine (289) was estimated. The data analytical techniques employed were descriptive statistics and Friedman rank test. The findings revealed rank test of psychometrics, risk perceptions, and travel behaviour of selected motorists in Lagos State. It also established that risk perceptions metrics such as roads’ vulnerabilities, choices, trusts, and fears be quantified while the motorists are on the Lagos roads. Conclusively, the study ensure that motorists are conscious of their travel behaviour in terms of travel quality, costs, distance, modes, and times for effective transport systems. The study recommended that traffic authorities are advised to use psychometrics to detect high-risk drivers and train them for their psychological characteristics. The government should reward safe drivers, as indicated by psychometric evaluations, with public acknowledgement, lower insurance premiums, or other incentives
INSECURITY AND UNDERDEVELOPMENT OF RIVERS STATE, NIGERIA 2014 – 2023
No full textThis research discusses security challenge as a global phenomenon because insecurity affects every parts of the world in different gravity. Insecurity is responsible for the daily increase in crime in Rivers State between 2014 – 2023. Between the aforementioned periods, cultism, kidnapping, armed robbery and assassinations were the order of the day. These untold catastrophe affected livelihood, mobility businesses agriculture and employment which resultant effect is the systematic underdevelopment of the parts of the state. With the help of Frustration Aggression theory, descriptive research design and secondary method of data collection, the study discovered that the systematic underdevelopment of Rivers State resulted from the high rate of insecurity that bedeviled it and recommended the renovation of damaged basic infrastructures by angry and hungry youths, provision of employment opportunities and the sustenance of community vigilant groups as a recipe
SOCIO-ECONOMIC DETERMINANTS OF OPEN DEFECATION IN LAPAI COMMUNITY: A POLICY PERSPECTIVE
No full textOpen defecation persists as a critical public health and environmental challenge in rural areas, including Lapai Community, due to socio-economic barriers and ineffective policy interventions. This study examined socio-economic determinants of open defecation in Lapai Community: A policy perspective. Adopting a descriptive survey design, data were collected from 315 respondents using structured questionnaires. The study is grounded in the human capabilities approach, which focuses on enhancing individuals\u27 freedoms and capabilities to achieve essential outcomes, such as access to proper sanitation. This framework highlights the interplay between material resources, education, and public policy in shaping sanitation practices. The findings reveal that socio-economic factors, including poverty, unemployment, and limited education, are major contributors to the persistence of open defecation. Additionally, the study finds that current poverty alleviation policies have failed to make significant impacts due to inadequate implementation and a lack of community-specific strategies. This underscores the need for policies that address both the financial and educational barriers to improved sanitation. The study recommends the development of integrated approaches combining subsidies for sanitation facilities, targeted public health education, and active community participation. Such strategies can empower communities to adopt sustainable sanitation practices, thereby reducing open defecation
Women and Violent Conflicts in Postcolonial Africa: A Study of Richard Ali’s City of Memories
No full textThis study examines the role(s) of women in sanctioning or restraining violent conflicts in Africa as fictionalised in City of Memories. Arguing against the notion that women are exonerated from the orchestrations of violent conflicts in postcolonial Africa, the study builds on existing analyses of violence in African novel to interrogate the actions and reactions of major female characters. It posits that the experiences and dispositions of these characters condition their attitude to violent conflicts. The study avers that the quest to maintain power and agitations for equal rights with men by major female characters in the novel are pivotal to violent eruptions. In addition, the idea of feminism and its interpretation, fraught relationship, and the quest for revenge activate or suppress violent instincts in Ali\u27s major female characters. It concludes that against its perceived unaccommodating tendencies, the symbol of patriarchy in the novel creates the atmosphere for peace and tranquility to prevail