IBBU Journals (Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University)
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A TRACE ELEMENT ANALYSIS IN SOME NIGERIAN FOODS:A CASE STUDY OF LAPAI, NIGER STATE
No full textTrace elements are critical in the nutritional intake of human beings, though, excessive consumption can be hazardous. This research paper has determined the levels of the selected trace elements in the popular Nigerian foodstuffs available at the Lapai Local Government Area in Niger State, Nigeria. A total of ten food samples including cereals (rice, millet), tubers (cassava, sweet potato), legumes (beans, groundnut), fruits (orange, plantain), and spices (ginger, garlic) were sampled to the Lapai market. Elemental determination was done by subjecting the samples to properly dry them in an oven, crushing them, and wet digestion with the help of nitric acid and perchloric acid. Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) was used to quantify the concentrations of copper (Cu), iron (Fe), magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn) and zinc (Zn) concentrations. The levels of Cu and Fe were found to be 0.89-1.96 and 0.20-25.80 with 0.67-4.77 and 0.13-6.71 respectively. The levels of Mg, Mn and Zn were found to be 0.67-4.77, 0.13-6.71 and 3.52-4.53 respectively in the samples analyzed. The concentration of Fe was found to be the highest in beans, whereas the concentration of Mn was the highest in plantain. The concentration of all the measured trace elements was less than the set permissible limits and recommended dietary intake limits on international regulatory bodies. The results suggest that the foodstuffs under analysis are not toxic with regard to trace elements and play a moderate role in terms of the dietary mineral intake. In the present study, baseline information on trace element compositions of selected foods eaten in Lapai is given and more investigation with replicate analysis and the use of advanced methods of analysis are given to enhance the statistical strength
RENEWABLE ENERGY CONSUMPTION, GROSS DOMESTIC SAVINGS AND ECONOMIC GROWTH NEXUS IN WEST AFRICA
No full textAs the trend in increasing demand for energy, energy security, increasing change in climates, and the rising rate of globalization and determination for economic growth continues to gain momentum, governments all over the world are paying more attention to the far-reaching impacts on ideas that can ensure growth in their various nations. The paper examines the relationship between renewable energy consumption, gross domestic savings and economic development in west Africa using panel data for 15 countries from 1997 to 2020. The long-run PMG analysis results show the variables\u27 individual contributions. Renewable energy consumption was positively related to economic growth in the long run; gross domestic savings were only significant in the short run showing a positive relationship with economic growth, which is in line with Solow Swan\u27s idea on the growth model in the short run but was not significant in the long run. The interaction of both GDS and REC was not substantial in the long run showing both variables only contribute individually to the economic growth in west Africa. ECM shows a 22% rate of speed of adjustment in case of disequilibrium in the short run. Suggestions was made for policy recommendations that can bhoost the impact of energy consumptions and domestic savings towards ecomomic growth in the country
IMPACT OF BOKO HARAM TERRORISM ON FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT (FDI) INFLOWS IN THE NORTH EAST NIGERIA (2015 – 2024)
No full textThe persistent activities of Boko Haram terrorism have posed significant challenges to Nigeria\u27s socio-economic development, particularly affecting Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) inflows. This study investigates the Impact of Boko Haram Terrorism on Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) Inflows in the North East Nigeria, (2015 – 2024). The primary objective is to analyze how terrorist activities influence foreign investors\u27 confidence and decisions, utilizing the Marxist theory to understand the socio-economic implications of terrorism as a class struggle exacerbated by imperialistic interventions. An Ex-Post Facto research design was employed to examine existing data on Boko Haram terrorism and FDI inflows. The population of this study consists of three thousand five hundred and ten (3,511) individuals, encompassing government officials, investors, and residents in affected areas. A stratified random sampling technique was used to ensure a representative sample, resulting in approximately 350 respondents. The findings reveal a significant negative correlation between Boko Haram terrorist activities and FDI inflows in Nigeria. The study indicates that increased terrorism-related incidents lead to decreased foreign investments, as investors are deterred by the high-risk environment. Additionally, the findings highlight the broader economic repercussions, including job losses and stunted economic growth, further entrenching poverty and instability. Based on these findings, the study recommends that the Nigerian government intensify its counter-terrorism efforts to create a secure environment conducive to attracting foreign investments. Additionally, there should be a focus on socio-economic development programs to address the root causes of terrorism, including poverty and unemployment. Strengthening regional and international collaborations to combat terrorism and fostering a stable political climate are also essential measures to restore investor confidence and boost FDI inflows in Nigeria
IMPACT OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ON CONSUMER PURCHASING DECISIONS
No full textThis study investigates the impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) on consumer purchasing decisions, specifically in the context of online banking among university undergraduates in North-Central Nigeria. The research aims to examine the role of AI-driven tools, particularly Chatbots, in enhancing consumer trust and loyalty, as well as the influence of ethical concerns such as privacy and algorithmic bias on consumer perceptions. The study adopts a quantitative approach, utilizing a descriptive survey design with a sample of 627 university undergraduates. The findings reveal a significant relationship between the use of chatbots and overall consumer trust (P<.001), highlighting the importance of AI-driven tools in improving customer satisfaction and loyalty (p<.001). Additionally, ethical concerns were found to play a crucial role in influencing consumer trust in AI systems, with transparency and data protection being key factors (P<.001). The study also demonstrates that both AI tools and ethical considerations contribute jointly to consumer trust and loyalty in online banking (P<.001). Based on these findings, the study recommends that online banking platforms should invest in AI technologies, prioritize ethical practices, and educate consumers about the benefits of AI to foster trust and loyalty
HYDRO-SEDIMENTOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF AQUIFER PROPERTIES IN PARTS OF SOUTHERN ANAMBRA BASIN
No full textNigeria’s cities lack potable water supply due to failed municipal water supply systems, leading to groundwater reliance. Understanding hydrogeological settings of some basins like Anambra Basin is tough due to its complex geological heterogeneity and varying sedimentary structures. The commonly used electrical resistivity method has ambiguity issues because it often struggles to distinguish between different lithological units with similar resistivity values, leading to misinterpretation of subsurface geology. The alternative hydro-sedimentological approach estimates aquifer properties from grain size. In this study, twenty-five (25) sand samples were collected from boreholes cuttings; this is because sands are the primary aquifer-hosting materials in southern Anambra Basin. Ten empirical relationships were used to estimate hydraulic conductivities from the grain size data. Porosity, specific yield (SY), and specific retention (SR) were also empirically determined. Pumping data were available for ten (10) locations. For the remaining fifteen (15) locations, where pumping tests were not conducted, permeameter tests were performed on well cuttings to estimate hydraulic conductivity. The graphic mean of the sands ranges from 0.071 to 1.533phi, indicating that the sands are mainly medium-sized. Fractional porosity values, Specific yield and Specific retention range from 0.260 to 0.392, 0.274 to 0.039, and 0.125 to 0.322, respectively. Hydraulic conductivity ranges estimated from Hazen Simplified, Slichter, Terzaghi, Beyer, Sauerbrei, USBR, Barr, Alyamani & Sen, Chapuis, and Uma models are between 1.31-22.37m/day, 0.31-6.85m/day, 0.5-12m/day, 1.4-19m/day, 1.22-16.71m/day, 1.42-13.37m/day, 0.36-9.3m/day, 0.01-8.72m/day, 0.17-11.3m/day, and 0.02-10.64m/day respectively. Hydraulic conductivity obtained from pumping test ranges from 0.89 to 7.06m/day, while the values are 0.0864 to 25.488m/day from permeameter test, classifying the aquifers as having medium to high groundwater potential according to Terzaghi, Barr, Chapius and Uma estimates. In conclusion, this study was able to map out the groundwater potential of the area and revealed the most suitable empirical relation for estimating groundwater potentials within the area
Reforming Science Education for National Integration in Nigeria: Bridging Divides through Innovation and Inclusion
No full textDespite numerous efforts by successive Nigerian governments to promote national integration through policies and programmes, the country continues to face persistent challenges rooted in ethnic, religious, and political divisions. This paper examines science education reform as a strategic tool for promoting national integration in Nigeria. Despite numerous policy efforts by successive governments to foster unity, the country remains deeply divided along ethnic, religious, and political lines. A key gap in existing research lies in the underexplored role of science education in addressing these divisions and fostering a cohesive national identity. The study highlights how science education, when reformed to reflect innovation, self-reliance, and societal needs, can empower youth, reduce unemployment, and promote national unity. It critically analyses the Nigerian education sector, noting inconsistencies in curriculum development, policy implementation, and the alignment of educational content with national objectives. The paper argues that without deliberate efforts to reform science education to reflect contemporary challenges and integration goals, national unity will remain elusive. It concludes by recommending pragmatic strategies for embedding national integration goals into science education reforms
Perspectives of Ndako Kutigi’s Selected Songs on the 2019 Elections in Niger State
No full textSongs generally have multiple roles and functions in every society. Political songs in general are a powerful means of communication to the electorate. This study examines the influence of selected political songs by Ndako Kutigi on the 2019 general elections in Niger State, focusing on the content, composition, structure, and style of these songs. The research explores how these songs affected voter perception and contributed to the election outcome. Using the theoretical frameworks of Formalism and Deconstruction, the study demonstrates that Ndako Kutigi’s songs played a significant role in shaping political opinion, mobilising support, and influencing voter behaviour. The findings confirm that political songs were instrumental in supporting specific candidates while discrediting others. The paper concludes with recommendations for preserving and enhancing the use of political songs as a cultural and political communication tool in democratic processes
“Food is a Munition of War”: Second World War and The British Food Control Scheme in Southwestern Nigeria, 1939 – 1945
No full textThe Second World War profoundly impacted many aspects of the colonial economies. Some of the areas affected were food production, consumption, and exportation. This article examines the far-reaching consequences of the Second World War (1939-1945) on the food crisis in Southwestern Nigeria. Due to the effects of the war and wartime development, the British colonial government resorted to a price control scheme known as the Pullen Price Control Scheme to regulate the market prices of foodstuffs. The scheme was considered necessary due to the increasing scarcity, inflation, and demand for foodstuffs. Hence, this article, which relies on primary and secondary data sourced from the National Archives, Ibadan, and published books and journals, examines the British food control price scheme during the Second World War. The article finds that the responses of the colonial government regarding food price control were influenced by the high prices of food in urban centres and, consequently, the inability of hinterland-producing areas to meet the growing demands for foodstuffs. However, the market and food price control initiatives faced stiff resistance from market women and retail businesses, which was countered by indigenous traders who sabotaged their efforts through the impersonation of price control officers and the black market economy. The indigenous resistance contributed to the disruption of the control price scheme, which was considered a policy of commercial exploitation and market control. The article concludes that the Second World War had a significant impact on Nigerian citizens on the home front through the introduction of wartime policies aimed at providing necessary support to the British and maintaining colonial control during the war
Colonialism, Christianity and Western Education as Instruments of Imperialism: A Case Study of Nigeria
No full textThe paper identifies colonisation, Christianity, and Western education (CCWE) as instruments of imperialism and Western hegemony, particularly in Nigeria. The paper’s objective is to examine the influence of colonialism, Christianity, and Western education as instruments of Westernisation. The paper employs historical methodology within the framework of the theory of selective addition that is guided by three laws: the law of identity (what is true is true), the law of contradiction (contradictory judgements cannot both be true), and the law of excluded middle (any statement is either true or false). The paper argues that European nations undertook their imperial projects primarily to enrich their home countries at the expense of their colonies. With Christianity and Western education as institutions of collaboration, they replaced original African religious, political, social, and economic systems with Western alternatives, which are largely responsible for the corruption of African culture. The research concludes that the entrenchment of corruption culture in Nigeria was a legacy of CCWE. Therefore, corrupt practices in contemporary Nigeria can be traced back to CCWE
Beyond Words: A Critical Examination of Context in Communication Processes
No full textCommunication is more than the transmission of words; it is a dynamic process that derives meaning from context. Scholars in pragmatics, sociolinguistics, and intercultural communication have consistently emphasised that words alone cannot account for the complexity of human interaction. This paper critically examines the role of context in shaping communication processes, exploring how situational, cultural, linguistic, psychological, and technological factors influence interpretation and understanding. Drawing on theoretical frameworks such as Speech Act Theory (Austin, 1962), Relevance Theory, and Hall’s High-Context and Low-Context Cultural Paradigms, the study demonstrates that meaning is always situated and contingent. Neglecting context can lead to miscommunication, intercultural conflict, and distorted representation, particularly in political and digital interactions where contextual cues are often overlooked. By synthesising insights from various traditions, this paper highlights the necessity of context-sensitive approaches to both communication theory and practice. The implications extend to intercultural competence, organisational communication, and media framing, offering pathways for more inclusive and effective communicative practices