IBBU Journals (Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University)
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COMPARATIVE STUDY ON RUSSIAN AND UKRAINE WAR: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
No full textThe application of systematic review approach in answering socio-political questions, although adjudged to be quite meticulous and reliable, has not been fully embraced in the field of political science. The objective of this study, is to document and apply this approach in answering the question of how some global geopolitical regions perceive the Russia-Ukraine war. Using the content analysis method the research selected and systematically reviewed 25 articles that cut across the Western, Asian and the African regions to determine their perspectives of the war and how these perceptions have influenced their level of involvements in the crisis. The findings of the study show that most Western based articles and governments and their alliances across other regions, considered Russia as the aggressor that need to be stopped at all cost, this believe is what informed the level of support they have given to Ukraine thus far. On the other hand, Asia journals and governments, while not overtly supporting the invasion, considered Western countries and their military alliance the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) expansionist conduct into Russia area of influence as the primary reason for Russian actions in Ukraine. African perception is that of neutral disposition without overtly committing resource and personnel to allied with any of the warring parties. The study therefore recommends that the U.S and its Western and other collaborators should stop the expansionist tendencies of NATO into Russia area of influence. Russia should also stop this war and other oppressive activities in Ukraine on the premise that the U.S and its cohorts give concrete commitment to stop further military expansion in the Asia region. Also, the global community should come together to assist Ukraine to rebuild its destroyed infrastructure and her economy in general
TRANS-BORDER CRIME AND HUMAN SECURITY IN NIGERIA
No full textNigeria is facing serious security challenges that are consuming lives and properties and threatening the existence of the world’s most populous black nation. The aim of this paper is to examine the relationship between transnational crime and human security in Nigeria in order to identify the forces behind the trend of transnational crime in the country. Using ex-post fact research design, the study relied on secondary sources of data that was subjected to content analysis. The paper finds out that upsurge in the rate of crime, militancy, banditry, and overall insurgency cannot be divorced as consequence of the massive arms trade and trafficking in Nigeria. With more than 7 million illicit arms circulating in the country, the trend is aided by the porous Nigeria’s land border, complicity of political actors and agents of law enforcement agencies. Drug trafficking is another trans-border crime that is rife in Nigeria. Between 2000 and 2014, the NDLEA arrested 86,314 for drug related offences while the number of drug traffickers increased to 80,826 in 2014 from 464 in 1990. Majority of the victims of human trafficking from Africa are Nigerians. In this study, two forces were identified as responsible for the trend in transnational crime in Nigeria namely: political and economic forces. The paper recommends that government must demonstrate the political will to end the country’s economic woes as this is the root of trans-border crimes in Nigeria and increase the capacity of relevant institutions towards containing transnational crime
Assessment of Public Relations Strategies Adopted by Zitra Analytics and Consulting Limited Abuja in Building Corporate Image
No full textThe study examined the public relations strategies employed by Zitra Analytics and Consulting Limited, Abuja, in enhancing its corporate image. The objectives include identifying the public relations strategies adopted by Zitra Analytics and Consulting Limited, Abuja, in building its corporate image; assessing their effectiveness and influence; and examining the challenges encountered in implementing these strategies. The persuasion theory guided the study. A survey research design was employed, with data collected from 27 participants through the deployment of a questionnaire. The study revealed, among other things, that Zitra Analytics and Consulting Limited, Abuja, regularly engages in public relations practices, which implies that the organisation has a knowledge of the need to practice public relations. Some public relations strategies include word-of-mouth, media relations, corporate social responsibility, and branding of vehicles, equipment, and shirts, as well as maintaining a beautiful environment and fostering community relations. The study concluded that the public relations strategies adopted are on a high scale; thus, the nature of adoption and utilisation of public relations strategies has influenced the effective management of the company on a high level. It was recommended that the organisation include more public relations strategies as a priority in its management function and as part of its leadership, as this would make the organisation more proactive and increase productivity
Industrialisation, Resource Dependency and Sustainable Development in Nigeria: Lessons from Japan
No full textDespite its mineral wealth, active and vibrant human capital, and youthful population, Nigeria lags behind other major nations in terms of development. This paper explores the contrasting developmental pathways of Japan and Nigeria to identify Nigeria’s policy and strategic missteps. Focusing on Japan’s inward-looking industrialisation and Nigeria’s resource dependency, the study traces Japan’s economic transformation during the Meiji Restoration and its post-World War II economic miracle. It highlights Japan’s strategic emphasis on domestic capacity building, technological innovation, and collaboration between government and industry. In contrast, Nigeria’s post-colonial economic trajectory has been characterised by a heavy reliance on oil exports, limited industrial diversification, and recurring political instability. Employing a qualitative comparative analysis grounded in historical institutionalism and policy review, this paper examines how Japan’s self-reliant strategies led to sustained economic growth and resilience, while Nigeria’s dependency on external resources created long-term economic vulnerabilities. Drawing on Japan’s experience, the study distils key lessons applicable to Nigeria’s development context and offers policy recommendations aimed at fostering sustainable growth and economic diversification. Finally, the paper provides broader insights into how development strategies influence national stability and long-term prosperity
Assessing the Use of Social Media by A. A Sule Campaign Council in the 2023 Gubernatorial Elections in Nasarawa State
No full textSocial media platforms have revolutionised political communication and electoral processes globally, becoming essential tools for voter engagement and campaign mobilisation. This study examines the utilisation of social media by Governor A.A. Sule\u27s campaign council during the 2023 gubernatorial elections in Nasarawa State, Nigeria, with a focus on platform effectiveness, voter influence, and associated challenges. Using a survey research design, data were collected from 400 respondents across the state to assess the impact of various social media strategies on electoral outcomes. The findings reveal that Facebook (80%) and WhatsApp (77%) were the dominant platforms for campaign messaging, with 61% of voters acknowledging that online content influenced their electoral decisions. While the campaign successfully mobilised youth and urban demographics, significant challenges emerged, including political propaganda (93%), tribal and religious tensions (88%), and hate speech (80%). The study highlights social media\u27s dual role as both a catalyst for democratic participation and a vector for misinformation in Nigeria\u27s political environment. These findings contribute to understanding the localised dynamics of social media campaigns in subnational African elections and emphasise the need for targeted regulatory frameworks that balance risk mitigation with democratic participation
A Necessary Evil? Re-evaluating Nigeria\u27s Structural Adjustment Programme from a Historical Perspective, 1986-1999
No full textThis paper examines Nigeria’s Structural Adjustment Programme (SAP) from 1986 to 1999. The military government of General Ibrahim Babangida turned to the World Bank and IMF after oil prices collapsed and debt grew. SAP was meant to fix the economy, move it beyond oil, and bring stability. Yet, this paper shows that the programme deepened Nigeria’s social and economic problems. Using a historical method and relying on secondary sources, it reveals that policies such as currency devaluation, subsidy cuts, trade liberalisation, and privatisation caused high inflation, mass unemployment, and a decline in industry. SAP also reinforced authoritarianism, provoked social unrest, and eroded state legitimacy. The paper situates Nigeria’s case within the broader African debates on neoliberalism. It argues that economic reform cannot be understood without considering its historical and political context. The study adds to discussions on how external economic controls affect state power, welfare, and sovereignty in the post-colonial world
ENHANCING RESILIENCE TO ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE IN THE CHAD BASIN OF NORTH EAST-NIGERIA: CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION STRATEGIES
No full textAs the 21st century began, it became clear that environmental changes were occurring with unprecedented speed and severity. These changes, which differ by time and location, have generally led to deterioration in environmental quality, affecting aspects like forestry and soil health. It is against this background that this study examines climate change adaptation strategies to environmental change in Chad Basin of North East, Nigeria. The data for this study were obtained from a socio-economic survey carried out between 2022 and 2023. The survey targeted two major project areas within the Lake Chad basin: the Baga Polder Project (BPP) located in the western part and the Southern Chad Irrigation Project (SCIP) situated near New Marte in the southern part of the basin. A notable portion, around 70%, utilize both rain and lake water. Only a small percentage, under 2%, use wells for their water supply. The reliance of about 25% of respondents on rainfall alone is significant, as a total failure of rainfall would leave a quarter of the population unable to farm effectively. Since dams also depend on rainfall, the number of individuals affected by insufficient rainfall is likely even greater. It is apparent that the residents have developed various survival strategies to adapt to the arid conditions of the study area. However, these strategies do not address the core issue of declining water supply. The study recommends that effective adaptation in this environment likely surpasses the capabilities of individuals, underscoring the importance of continued government efforts in environmental restoration and the development of underground water sources through boreholes for the region\u27s population centres
FACTORS THAT DETERMINE THE USE OF CONTRACEPTIVES AMONG WOMEN OF REPRODUCTIVE AGE IN CHANCHAGA LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, NIGER STATE
No full textThe use of contraception among women of reproductive age is a critical component of reproductive health and family planning initiatives. In Nigeria, especially in rural areas, several factors influenced contraceptive utilization thereby limiting fully utilization of family planning among women. This study investigates the factors that determine the use of contraceptives among women of reproductive age in Chanchaga Local Government Area, Niger State. The study used survey research design. The population of the study comprises of 80,894 women of reproductive age. Simple random sampling was utilized to select 300 women from the population. Questionnaire was employed to collect data from the respondent. Data collected were arranged and structured using SPSS software package. The study used percentage and frequency distribution to analyze the individual response of the respondents while regression analysis was used to determine the factors that affect the use of contraception among the women of reproductive age. The findings of the study shows that education (0.173), income (0.486), proximity to health facility (0.208) exert direct relationship with use of contraceptive among women of reproductive age. . Conversely, the analysis uncovers a negative relationship between the desire to have children and contraceptive use, with a coefficient of -0.428, Cultural beliefs, religious convictions, and concerns about side effects also exhibit negative coefficient respectively. Furthermore, the study revealed a significant link between education, income, proximity to health facility, desire to have children and cultural belief as major determinants that influence the use of contraceptive among women of reproductive age in the study area. On the other hand, religious belief and fear of side effect were not significant in determining the use of contraception. The study therefore recommends that family planning service providers should educate the couples on the effectiveness of family planning choice and benefits as these ensure acceptance and utilization
ECONOMIC INEQUALITY AND ACCESS TO CAPITAL FOR WOMEN IN NIGERIA 2014-2023
No full textThis study examines systemic economic inequality, employment disparities, and restricted access to financial capital faced by women in Nigeria from 2014 to 2023, using Gender Inequality Theory as its theoretical framework. The research highlights the interplay of structural and cultural barriers that sustain women’s marginalization in economic activities. Employing a qualitative approach, the study relies on secondary data from reputable sources, including the World Bank, Nigerian National Bureau of Statistics (NBS), United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), and Oxfam. Content analysis was utilized to identify recurring themes and patterns, aligning the analysis with the study’s objectives. The findings reveal persistent economic inequality characterized by women’s overrepresentation in the informal sector, where they face low wages, precarious conditions, and limited legal protections. Cultural norms and discriminatory institutional practices continue to exclude women from high-paying formal jobs and restrict their access to financial capital, perpetuating cycles of poverty. Despite interventions such as microfinance programs and gender equity initiatives, weak implementation, patriarchal norms, and discriminatory lending practices have limited their impact. The study concludes that addressing these issues requires a multidimensional approach, including reforms in land ownership laws, the adoption of gender-sensitive financial systems, and workplace policies that accommodate women’s dual roles as caregivers and workers. Recommendations include scaling up microfinance programs, enforcing affirmative action policies, and launching national awareness campaigns to challenge patriarchal norms
Use of Information and Communication Technologies on News Gathering and Dissemination Among Reporters of The Nation and The Punch Newspapers in Southwest Nigeria
No full textThis study examines the use of Information and Communication Technologies in news gathering and dissemination among reporters of The Nation and Punch newspapers in Southwest Nigeria. Using a census approach, data were collected from 136 reporters and editors through questionnaires and in-depth interviews. Findings revealed that 96% of respondents possess ICT gadgets essential for news work, with smartphones and tablets being the most frequently used tools at 53%. While 84% acknowledged that ICTs significantly enhanced news-gathering efficiency, the significant barriers included technical issues (33%), financial constraints (25%), and erratic power supply (22%). The study, grounded in Technological Determinism Theory, concludes that while ICTs have revolutionised journalism by improving speed, accuracy, and reach, structural challenges limit their optimal utilisation. Recommendations include enhanced infrastructure investment, continuous journalist training, provision of alternative power sources, and development of ICT-compliant editorial policies to maximise technology\u27s potential in Nigerian print journalism