IBBU Journals (Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University)
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Perception of Women Entrepreneurship in Ancient Greek and Traditional Yoruba Societies
No full textGlobally, economic growth and national development may be the result of the success registered by Small and Medium-Scale Enterprises (SMEs). In the societies or nations where the intervention by SMEs is a thriving practice, credit often is given mainly to the male entrepreneurs while the contributions of their female counterparts hardly receives much robust consideration in existing literature. Thus, this paper takes a diachronic approach in explicating the perceptions and contributions of women. The study is delimited to the antiquated Grecian society and the Yoruba society of Nigeria in the pre-colonial and colonial periods and adopts a comparative hermeneutical approach in the analysis of the historical findings and textual materials peculiar to both societies. Its findings reveal that significant dichotomies existed in both societies in relation to the entrepreneurial activities of women. In Greece, women were inhibited by their cultural value to engage in entrepreneurship. The entrepreneurial activities they were allowed to carry out were more passive than active. Nonetheless, they excelled and provided stability at the home front and the nation overall albeit on a micro-managed scale. On the other hand, Yoruba women in Nigeria were privileged to engage in entrepreneurial activities with minimal restrictions. This afforded them the opportunity to translate their business enterprises into money spinning ventures. With such wealth in their hands, they could conveniently delve into politics and have a telling influence in the political affairs of their various communities. The study therefore underscores the historicity that women in different societies have found a way to counter patriarchy through diligence, dexterity, creativity and innovation to ensure domestic stability and sustainable development in every society. Thus, women should not be perceived as belonging strictly to the ‘other room’. Such perception is tantamount to a subtle denial of their pivotal contributions to economic development and socio-political advancement whether in the past or present times
Livelihood, Crime and Cross-border Security in Africa: Nigeria and the Republic of Benin
No full textUrban centers in Nigeria served as the sites of enchanting challenges and diverse spectacles. In this regard, the city of Lagos became the site of diverse experiments and strategies in urban livelihood. Though there is an assumption that livelihood is about the ways and means of “making a living”, it also about creating and embracing new opportunities. While gaining livelihood, or attempting to do so, people may, at the same time have to cope with risks and uncertainties, such as a wide range of forces,social , economic, political, legal and environmental and institutional both within and outside the locality in which a household lives. It is within this conceptualization that this paper examines human smuggling and traffic-in persons, migration, sexual trade, currency trafficking, armed robbery and forced labour between Nigeria and Benin Republic. These are global problems, not limited to Nigeria and Benin, since the criminal networks cut across nations. Poverty, unemployment and corruption, no doubt, are known triggers, contributing to observed cross-border security challenges in both Nigeria and Benin Republic. This study interrogates the neglected aspects of cross-border security challenges, especially those connected to livelihood and survival. It raises posers as to why and how the criminalized livelihood means are sustained? What can be done to transform or reverse this trend? The study relied on both primary and secondary sources. Primary data included oral interviews, newspaper and archival materials. Secondary sources were obtained from university libraries and research institutes spread across Nigeria. Data werehistorically analyzed. This study concludes that inequalities, deprivation, poverty and corruption in Nigeria and Benin Republic served as impetus to the emergence and development of cross-border security challenges. Thus, it proffers that good governance through human security approach, equitable distribution of income and social security, rather than the law enforcement is a preferred solution to the problems of unlawful migrations, cross-border prostitutions, currency trafficking, smuggling and armed robbery
The Impact of Community Participation in the Implementation of Public-Private Partnership for Infrastructural Development in Niger State
No full textThe adoption of Public Private Partnerships for public infrastructure and service delivery has become more prominent in recent times due to the increasing inadequacies of funds brought about by the global economic challenges resulting from recessions and most recently, the Covid-19 pandemic. This has remained one of the major factors spurring the government to continuously look elsewhere for alternative funding of public infrastructures. The implementation of various PPP projects has however, not put into consideration the need for community participation so as to create a sense of belonging and ownership in the minds of thecommunity people. This study therefore, examines the impact of community participation in the implementation of public privatepartnership in infrastructural provision and service delivery in Niger State. The objectives were to examine the communities’ level of awareness and participation in the PPPs implementation in selected communities in Niger State, identify the hindrances to their participation in the implementation of PPPs, know the impact of their participation in PPPs implementation in their communities and find out what could be done to tackles the hindrances to their participation in the implementation of PPPs in their communities. The study adopted both primary and secondary methods of data collection using questionnaire and interview. Data were collected and analyzed using chi-square and SPSS and findings from the study shows that communities’ participation in the implementation of PPPs has positively impacted the development of community infrastructures and service delivery. The study recommends more sensitization, awareness, community involvement and participation in the planning and implementation of PPPs in rural infrastructural development and service delivery
Poverty and its Intractability in Nigeria: Causes and Consequences
No full textPoverty is a disease that has continue to negatively influence insecurity and other forms of social-vices in Nigeria. It has also affected the growth and development of the country. This study however examines poverty and its intractability in Nigeria: causes and consequences. The study uses Ordinary least square techniques to analyze the data collected. The data were obtained from Federal Reserve Economic Data and National Bureau of Statistics. The result shows that a percentage increase in unemployment and population will lead to increase in poverty rate by 0.035375 and 2.564296 respectively. Furthermore, the result shows that a unit increase in HDI will lead to -4.347621 decrease in poverty rate in Nigeria. The framework affirms that poverty is intractable in Nigeria. The study therefore recommends that Government, Non-governmental organization and private individuals should prioritize investing on human development
An Efficient Alternative Source of Revenue for Nigerian Government: Lessons from Economic Diversification
No full textThe paper examined the source of revenue in Nigeria, the various sources and classification of government revenue in Nigeria, the constituents of federation account revenue heads, consolidated revenue fund heads, revenue sharing formula in Nigeria. The paper also critically reveals the causes/problems for the dwindling nature of government revenue; it considers the effect of fall in oil prices and the effect of the global financial meltdown on the revenue of Nigeria, which is the major problem that this paper is to proffer solution to as a matter that needs adequate attention. The main thrust of this paper is to explore other alternative sources of revenue for development by drawing lessons from other economies, to ensure sound national economic development and to generate growth and employment in Nigeria. This paper adopted the literary/doctrine research methodology, to review relevant issues. The paper suggests the way forward, by emphasizing that it is worthwhile that Nigeria’s total dependence on oil would have a devastating effect in the future, if there is no political/economic will by the leadership of the country to diversify the economy from total dependence on oil to other non-oil generating sectors, the government should also as a matter of urgency ensure that efforts are made by concentrating on non-oil sector, like areas of agriculture, mining of solid minerals, taxation etc. These areas should be given the same desired attention as is given to oil
EFFECT OF INSURGENCY ACTIVITIES ONADJUSTMENT OF FAMILIES LIFE OF IDPs IN SHIRORO, MUNYA AND RAFI LOCAL GOVERNMENTS AREA, IN NIGER STATE: IMPLICATION FOR COUNSELLING AND NATIONAL SECURITY
No full textThis study examined the effects of insurgency activities on adjustment of social and emotions of families’ life in Shiroro, Munya and Rafi Local Government Areas of Niger State of Nigeria. The study was necessitated by the increasing insurgency activities in the study areas which threatens the lives of families with unpredictable attacks in the local government areas. The study had two (2) objectives, (2) tworesearch questions and (2) null hypotheses. Descriptive survey design was employed to carry out this study. From a population of six thousand nine hundred and sixty five (6,965), a sample of three hundred (300) was drawn using purposive sampling technique. An adopted questionnaire was employed to obtain data for this study. Three hundred (300) copies of questionnaire were distributed, successfully completed, retrieved and was used for the study. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Mean and standard deviation were used to answer the research questions, the null hypotheses were tested using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and t-test at 0.05 alpha level of significance. The findings revealed that insurgency activities have significant effect on social adjustment of families life in Shiroro, Munya and Rafi Local Government Area of Niger State of Nigeria. Findings also revealed that there is no significant differential effect of insurgency activities on families’ emotional adjustment life in the study area. This is because the calculated p-value of 0.271 is greater than the0.05alpha level of significance at a t-calculated value 1.108 and df of ninety- nine (99). It was recommended that the use of various techniques of counselling should be encouraged by the guidance counselors and psychologists to reduce or minimize negative social and emotional experiences among families affected with insurgency attacks, and economic opportunities should be made available to these families by providing for them packages and soft loans in the interior villages to empower youths and women, thus bringing relief to the families and the communities
THE ROLES OF COUNSELLORS IN CAREER DEVELOPMENT OF STUDENTS AT ALL LEVELS OF EDUCATION
No full textThis study investigated the role of counsellors in career development of students at all levels of education in schools. Counselling is the process of helping individuals to discover and develop their educational, vocational, and psychological potentialities and thereby achieving an optimal level of personal happiness and social usefulness. Counsellors in schools play the role of achieving the aims of helping students to have a straight and meaningful transition from school studies to the place of work. The present counselling programmes in schools are derisory to guide the students in career development. This study lays emphasis that education at all levels should be concerned with the students, the development of students\u27 entire life and career education which should be adapted to be more relevant and important in our schools and in the country. It is recommended that, the position ofGovernment to help schools to prepare the youths for the situation after school, and the duties of the teachers, guidance counsellor, parents and school workers in helping the young people to develop a higher degree of self-understanding and to encourage students in their career plan and awareness and also in decision making. Therefore, career development processshould be at all levels of educations within formal system of education
EFFECTS OF 5ES INSTRUCTIONAL MODEL AND REFLECTIVE DISCUSSION INSTRUCTIONAL STRATEGY ON ALGEBRA ACHIEVEMENT OF SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENT IN NIGER STATE.
No full textThis study determined the effects of 5Es instructional model and reflective discussion instructional strategy on algebra achievement of secondary school students in Niger State. Three research questions were raised and three corresponding null hypothesis were tested at 0.05 significant level. The study adopted a quasi-experimental design. A sample of three hundred and fourty nine (349) students from nine intact classes served as subjects in this study. Multi-staged sampling method was employed to select nine secondary schools for the research. The instrument for data collection was Algebra Achievement Test (AAT), a fourty item multiple-choice objective type questions with reliability coefficient (r) of 0.937. the results were analyzed using ANOVA test, hypothesis one was rejected indicating that there was significant difference in the achievement of students taught using 5Es instructional model (Exp.1), reflective discussion instructional strategy (Exp.2) and those taught using lecture method (contr). Scheffe post hoc test was preformed and mean gain was calculated, all in favour of the two experimental groups. Hypothesis two and three were retained indication that the treatment for Exp.1 and Exp.2 favoured student of different ability levels. It was recommended among others that teachers should employed 5Es instructional model and reflective discussion instructional strategy in teaching algebra to improve students performance in algebra
COMMUNITY SECURITY PROGRAMMES FOR SUSTAINABLE COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA
No full textThis paper examines community security programmes for the achievement of sustainable community development in Nigerian societies. It further discussed the various programmes that are aimed at ensuring ways through which community member get involved in providing mean of securing their own community. The paper also captured the various stages of community development. The paper concludes that helping to improve the confidence of communities, along with their relationship to other communities and authorities may make a contribution to these communities\u27 resilience to violence
Bank Credit and Manufacturing Sector Output in Nigeria: A Nonlinear Approach
No full textThis study examines the nexus that exists between bank credit and manufacturing sector output in Nigeria between 1981 and 2019 using the nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model and Granger causality. Unlike most other studies, this study employs the use of bank credit to the manufacturing sector as a proxy for bank credit. The NARDL method used is to investigate the asymmetric relationship suggested in the literature. Results from the bounds test reveal that a long-run relationship exists between bank credit, manufacturing output and lending interest rate. Furthermore, the Wald test for asymmetry showed that there is a long-run asymmetry in the impact of bank credit on manufacturing output. Meanwhile, estimates reveal that positive changes in bank credit are positively associated with manufacturing output, while negative changes in bank credit are negatively related to manufacturing output in the long run. In the short run, however, there appears to be no significant impact of bank credit and lending rates on manufacturing output. More so, results reveal a unidirectional causality running from output to bank credit, lending rates to bank credit and lending rates to output. This study, therefore, concludes that the growth-led finance postulate is valid in this case and that finance encourages output growth in the manufacturing sector in the long run with an error correction of 21%