IBBU Journals (Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University)
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Representation of Terrorism in Ahmed Yerima’s Pari
No full textThis study examines how terrorism is represented in Ahmed Yerima’s play, Pari, with the aim of showcasing how literary artists have proven themselves as activists of peace. The study is also supported by an analysis of the stylistic techniques the playwright uses to address the issue of terrorism. The theoretical framework is postcolonialism in conjunction with stylistic concepts, including style as choice, style as deviation from the norm, and style as individuality. These concepts guide the exploration of how Yerima’s language choices contribute to character development and thematic depth. The methodology involves textual and stylistic analysis of the play at morphological, phonological, syntactic, and semantic levels, enabling a comprehensive understanding of how language functions within the text. Morphological and phonological analyses reveal how specific verb forms, passive constructions, and sound patterns contribute to the play’s emotional intensity and realism. The syntactic and semantic analyses further highlight the complexity of Yerima’s language, illustrating how sentence structures and meanings convey the psychological and societal impacts of terrorism. Through these stylistic and linguistic devices, Yerima not only portrays the characters’ internal struggles but also critiques broader cultural and religious tensions. This study underscores Yerima’s sophisticated use of language to evoke empathy, critique systemic failures, and portray the human condition in the face of violence, making Pari a compelling and thought-provoking exploration of contemporary issues of terrorism and its aftermath
INDEPENDENT NATIONAL ELECTORAL COMMISSION AND THE CHALLENGES OF MONITORING CAMPAIGN FINANCING IN NIGERIA: ASSESSMENT OF THE 2023 GENERAL ELECTIONS
No full textCampaign financing has become a phenomenon in the Nigeria’s electioneering process since 1999. This study examines roles of Independent National Electoral Commission in monitoring campaign financing during the 2023 general elections in Nigeria. It highlights the challenges faced by INEC in enforcing compliance with existing regulations designed to ensure transparency and accountability in campaign funding. The study relied on secondary sources of data collection. The secondary data was sourced from textbooks, journals, official publications, magazines, newspapers, and the internet. Data was analyzed using content and descriptive analysis. The study adopts structural functional theory as the theoretical framework for analysis. Findings reveals, that INEC faced significant challenges, which include inadequate legal frameworks, limited resources, inadequate manpower and skilled staff, lack of transparency, and complexities in tracking campaign funds and expenses. These challenges hindered INEC’s ability to ensure compliance with campaign finance regulations, potentially undermining the integrity of the electoral process. The findings of this study contribute to the ongoing debate on campaign finance reform in Nigeria, providing valuable insights for policymakers, electoral management bodies, and stakeholders. The research recommends targeted reforms to enhance INEC’s capacity to monitor campaign financing, promote transparency, and ensure the integrity of Nigeria’s electoral process
The Nexus of Grice’s Cooperative Principles and Other Theories of Pragmatics
No full textThis study examines other theories of pragmatics beyond Grice’s Cooperative Principle and traditional Speech Act Theory, with a focus on how these models broaden our understanding of language use in a given context. It employs a qualitative, comparative method grounded in an in-depth analysis of established theoretical texts. Three major theories are examined: Relevance Theory, the Neo-Gricean approach, and Politeness Theory. These theories are analysed for how they explain contextual meaning, speaker intention, and how communication depends on inference and interpretation. The data analysed consist of scholarly discussions and conceptual developments that address how meaning is constructed, shaped, and interpreted in everyday communication. The findings indicate that while Grice’s work laid the foundation for pragmatic analysis, these other models highlight important dimensions he did not fully address, such as social relationships, mental effort, and cultural variation. Relevance Theory, for example, explains how listeners infer meaning based on cognitive expectations, while Politeness Theory shows how speakers manage social relationships through language. The study concludes that drawing insights from multiple theories enables a more comprehensive and adaptable understanding of how people use language to communicate effectively and appropriately across diverse socio-cultural contexts
Socio-Economic Implications of Banditry and Kidnapping in Northern Nigeria: Dimensions and Solutions
No full textThis study explores the root causes and socio-economic implications of banditry and kidnapping in Northern Nigeria, with a focus on how these security challenges undermine development and community well-being. Using Merton’s Social Structure and Anomie theory as a framework, the study examines how poverty, unemployment, weak governance, and environmental pressures contribute to the rise of organised violence. It highlights the psychological, economic, and educational impacts of insecurity on affected populations, particularly in rural areas. Drawing from literature and field-based insights, the paper proposes a combination of kinetic (military) and non-kinetic (community-based, economic, and educational) approaches to address the crisis. The paper concludes with actionable recommendations, including improved security coordination, community policing, economic empowerment, and inclusive governance. The findings offer insights for policymakers, security agencies, and researchers seeking to address insecurity in Nigeria
Abuja Residents\u27 Assessment of Online Advertisement of Nigerian Movies
No full textThe digital transformation of Nigeria\u27s entertainment industry has positioned online advertising as a critical driver of audience engagement and consumption patterns for Nollywood productions. This study examines the impact of online advertisements on Nigerian movie awareness, perceptions, and consumption behaviours among residents of the Federal Capital Territory (FCT), Abuja. Using a descriptive survey design, data were collected from 349 respondents across Abuja\u27s six area councils through structured online questionnaires. The findings reveal exceptionally high awareness levels (92.5%) of online movie advertisements, with YouTube (88.5%) and Facebook (82.5%) serving as primary engagement platforms. Whilst online advertisements positively influenced residents\u27 consumption patterns – evidenced by increased streaming service subscriptions (80.8%) and preference for digital viewing over physical purchases – significant challenges, including poor promotional packaging (61.1%), clickbait tactics (55.6%), and outdated content (52.7%), impeded optimal access. The study demonstrates how digital platforms are reshaping traditional consumption patterns, with 68.2% of respondents confirming a positive influence on their movie-watching habits. Despite widespread engagement, scepticism towards misleading content highlights the imperative for ethical marketing practices. The study recommends enhancing advertisement quality, developing platform-specific strategies, and strengthening collaborations with streaming services to align with evolving digital consumption trends. These findings provide actionable insights for Nollywood stakeholders to optimise online marketing effectiveness while addressing accessibility barriers in Nigeria\u27s dynamic digital entertainment landscape
FEDERAL HOUSING POLICY AND INFRASTRUCTURAL DEVELOPMENT IN THE FCT, 2012-2023
No full textThis study investigates the impact of federal housing policy on infrastructural development in the Federal Capital Territory (FCT), Nigeria, from 2012 to 2023. The problem addressed is the insufficient infrastructure development despite various federal housing policies aimed at enhancing urban living standards. This research seeks to analyze how federal housing policies have influenced infrastructural growth, identify gaps in policy implementation, and propose actionable recommendations for improving infrastructure in the FCT. For this purpose, the study adopts Gabriel Almond\u27s "Structural-Functionalism" theory (1960) as a framework of analysis, which provides a comprehensive understanding of how federal housing policies function within the socio-political system and impact infrastructural development. A survey research method was employed to gather data, with a total population of 3,500. Using Morgan\u27s formula (1967), a sample size of 346 respondents was selected through a simple random sampling technique. The findings indicate that while federal housing policies have led to some improvements in infrastructure, significant challenges remain, including inadequate policy execution and resource allocation. The study reveals that the lack of synchronization between policy goals and implementation strategies has hindered the overall effectiveness of infrastructure development in the FCT. Recommendations include enhancing policy coherence with on-ground realities, increasing investment in infrastructure projects, and improving coordination between federal and local government agencies. Strengthening monitoring and evaluation mechanisms is also crucial for ensuring the effective execution of housing policies and achieving sustainable infrastructural development
Evaluation of Public Relations Practice as a Management Function in the Federal Ministry of Environment, Nigeria
No full textPublic relations practice within government institutions plays a critical role in shaping policy communication and stakeholder engagement. In Nigeria\u27s public sector, the integration of PR as a strategic management function remains underexplored, particularly within environmental agencies responsible for complex policy implementation. This study examines the role of public relations as a management function within the Federal Ministry of Environment, Nigeria, and its effectiveness in achieving organisational objectives. Using a quantitative descriptive survey design, data were collected through structured questionnaires administered to 382 staff members across the Ministry\u27s headquarters in Abuja, Lagos, and Kaduna. The findings reveal that while the PR unit demonstrates competence in information dissemination and awareness creation, it remains peripherally involved in strategic communication and organisational decision-making. Although 61.52% of respondents showed awareness of PR activities and 74.60% rated PR officers as effective, significant gaps exist in digital engagement, transparency, and overall public satisfaction. The study highlights the need for repositioning PR as a strategic management function to enhance public engagement and improve policy outcomes. Key challenges include insufficient funding, limited personnel training, bureaucratic bottlenecks, and minimal involvement in executive-level decision-making. The findings contribute to existing literature by providing insights into PR effectiveness within Nigeria\u27s environmental governance structure and identifying areas for strategic improvement
DETERMINANTS AND GROWTH OF ENTREPRENEUR: FEMALE-OWNED BUSINESS PERSPECTIVES
No full textThis study uses cross-sectional survey questionnaires and a quantitative research approach to investigate the factors influencing the performance of female entrepreneurs in micro and small companies in South-South, Nigeria. Structured interviews and 5-point Likert scale questionnaires were the procedures utilized to collect the data. The techniques for analyzing data are regression analysis, multiple regression, and the VIF test. The study included 356 female entrepreneurs as sample members who are engaged in subsistence farming. The VIF test, multiple regression analysis, and regression analysis are the methods for data analysis. The study findings show that education level, financial accessibility, familial ties, and information and networking access impact female-owned enterprises positively. The study\u27s conclusion demonstrates that networking opportunities, access to financing, peaceful family relationships, and entrepreneurial education have a positive effect on female-owned businesses because they enable them to recognize opportunities, exercise sound judgment, comprehend the dynamics and metrics of their industry, maintain accurate financial records, and be aware of the types of loans that are available. This study broadens our understanding of the variables influencing and enhancing the performance of female entrepreneurs operating micro and small enterprises in southern Nigeria. 
FRAGILE FRONTIERS: INVESTIGATING INSECURITY AND GOVERNANCE IN NIGERIA’S BORDER REGIONS
No full textThis study investigates insecurity and governance in Nigeria’s border areas, focusing on the challenges and dynamics that contribute to instability in border regions in Nigeria. The research examines the complex relationship between porous borders, weak governance, corruption, and the socio-economic impacts of insecurity on local communities. Through documentary analysis, the study reveals key findings, such as the proliferation of smuggling and arms trafficking due to border porosity, ineffective coordination among border security agencies, and the economic disruption caused by insecurity. Additionally, corruption within security agencies and the lack of regional cooperation further complicate efforts to secure the borders. The study concludes that a multi-faceted approach—incorporating improved border security, governance reforms, infrastructure development, regional collaboration, and community engagement—is essential to address the growing insecurity in Nigeria’s borderlands. The recommendations emphasize the need for strengthened border surveillance, increased accountability in security agencies, economic opportunities for local communities, and enhanced regional cooperation to mitigate transnational crime. This research contributes to a deeper understanding of the governance challenges at Nigeria’s borders and offers actionable solutions to improve security and stability in these vulnerable region
FACTORS THAT AFFECT THE COMPLETION OF ROUTINE IMMUNIZATION AMONG CHILDREN IN BOSSO LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, NIGER STATE
No full textThe study investigates the factors that affect the completion of routine immunization among children in Bosso Local Government Area, Niger State. 275 mothers and caregivers were sampled for the study using random sampling technique. Questionnaire was developed and employed to collect data for the study from the sampled respondents from across the 10 political wards in Bosso LGA. The study used regression analysis and findings of the study revealed that income, education, and religious belief were positive factors that affect the completion of routine immunization in Bosso LGA while age and cultural belief has a negative influence on completion of routine immunization among under-five children in the study area. Furthermore, the study depicted that education; religious factor and cultural belief are the major factors that significantly affect the completion of routine immunization among children in the study. The study therefore recommends that there should be interventions that focus on promoting education and leveraging religious beliefs to emphasize the importance of immunization so as to increased immunization completion rates