IBBU Journals (Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University)
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HYDROCHEMICAL APPRAISAL OF GROUNDWATER RESOURCES IN PART OF SOUTHERN ANAMBRA BASIN:: ITS IMPLICATIONS FOR IRRIGATION PURPOSE
No full textIrrigation is vital for food security, but climate change and pollution threaten it. Thus, regular evaluations of groundwater quality for irrigation are needed. This study collected and analyzed thirty-five (35) groundwater samples from boreholes in the Southern Anambra Basin, covering the Ameki and Ogwashi-Asaba Formations. Six irrigation quality indices: Kelly’s Ratio (KR), Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR), Soluble Sodium Percentage (SSP), Residual Sodium Carbonate (RSC), Magnesium Adsorption Ratio (MAR), and Permeability Index (PI), were calculated to evaluate the area’s irrigation suitability. Doneen PI, USSL, and Wilcox diagrams were also employed in evaluating irrigation suitability. The pH, EC, and TDS of the groundwater samples ranged from 6.6 to 8.4, 13 to 889µS/cm, and 15.6 to 557.9mg/L, respectively. The concentrations of HCO3-, SO42-, Cl-, Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, and K+ ranged from 24 to 580, 1 to 20, 0.4 to 92.5, 10 to 74, 0.09 to 49.50, 2.26 to 30, and 0.67 to 10.0 mg/L, respectively. In general, the physicochemical parameters met the WHO and NSDWQ guidelines for drinking waters. The range of KR, SAR, SSP, RSC, MAR, and PI were 0.019-1.712mmol/L, 0.067-2.113, 1.86-63.13%, -5.36-7.80mmol/L, 0.00-3.79, and 15.82-547.10%, respectively. All samples had suitable SAR and MAR values for irrigation, while 97.14%, 94.29%, 80%, and 77.14% had suitable SSP, KR, RSC, and PI, respectively. This study has demonstrated that groundwater within the study area is suitable for drinking and irrigation, however, it is essential for periodic assessment as anthropogenic activities continue to increase in the area
Gender Representation in Abi Dare’s The Girl With the Louding Voice
No full textGender is a complex and fluid notion that has evolved beyond the traditional understanding of male and female, encompassing a broader spectrum of identities and performances. In contemporary literature, gender is not just a fixed trait but a dynamic performance shaped by societal expectations, cultural norms, and personal experiences. The idea of gender representation suggests that gender identity is not inherent but is continuously produced and reproduced through actions, behaviours, and roles that individuals adopt in their social environments. This research explores the fluidity of gender roles in contemporary literature, analysing how characters navigate, challenge, or conform to the expectations imposed upon them by society. By focusing on gender presentation, the study aims to understand how literature reflects and critiques the cultural scripts that define gender while revealing the possibilities for resistance and transformation within these scripts. Using strategies of narrative probe, character development, and thematic focus, the paper intensely scrutinises how gender performance interconnects with problems of authority, identity, and support systems within the contemporary space
A Qualitative Analysis of the State of Apprenticeship Training in Abeokuta South Local Government
No full textThis study examined the state of apprenticeship training in Abeokuta South Local Government. It examines the attitude of relevant stakeholders towards apprenticeship training; the level of apprenticeship training and factors that influence apprenticeship training in Abeokuta South Local Government. Conceptually, the paper briefly explained the overview of apprentice, factors influencing apprenticeship training and cognitive learning theory served as the basis of theoretical frame. The paper revealed that the attitude of the stakeholders especially the trainer and the trainee are positive however, need more commitment from the government, the trainer and the trainee. More so, the paper revealed that there was high level of apprenticeship decline in the society. Finally, majority of the respondents mentioned poverty, high learning fee, internet fraud, peer group’s influence, etc as factors affecting apprenticeship training. However, this paper recommends that all the stakeholders should be deliberate and commited in their goals of ensuring a viable apprenticeship system for the teeming youth in the country
Incidence of Naira Redesign on Households Real Income and Consumption Behaviour in Abeokuta South Local Government, Ogun State Nigeria
No full textThe research examined effects of Naira redesign on households’ real income and consumption behaviour in Abeokuta South LGA, Ogun State. Structured questionnaires were used to collect data. Cluster sampling technique was used to divide households in the study area into blocs/clusters given their similarities in socioeconomic lifestyle with little or no peculiarities. A sample size of 226 households was drawn. Research results showed that the policy has a negative effect on both real income and consumption behaviour of households in Abeokuta South LGA. The study recommends that government should embark on phasing out old Naira notes on a gradual basis, while ensuring that the released newly minted notes matches the quantity of mopped out old currency. The CBN should ensure that adequate information is disseminated, while giving ample time to adjust to the new development so as to avert unwarranted hardship
Services Quality Determinants between Foreign and Local Banks in Tanzania: A Survey of Banking Sector in Morogoro Municipal, Tanzania
No full textThis paper examined the determinants of service quality in foreign and local banks in Tanzania, with a focus on Morogoro Municipality. The study employed a cross-sectional research design and used convenience sampling to select 120 customers who hold accounts in both local and foreign banks in the area of study. Data were collected through structured questionnaires, and analysis was conducted using multiple linear regression. The results show that staff conduct, service communication, service credibility, timely bank services, and technology adoption positively and significantly influence customer satisfaction, while access to bank services negatively and insignificantly affects customer satisfaction in both local and foreign banks. Based on these findings, the study recommends that both foreign and local banks strictly should adhere to staff conduct, service communication, service credibility, service accessibility, service duration, and technology adoption to enhance customer satisfaction in the banking sector
Islamic Crowdfunding Adoption and Small-Scale Enterprises Incubation in Niger State, Nigeria
No full textThis study investigated the effect of various Islamic crowdfunding adoption models - Reward-Based Crowdfunding (Qard Hassan), Donation/Charity-Based Crowdfunding (Waqf), Lending-Based Crowdfunding (peer-to-peer lending), and Equity-Based Crowdfunding on the incubation of small-scale enterprises (SSEs) in Niger State, Nigeria. Utilizing a quantitative and cross-sectional research designs, data was collected from a population of 304 SSEs who are registered members of Niger Chamber of Commerce, Industry, Mines, and Agriculture (NCCIMA). The sample size of the study is 172 SSEs. 152 questionnaires are retrieved from the field for analysis. The study used multiple linear regression analysis to test the formulated hypotheses. The results reveal a significant negative relationship between Reward-Based Crowdfunding Adoption and SSEs incubation, indicating potential challenges associated with this model. Conversely, Lending-Based and Equity-Based Crowdfunding showed positive associations with SSEs incubation, suggesting these models effectively support enterprise growth. Notably, Donation/Charity-Based Crowdfunding did not exhibit a significant impact. The findings underscore the necessity for stakeholders, including policymakers, financial institutions, and incubators, to foster an environment conducive to effective crowdfunding strategies, thereby maximizing the potential of crowdfunding as a sustainable tool for business development in the state
Moderating Effect of Board Gender Diversity on the Relationship between Social Reporting and Value of Non-Financial Firms in Nigeria
No full textThis study investigated the moderating effect of board gender diversity on the relationship between social reporting and the value of non-financial firms in Nigeria. Employing an ex-post facto research design, the study analyzed secondary data from 104 non-financial companies listed on the Nigerian Exchange Group (NGX) over the period 2013 to 2023. The System Generalized Method of Moments (System GMM) was utilized has a technique of data analysis. The findings revealed that employee relations and community investment have insignificant effect on firm value. The study further revealed that stakeholder engagement has a significant effect on firm value. The further revealed board gender diversity significantly moderate the relationship between social reporting and firm value of listed non-financial firms in Nigeria. Based on these findings, the study recommends that the regulatory bodies such as the Financial Reporting Council of Nigeria (FRCN) and the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) should consider mandating stakeholder engagement disclosures in corporate reports to promote accountability and long-term value creation. Also, corporate governance codes should encourage gender diversity policies that mandate minimum female representation on boards. Companies should also foster inclusive boardroom environments that leverage diverse perspectives in decision-making
The Influence of Innovation on the Growth of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs): A Case of Wood and Steel Furniture Manufacturing in Dodoma City, Tanzania
No full textThis study examines the impact of innovation on the growth of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Tanzania, specifically within the wood and steel furniture manufacturing sector in Dodoma City. Utilizing a quantitative research design, the study tested hypotheses concerning the effects of product innovation, process innovation, and management innovation on SME growth. Data were collected from 91 registered manufacturing firms, providing a representative sample of the local SME landscape. The analysis employed descriptive statistics, factor analysis, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), and both simple and multiple regression analyses. Results demonstrated a positive correlation between innovation and SME growth. Notably, demographic insights revealed that approximately 51.6% of carpentry entrepreneurs had only basic education, which impacted their management innovation capabilities. Additionally, the majority of these businesses were male-owned and classified as small based on employee numbers. These findings highlight important policy implications regarding the relevance of innovation theories and the Resource-Based View (RBV) in the Tanzanian context. The study concludes with recommendations aimed at strengthening the innovation capacities of SMEs to promote sustainable growth and enhance their competitiveness in the market
Information Communication Technolgy and Tax Administration in Kebbi State, Nigeria
No full textAdministration of tax laws and policies is the major source through which government around the world raise money to cater for the economic and social wellbeing of the citizenry, the same goes for Nigeria in general and Kebbi State in particular. However, due to the poor tax administration which is as a result of the inability of the Nigeria tax authorities to effectively and efficiently administer tax laws and policies, as such, governments are left with very insignificant tax revenue which undermine their effort in providing economic and social infrastructures to promote the condition of living of the people. The high level of poverty, unemployment, poor infrastructural development, growing public debt and over reliance on statutory allocation from the federation account are all attributed to poor tax administration due to the failure of tax authorities to collect all approved pubic revenue. Information Communication Technology adoption in taxpayers registration, filling of tax return, tax assessment and tax collection have the potential of improving tax administration and increasing tax revenue. It has been observed that, failure to deploy Information Communication Technology in tax administration has undermined the effort of Kebbi State Board of internal Revenue to collect all approved public revenue there by enabling large number of taxpayers to escape from the tax net, delay in filling of tax return, lead to errors and inaccuracies in tax assessment, which brings about high cost of tax collection, as well as high level of corruption and mismanagement of collected revenue. This research work under study heavily relied on secondary data to investigate the Impact of Information Communication Technology on Tax Administration in Kebbi State. The research recommends the need to put in place policy and legislation that will derive ICT adoption in tax administration in Kebbi State, training of revenue officers on Information Communication Technology related skills, designing, development and deployment of local content software in tax administration by the Kebbi State Board of Internal Revenue Service
EVALUATION OF MALARIA TREATMENT AMONG PEOPLE LIVING WITH HIV
No full textAn evaluation study was conducted on treatment of malaria among people living with HIV, reported cases obtained from United Nation Agency for International Development and Studies (UNAIDS) and World Health Organization (WHO) were used in the research work. It was observed that Malaria in people with HIV has recorded more than 4 million deaths yearly. The treatment of malaria for people living with HIV infection showed a synergistical interaction with each other. Patients with HIV infection are at high risk of an increase in the severity and burdens malaria infection which in turn facilitates the rate of malaria transmission. Malaria increases blood viral burden by different mechanisms. Therefore, high concentrations of HIV-1 RNA in the blood are predictive of disease progression, and correlate with the risk of blood-borne, vertical, and sexual transmission of the HIV virus. Furthermore, Malaria infection is also associated with strong CD4+ cell activation and up-regulation of pro inflammatory cytokines and it provides an ideal microenvironment for the spread of the virus among the CD4+ cells and for rapid HIV-1 replication. Therefore, this article aims to review information about HIV/malaria interactions, the effect of malaria on HIV transmission, treatment and the implications related to prevention of the disease