IBBU Journals (Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University)
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EXAMINING THE ROLE OF NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS (NGOS) IN ENHANCING HEALTHCARE DELIVERY IN NIGERIA
No full textThe provision of an affordable and accessible healthcare system has remained the collective responsibility of both state and non-state actors in Nigeria. Despite the government\u27s giant stride at providing affordable and increased accessibility to healthcare services; many of the Nigerian population are underserved. This is because, healthcare infrastructure and services remain inadequate, leading to health disparities and preventable mortality. However, it appears that the huge potential of health-related NGOs to provide significant contributions towards an improved healthcare system is still been underexploited. This study examines how non-governmental organizations (NGOs) have over time contributed to improving healthcare services in Nigeria. Moreso, it unveils strategies, partnerships, and impact, on healthcare infrastructure nationwide. Additionally, it delves into specific case studies that highlight how NGOs have positively influenced the healthcare sector. These case studies focus on disease control access to medicines and the reduction of child mortality rates. The research findings emphasize the importance of NGO involvement in improving healthcare access and addressing health disparities. By understanding the roles played by NGOs in the Nigerian healthcare system, policymakers and stakeholders should collaborate effectively with these organizations to enhance healthcare access and work towards achieving universal health coverage in the country
Transactional Leadership Style and Employees Turnover Intention: The Role of Organizational Commitment
No full textFor organizations to retain a skilled workforce, its employees must be commitment driven. This study examines the role of organizational commitment in the relationship between transactional leadership styles, and employees’ turnover intentions. Questionnaire were distributed to employees of Access bank in Kaduna metropolis using proportionate stratified random sampling. A total of 272 copies of questionnaire were used for analysis. PLS-SEM path modelling was employed to analyze the data. Two hypotheses were developed in the null form. Statistical evidence shows that transactional leadership style has a significant positive effect on employee turnover intentions. Moreover, the moderating results also show that organizational commitment significantly moderate the relationship between transactional leadership styles and employees’ turnover intentions. The study therefore recommends that managers should adopt transactional leadership style and ensure organizational commitment among employees in order to minimize turnover intentions
The Other Side of Internal Migration: Exploring the Socio-economic and Traumatic Realities of Zamfara State Migrants
No full textWhile studies explore the fortunes of Nigeria’s internal migration, they have glossed over its socio-cultural, economic, and traumatic consequences. This study, relying on primary and secondary sources of data, dwells on the other side of Nigeria’s internal migration. Specifically, it focuses on the complexities of Zamfara migrants residing in southern Nigeria and highlights the intricacies surrounding their migration and residency in southern Nigeria. The findings of the study suggest that Zamfara migrants deal with harsh realities as migrants in southern Nigeria, including language barriers, psychological trauma, a lack of access to healthcare, quality education, and political and economic exclusion. On the other hand, some of the spouses and children left by the migrants in the north have to work hard to complement what they receive from their families in the south. As a solution, the research advocates for a comprehensive internal migration policy that would protect the rights of northern migrants in southern Nigeria and vice versa
Application of Inverted ‘U’ Hypothesis on Democratization and Level of Corruption in Sub-Saharan Africa
No full textThis study try to determine the effect of inverted ‘U’ hypothesis on the level of corruption in Sub Sahara Africa. The period under review was 1995-2016, using panel data, the Dynamic Two-Step System, Generalised Method of Moment (GMM) was applied to determine the impact of the explanatory variables on the dependent variable. From the results, the coefficient of duration of democracy and transparency were significant while those of other variables were insignificant in affecting the level of corruption. This study also reveals that oil producing nations are less corrupt than non-oil producing nations. It was recommended that democratic system should be consolidated and strengthened through improving and standardizing the democratic process by adopting modern electoral gadgets as this will encourage the conduct of a free and fair elections and indeed lead to the presence of inverted ‘U’ effect in the region. Also, other institutions upon which democratization depends such as judicial system, financial and other related agencies and so on should be made to function effectively as these will help to promote and sustain quality democratic system and as a result, curb corruption and further enable the existence of inverted ‘U’ effect in the region
Assessment of Democracy as an Influencing Tool for the Level of Corruption in Sub Saharan Africa
No full textThis study ascertain the influence of democracy period on corruption covering 1995 to 2016 with the use of panel data. The dynamic two-step system GMM was used and findings indicated that duration (period) of democratic regime and transparency were significant, it means higher level of democratization in Sub Saharan-African countries influences lower levels of corruption, the period of steady/uninterrupted democratic regime has higher level of corruption than other non- democratic regimes or truncated democratic period, transparency in government policies and programmes influences a reduction on corruption in the region. The study also discovered that nations that produces oil has lower corruption level than nations without oil. Also, unemployment rate negatively affect the level of corruption in Sub Sahara Africa. The study therefore recommends that: governments of the concern countries should encourage the public to fully participate in the democratic process so as to reduce to a greater extent the level of information asymmetry which could increase the tendency of corrupt practices. Sensitization and orientation programs should be organised to educate the populace about the danger of involving in corruption as this will go a long way in inculcating discipline among the populace
Influence of Accountability and Transparency on Operational Performance of Public Sector: Evidence from Kwara State Ministries
No full textThis study examine the influence of accountability and transparency towards the performance of Public Sector: evidence from Kwara state ministries. A structured questionnaire was used as the primary approach for collecting data, with 489 respondents. Descriptive statistics, such as tables and percentages, were utilized to analyse the responses. The findings revealed that every member of the ministry\u27s personnel have a comprehensive understanding of the concepts and essence of accountability and transparency. In addition, it was noted that the ministries included several kinds of accountability into their operational structure, resulting in substantial benefits in terms of integrity, responsibility, and efficient communication. Furthermore, the application of these principles significantly contributed to the reduction of fraud, financial mismanagement, and other anomalies within the industry. Based on these findings, this study recommends a widespread implementation of accountability principles in all public sectors to improve their overall effectiveness. Furthermore, it is imperative to introduce ongoing educational and training programs for public sector personnel to emphasize the advantageous impact of accountability and openness on the effectiveness of the organizations
ASSESSMENT OF THE ROLE OF INFORMAL APPRENTICESHIP SYSTEM IN BUILDING HUMAN CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT IN JOS METROPOLIS
No full textThis study investigates the role of the informal apprenticeship system in the development of human capital within the context of the Jos metropolis. Informal apprenticeships have long been a prevalent form of skill acquisition and workforce development in many Nigerian cities, including Jos. The study employed a survey research design and collected both primary and secondary data; specifically, a questionnaire was distributed to the apprentice in Jos metropolis to gather primary data. The data collected were analysed quantitatively using descriptive statistics, and the system theory was adopted as the theoretical framework for the study. The study findings revealed that the informal apprenticeship system in the Jos metropolis contributes to skill development among apprentices, there are significant socio-economic impacts of informal apprenticeship on apprentices and their communities in the Jos metropolis, and there is potential for improvement in the informal apprenticeship system in the Jos metropolis to enhance its role in building human capital and addressing current challenges. Among the recommendations were: To enhance the effectiveness of the informal apprenticeship system in the Jos metropolis, it is crucial to introduce standardised training curricula, clear mentorship structures, and legal recognition. This formalisation will ensure that apprentices receive a comprehensive education, legal protection, and fair wages. This step will help improve the quality and transparency of the system
ROLE OF AFRICAN UNION (AU), SUB-REGIONAL BLOCS (ECOWAS AND SADC) IN CONFLICT MANAGEMENT AND PEACEMAKING
No full textIn Africa, some political elite have been fanning the embers of violence for the purpose of promoting their private interest. They sometime sponsor ethnic and religious violence across their countries and even across national borders within their sub-region. This has made the African Union (AU) and sub-regional blocs Economic Community of West Africa (ECOWAS) and Southern AfricaDevelopment Community (SADC) to create structures and institutions to carryout activities in conflict management and peacemaking. ECOWAS in this regard, adopted in December 1999 a mechanism for conflict prevention, management, resolution, peacekeeping, and security with a view to resolving issues relating to peacemaking and keeping, humanitarian support and curtail trans-border crimes. Southern African Development Community (SADC) region has also being experiencing isolated armed conflicts due to lack of development which is the source of major long-term risk to regional stability. SADC has established a peace and security infrastructure in line with the African Peace and Security Architecture (APSA). However, persistent governance deficits and the lackluster record of conflict management is posing challenge to security management in the sub-region. This article assessed the role of these three institutions in peace, security and conflict management in African and the two sub-regions under review. Regional integration theory advocated by Ernest Haas (1958; 1976) and Hoffmann (1966) on the need for regional organization to promote peace and manage conflict among nation-states and for the international community to attained their goal in international system was adopted as the theoretical framework. Qualitative research method was adopted in this study. Content analysis of secondary sources was used to analyse data. Existing texts on the subject matter were interpreted, while drawing inference and conclusion on the role of African union and sub-regional blog of ECOWAS and SADC on conflict management in their respective region
THE USE OF FOOTBALL DIPLOMACY FOR SOCIO-POLITICAL AND CONFLICT RESOLUTION IN AFRICA: THE CONFEDERATION OF AFRICAN FOOTBALL HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE
No full textThis study reviews football\u27s role as a diplomatic tool for achieving socio-political development and conflict resolution in Africa. Specifically, the Paper extensively reviews and assesses the contributions of the Confederation of African Organized Football (CAF) tournament to African development and conflict resolution. The paper identifies that football significantly impacts on politics, diplomacy, conflict resolution, and even peacebuilding. Organized tournaments have been found to have been used by African countries to express both pleasure and displeasure through participation and boycott of the tournament. CAF organized football tournaments have also been used to punish a country by banning from taking part and fines. It was also highlighted that there has been a remarkable decline in violent conflict across Africa in the past decade. However, this has not always been equated to peace achieved through the roles played by football stars as peace ambassadors. The paper recommends football as a tool for diplomatic relations. Football has also been seen to be one of the greatest tools in promoting bilateral diplomatic relations among the nations in Africa and globally. Football diplomacy transcends cultural differences and creates opportunities for alternate avenues for overcoming hostilities, official dialogue and inter-group relations, uniting separate nations through a love of footbal
GENDER DIFFERENCE IN COPING STRATEGIES AND ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT AMONG SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN ZARIA METROPOLIS
No full textThis study examined gender difference in coping strategies and academic achievement among secondary school students in Zaria metropolis Kaduna state, Nigeria. Two objectives were formulated for the study. A survey research design was used with a population of the study comprising of all SS 3 students from senior secondary schools in Zaria metropolis totaling 9,249 out of which a sample of 250 were drawn based on the recommendation of Research Advisors (.2006). A multistage sampling procedure was adopted in selecting the sample of the study. Instrument used for data collection was self-developed Coping Strategies Inventory while Mathematics and English MOCK Examination results for 2022/2023 academic session was the measure of Academic Achievement. An inferential statistic of t-test was used to test the null hypotheses at 0.05 levels of Significance. Findings revealed that no significant difference exists between coping strategies of male and female SS 3 students in Zaria metropolis, t= .885, and p = .379. The study also found that no significant difference in academic achievement of male and female SS 3 students in Zaria metropolis, t = -.122 and p = .903. It was recommended that Psychologists and counsellors should educate students on the different coping strategies irrespective of gender. Learning should be made interesting and engaging to both male and female students to give room for a healthy competition which would enhance a greater academic achievement for both gender