IBBU Journals (Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University)
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EFFECT OF MARKET SEGMENTATION PRACTICES ON THE PERFORMANCE OF SMALL SCALE BUSINESSES IN MAIDUGURI METROPOLIS, BORNO STATE, NIGERIA.
No full textMarket segmentation is essential for the performance of any business, it involves taking the total of a heterogeneous market and dividing it into sub-markets or segments each of which is homogeneous in all aspect. The study examines the effect of market segmentation on the performance of small scale businesses in Maiduguri Metropolis. The study specifically examines the effect of geographic, demographic, psychographic and behavioral segmentation on the performance of small scale businesses in Maiduguri Metropolis. Data for the study was analysed using descriptive and inferential analysis with the aid of the statistical package for social sciences and strata. It was found in this study that geographic segmentation was the least problem inhibiting performance, followed by demographic segmentation, and psychographic variable was found to be the major problem inhibiting the performance followed by behavioral segmentation of small scale businesses in Maiduguri Metropolis. The study recommends; that owners of small scale businesses should consider psychographic and behavioral variables as it will enable them to target a particular market segment properly and to also position their products to occupy a distinctive place in the mind of their prospective customers
The Investigating Socio-Economic Contributions of Informal Workers’ Associations Towards Development of Periodic Markets in Katsina City
No full textThere are few studies that relate to informal economy workers’ associations and their contributions to the development of periodic markets in Nigeria. Associations of informal economy workers usually dominate periodic markets establishments. The main objective of this study is to explore the socio-economic contributions of informal Economy Workers Associations to the development of periodic markets around Katsina city. Being an exploratory study and using phenomenological approach of qualitative research, interviews were held with officials of the seven recognized informal economy workers’ associations. These interviews were held in Himata, Kofar Marusa and ‘Yar Kutungu markets; being the three periodic rural markets available in Katsina. Drawing inferences from their activities in the periodic markets of Katsina city, the study examines how these organised informal economy workers’ associations contribute to the socio-economic development of these periodic markets. Findings reveal that the operations of these associations are the main hub of commercial activities of the periodic markets in the city. The associations contribute to the development of the periodic markets in the city markets through generation of employment and income to the members and revenue generation to the authorities. The study recommends that, given the multiplicity of the informal economic activities in the periodic markets, the government should try to expand the scope of the markets in order to attract more members from far and wide
Perception and Demographic factors as Determinants of Health Seeking Behaviour among Urban and Rural dwellers in Nasarawa Sate, Nigeria
No full textIt is important to note that, perception is a powerful tool that drives individual behaviour including health-seeking behaviour. Unfortunately, the perception of HIV/AIDS and health-seeking behaviour has not been researched particularly in Nasarawa State. This study therefore looks at the perception of HIV/AIDS and demographic factors as determinants of health-seeking behaviour among rural and urban dwellers in Nasarawa State. A cross-sectional survey design was used and the researcher used 300 participants comprising 169 (56.3%) male, 129 (43.0%) female with 2 (0.7%) of the respondents who did not indicate their sex. Their ages ranged from 13 to 60 years of age with an average age of 31.95 (SD = 27.00). Two standardized instruments comprising of perception of HIV/AIDS Scale developed by Wyk, (2005) and health-seeking behaviour scale developed by Topkaya, Şahin and Meydan, (2007). Three research hypotheses were formulated and tested and the result from the first hypothesis showed that there was a significant influence of perception of HIV/AIDS on health-seeking behaviour among rural and urban dwellers in Nasarawa State [R = .393 and R2 = .155, F (1, 272) = 3.291; p<.05]. Beta weight [β = -.109, t = -1.814; p<.01] shows that urban and rural dwellers in Nasarawa State significantly have negative perceptions and as such, scored less on health-seeking behaviour. Finding from the second hypothesis showed that, there was a significant location difference on health-seeking behaviour among urban and rural dwellers in Nasarawa State [t (274) = -1.903; p<.01] with participants in rural areas (Mean = 40.14; SD = 14.96) significantly scoring higher on health-seeking behaviour than their urban counterparts (Mean = 36.99; SD = 12.47). From the third hypothesis, it was found that there was no significant relationship between age and health-seeking behaviour among urban and rural dwellers in Nasarawa State [r (267) = .004; p>.05]. The findings were discussed in line with other studies and conclusions were drawn. It was recommended that there is a need for an appropriate education program for the entire population in Nasarawa State to enable them to change their perception towards HIV/AIDS as this will go a long way in encouraging them to seek health and help themselves including their loved ones
Secondary School Student’s Perception of Online Learning (Radio Programme) During Covid-19 Pandemic in Minna Metropolis of Niger State, Nigeria
No full textThis study assesses secondary school students’ perception of online learning duringcovid-19 lockdown in Minna metropolis of Niger State. Three objectives withcorresponding research questions guided the study. A cross-sectional survey researchdesign was adopted for the study. A total of 170 secondary school students form thesample for the study. The instrument used for the study was researchers-designedquestionnaire. The questionnaire was validated by experts and Cronbach Alpha’s valuewas computed to ascertain the internal consistency. The reliability coefficient of thequestionnaire was obtained to be 0.84. The collected data were analysed using Meanand Standard deviation with a criterion mean of 2.5 as the basis for judgment. Thefindings suggest that students who participated in this research have a positiveperception of the effectiveness of online learning radio programmes during covid-19pandemic in Minna metropolis. Hence, it was recommended among others thatCurriculum planners and professional associations should encourage their members toutilize online platforms to disseminate knowledge to the learners
Economic Consciousness in Pre-Literate Erinmope Sub-Kingdom: An Instruments of Innovation and Creativity before the Imposition of Colonial Rule in Nigeria
No full textThe paper documents the intrinsic value that the pre-literate Ekiti Sub-Kingdoms attached to the economy as circumstances as occasions provided opportunities for innovation and creativity with an emphasis on the civilization that “disappeared”. Erinmope people invented tools suitable for agricultural activities as they were compelled by the need to devise means of attending to the requirements of harnessing the resources in their environment. They also planted Owu (cotton seed) to run the textile factory with a weaving machine made of wood. These implements witnessed advancement by fashioning into better shapes and sharpened edges until c. 1900 when attention was shifted to westernization at the detriment of modernization. Thus with the objective by extension, the economy has not only been doing a yeoman’s job of stabilizing the society, but it has also been a reference index to which the people naturally recourse in times of need. The paper is a historical documentation with the use of historical methodology to the conclusion
THE FAMOUS ODI CULTURAL FESTIVAL IN THE ANCIENT KINGDOM OF ULI
No full textThe paper is on the “Odi” cultural festival of the ancient Uli kingdom. This festival is a cultural celebration that is as old as the town of Uli itself. Odi festival was given its preeminence because of its cultural importance to the people of Uli. It was a traditional and cultural festival celebrated to offer thanksgiving and honour to the great goddess of Atammiri River for the protection of the lives and property of community members. “Odi” was to be celebrated once every three years in Uli. It was a week-long activity which included Ibeyi Nzu, Itipia Nzu, Igbo Ehi Atammiri, Ugaliga Nzu, Icho mma anu ahu, Iti Nmanwu an Igba egwu. Although the above activities are in Igbo language, the present paper clearly explains what each represents to the understanding of the non-Igbo people who may come across and become interested in reading it. The author chooses to write about this festival because it has not been widely given enough academic publicity it deserves. This is in fact the first attempt to write the “Odi” festival for the outside world to read. The first ever major attempt was purely written in the Igbo language, titled “EMUME IGBA ODI N’ULI NKE DI OKPURU OCHICHI IME OBODO IHIALA,” meaning in English, the celebration of Odi in Uli in Ihiala Local Government Area. This Igbo version was written by Ojimba Glady Nnenna and published in 1991 by Alvana Press Owerri, Imo state. Therefore, this English language version will be significant and relevant not only to the people of the ancient Uli but to the generality of the people who are more interested in the culture and traditions of the Nigerian people. It is very important to note that this English version is not anywhere a translation of the Igbo version but should be regarded as a well-researched paper from the author and purely virgin as nowhere in the history of Nigeria can any come across any piece writtenabout “Odi festival in Uli.”
PONDEROUS CHILDHOOD AND THE CHALLENGES OF ALMAJIRAI PHENOMENON IN NORTHERN NIGERIA
No full textThe paper assessed the ponderous childhood of Almajirai in Northern Nigeria with particular reference to their historical evolution. The practice of Almajiri system of education makes reference to the Prophet Muhammad’s teachings that reiterates the search for knowledge even if it require travelling to the farthest area in the East (China). The Prophet and his disciples created a historic landmark culminating in migration from Makka to Medina, aptly referred to in Arabic as Almuhajirun (Migrants). By the 11th century, Islam was introduced to Borno Empire, hence their and advocation of the Almajiranci system of education by the rulers. Again, the 19th century Islamic revival’ movement led by Shehu Usmanu Danfodiyo established Islamic theocratic states that bolstered a similar system. This led to the establishment of the Inspectorate of Qur’anic Education, charged with the smooth running and funding of Almajiri education. However, the British colonial incursion and subjugation of Northern Nigeria in 1903 espoused a paradigm shift that eventually resulted in the transformation of Almajiri education, and when funding ceased at its expense, Western education took the vantage. In the subsequent time, the Almajirai condition became exacerbated through the search for food and means for the survival of the Malams (teachers) through begging for alms and engagement in menial jobs and other illicit activities. It is quintessential that the Almajirai of many challenges that inhibit the achievement of desired objectives; this included their subjection to deplorable conditions, and conscription into criminal groups, among others. Some of them became political hoodlums, thugs and nuisances to the society through smoking of Indian hemp, drug abuse and other narcotics which engendered involvement in violent conflicts viz; Boko Haram, armed banditry etc. Up to this contemporary period, Almajirai between the age is 2 and 5 and beyond, according to United Nations International Children Emergency Fund (UNICEF), was estimated to be 13.2 million in Nigeria. Against this backdrop the study explored the origin, motives and challenges of Almajiranci phenomenon in Northern Nigeria. For adequate comprehension, the study adopted the historical sources and method of data collection as well as a descriptive form of analysis. The study examined and used substantial primary data for the research
A CRITICAL DISCOURSE ON THE EMERGENCE AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE POLITICAL STRUCTURE OF NINGI EMIRATE IN BAUCHI STATE UP TO 1960
No full textThis work demonstrates the processes involved in the political evolution and development of Ningi. This process began long before the 19th century; however, it is obvious that significant political growth began with the arrival of Muslim-Hausa immigrants from the core Hausa Emirate of the Sokoto Caliphate. It is conspicuous that the British colonial government has tried to deny Ningi any status of emirate despite being Muslim leaders of the area in the pre-colonial period. This absurdity was obvious by the inconsistent policy of political re-organisation of the emirate. However, at last, they had no option but to do the needful. The research aims to critically discuss the processes through which the Ningi Emirate evolved. Therefore, written and unwritten data were scientifically accessed and evaluated, corroborated and a degree of consistency was established
INSECURITY IN NIGERIA: CHALLENGING ISSUES, THREATS AND ROLE OF FUNCTIONAL EDUCATION
No full textThis paper dwells on Insecurity in Nigeria: Challenging Issues, Threats and Role of Functional Education. The spate of insecurity in Nigeria is greatly alarming since it is almost a daily occurrence in all nooks and crannies of the country. The level of damage this insecurity has caused to the Nigerian economy cannot be overemphasized. Therefore, as a result, lives and properties have been lost, the national economy has been shrunk, and internal and foreign investments have been grossly affected. Education has been considered to be the change agent. This is because when the citizens are averagely educated, they are most likely to shun all social vices that relate to all forms of insecurity. Education prepares youths to be good and patriotic citizens who respect divergent views, on religious tolerance, ethnicity, social integration, high moral values, and dignity of labor. The paper discussed education and national security, the role of education in curbing insecurity in Nigeria, the change in Nigeria\u27s educational system to curb insecurity, and the role of the unemployed in Nigeria\u27s insecurity. It therefore recommends among others, the need to review the curriculum of the Nigerian education system to meet the current needs of vocational/entrepreneurship education, which will capture the aim and objective of functional education to guarantee growth and development
HISTORY AND NATION BUILDING: THE CHALLENGES OF NIGERIAN EXPERIENCE
No full textThe role of History in the development of a nation is indispensable. A nation that plays with its past by neglecting its history or its past in the task of nation-building shall find it very difficult to attain nationhood. Neglecting our history implies ignorance of our collective past as a people in a nation. This paper focuses on the challenges of nation-building and the pivotal role of history in fostering nation cohesion in Nigeria. Nigeria has been struggling with the task of nationbuilding since independence in 1960. Unfortunately, six decades after independence, the spate of crisis and acrimony among the people have been provoking scholarly debates about the creation of the Nigerian entity. Finally, the historical methodology approach of enquiry was used in theanalysis of facts presented in this paper