IBBU Journals (Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University)
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FARMERS/HERDSMEN CONFLICT IN NIGERIA: CAUSATIVE ANALYSIS OF THEORETICAL ASSUMPTIONS OF RELATIONAL THEORY OF CONFLICT
No full textOver the years, Nigeria has been witnessing a myriad of conflicts that its challenging the internal security stability of the country. Most of these crises could be political, economical (agitation), ethnic-based or religiously connected. But with the return of democracy in Nigeria in May 1999, this crisis seems to have taken a different turn, as it becomes more prevalent, pronounced and widespread in almost all parts of the country. However, this research examined the theoretical underpinning of relational theory of conflict to see how conflict emanated in the society. The study adopted qualitative method (secondary source) in data collection and analysis. Therefore, the study recommended that there is a need for a comprehensive approach to address the growing crisis associated with violence affecting farmers\u27 and herders\u27 in the country; such as convening an all-inclusive stakeholders conference to deliberate and come up with how to address this conflicts, the establishment of ranches and peoples\u27 police that will ensure efficiency and productivity in preventing avoidable communal conflicts between Fulani/herdsmen and farmers in the country
COMBATING BANDITRY THROUGH NON-KINETIC STRATEGY: AMNESTY NEGOTIATION IN NORTH-WEST, NIGERIA, 2015 – 2019
No full textIn the Horn of Africa, climate change has affected the pastoralist as a result of ecological factor that have displaced them from their lawful means of livelihood. The governments in the East Africa sub-region have used the doctrine of restorative justice to persuade violent non-state actors to lay down their arms. Also, in Nigeria, the notion of using amnesty as a mechanism for dissuading non-state armed groups from banditry was put in place by the government in order to encourage them to lay their arms. Both kinetic and nonkinetic operations have been carried out to combat the menace of banditry in rural communities in Nigeria. Amnesty negotiations in form of community dialogue, cow for arm swapping settlement and state peace mission committee are non-kinetic approaches employed for combating banditry in Nigeria. Air force bombardment, ground troop operations, seizing of GSM telecommunication network service, female soldiers\u27deployment, ending ransom payment, labeling bandits as terrorist among others are kinetic strategies used for combating the menace of rural banditry in north-west and north-central Nigeria. This study assessed the use of amnesty strategy as a non-kinetic approach for ending banditry in communities in the North Western state, Nigeria from 2015 to 2019. Newspaper reports served as source of secondary data for this study. The data collected was analysed in themes. The study concludes that the government amnesty programme did not succeed because the bandits were not profiled as groups and as individuals before implementing the cash, land or cow for gun strategy with bandit as a precondition for stopping their nefarious activities in the communities where they operate
GLOBALIZATION, TRANSNATIONAL CRIME AND ECONOMIC INSTABILITY IN NIGERIA
No full textGlobalization is a controversial concept as two schools of thoughts have offered antagonistic views of the impact of globalization. The disagreement among these schools is in the positivity and negativity of globalization. This paper is to find a middle way between the two school of thoughts on globalization by investigating the reasons why globalization favor one nation and destroys another. Using Nigeria as a case study, the paper adopted the weak state theory as its framework of analysis, presented and analyzed secondary data. The paper found out that Nigeria like all other weak states is not positioned to benefit from globalization. The paper therefore suggest that building a strong state through political and economic reforms that will establish strong institutions and systems is the way out
WATTLE GENE AND ITS INFLUENCE ON REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE AND RECTAL TEMPERATURE IN RED SOKOTO (MARADI) DOES RAISED SEMI-INTENSIVELY IN MINNA, NIGER STATE, NIGERIA.
No full textA study on the Influence of wattle gene in Red Sokoto (Maradi) goats on reproductive performance and rectal temperature was carried out at the Teaching and Research Farm of the Department of Animal Production, Federal University of Technology, Minna. Thirty six (36) Red Sokoto goats comprising of thirty-two (32) does and four (4) bucks managed semi-intensively were used for the study. Parameters examined for the experiment includes: Conception rate, Abortion rate, parturition, gestation gain, gestation length, weight of does pre and post partum kidding loss, litter size, body weight of kid(s) at birth, mortality rate, rate of twin/singles and ratio of males to females, the rectal temperature, progesterone and oestrogen profile of the does. After the experiment, it was observed that: wattle gene had significant (p<0.05) influence on the reproductive performance of Red Sokoto does. Wattled does mated with wattled buck (T4) had the lowest weight of doe pre and post-partum. Wattled does mated with non-wattled buck (T3) and wattled does mated with wattled buck (T4) had the highest kidding loss and larger litter size. Non-wattled does mated with wattled buck (T2) and wattled does mated with non-wattled buck (T3) had the better birth weight of kids. Females mated with non wattled buck (T1) and (T3) had the highest conception rate of up to 62.5 %. Mating between the wattled and non-wattled (T2 and T3) had 0 % abortion. Mating between wattled does mated with wattled bucks (T4) had up to 50 % twins. Mating between non-wattled does mated with wattled bucks (T2) produced the highest number of males while mating between wattled does and wattled buck (T4) had the largest percentage of female kids (66.7 %).
 
EXPLORATION FOR GROUNDWATER WITHIN THE LAW FACULTY OF IBBU LAPAI, NIGERIA
No full textThis study was conducted to evaluate the structural competence of the subsurface geological materials on which the building of the Faculty of Law, IBBUL Niger State, Nigeria was erected. It as well geophysically characterized the site quality, suitability and possible viable groundwater resources location. Five Vertical Electrical Soundings (VES) points were investigated in the study area employing ABEM Terrameter SAS 300C with Schlumberger electrode configuration of maximum electrode separation AB/2 = 60 m. The field resistivity data were modeled and interpreted using IPI2WIN computer software. The results were presented in the form of pseudo cross section, geo-electric sections along three cross sections, and log table. The interpreted results showed that the geo-electric sections consist of mainly three layers, which are: Top soil, Aquifer layer, weathered basement layer. The resistivity value and subsurface layer thickness for the top soil varied from 0.09 to 24.60 Ώm and 5.05 to 32.70 m respectively. The aquifer layer had resistivity values ranging from 128 to 264 Ώm and thickness between 14.50 and 15.80. The weathered layer resistivity varied from 37.70 to 449 Ώm with thickness of 13.40 m to 67.60 m. Geo-electric sections along VES point 1 revealed the weakest geologic materials with highest moisture content materials and at very shallowest depth, thus not suitable for locating any civil engineering infrastructure. VES points 3 and 4 are the delineated areas suitable for building development, thereby ascertaining the suitability and quality of the location for the faculty building already on scene. Viable Borehole drill point was delineated at a point midway between VES points 4 and 5. Adoption of Geophysical site characterization as top pre-building development expert standards with strong legislative backings in order to establish; the topography elevation, clay & moisture contents, and the depth to the weak zones before embarking on any building construction was recommended
BACTERIOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF SOYA-BEAN CAKE (AWARA) SOLD IN FEDERAL UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, MINNA, NIGER STATE (BOSSO CAMPUS)
No full textSoy bean cake (Awara) is a ready to eat snack consumed by students on campus usually due to convenience or acclaimed nutritive value. The bacteriological assessment of awara was carried out using pour plate technique. The highest mean bacterial count was 7.50x105cfu/g and the lowest was 4.5x105cfu/g. Bacteria isolated from samples were Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Salmonella sp, the predominant bacteria was S. aureus. The presence of these pathogens indicates contamination which can have a negative impact on public health. Therefore, there is need to sensitize students on the health hazard pose by the consumption of contaminated street vended snacks, educate the handlers on personal hygiene and environmental cleanliness
IMPACT OF POPULATION GROWTH ON SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT: THE NIGERIAN EXPERIENCE
No full textScholars argue that high population growth creates pressures on inadequate natural resources, mitigate private and public capital formation, and redirect additions to capital resources to preserving rather than increasing the stock of capital per worker.Others point to positive effects such as economies of scale and specialization, the possible spur to favorable motivation caused by increased dependency, and the more favorable attitudes, capacities, and motivations of younger populations compared with older ones. Recent United Nation projection put Nigerians population at 216 million people. It is against this backdrop that this study examines the prospect of population as a potent instrument for Nigerian\u27s development. The paper utilizes secondary source of data, whereas analytical method of data analysis was utilized. Inductive analysis from this paper indicate that population growth is a potential resource for socio-economic development provided that the population is optimally utilize. China with its population of 1.2 billion was able to lift use its productive population to left over 200 million out of poverty in 20 years, and become one of the leading economies in the world. This study recommends that Nigeria should see population as a blessing that should be utilize for national development. Nigeria should convert its population from a consumption population to a productive population as this is the only means by which Nigeria can utilize its population for national development
AN ASSESSMENT OF THE OPEN GRAZING PROHIBITION AND RANCHES ESTABLISHMENT POLICY IN TARABA STATE
No full textFarmers and herders have coexisted for centuries all over the world. Increased competition for natural resources, on the other hand, has resulted in farmer-herder clashes across Sub-Saharan Africa. Nigeria has 18.4 million cattle, with 13 million owned by households. Livestock accounts for 21% of agriculture\u27s Gross Domestic Product. In Nigeria, there is a demand-supply imbalance in the dairy and meat sectors. The livestock sub-sector faces numerous challenges, including limited water and land resources. In order to reduce the violence between farmers and herders Government introduced ranches policy in Nigeria. This study assess the effect of ranches policy in Nigeria. Journals, newspapers, books, as well as information from several policy documents (from the Federal and State Ministry of Agriculture) served as secondary sources for the data used in this study. Thomas Homer-Dixon (1999) Environmental Scarcity Theory offers theoretical flavor Findings show that as open grazing is out of date, ranching is becoming more and more popular as a solution to the ongoing farmers/herders conflict. The study suggests establishing sustainable cow ranching in various states amongst others, across the states, the laws limiting open grazing must be examined in order to broaden and include the legislative process. State officials would be responsible for ensuring the involvement and participation of all parties in the process, Ensure effective law enforcement, state authorities should include local traditional and religious institutions, as well as community vigilante and neighborhood watch groups, whose roles in conflict resolution have grown in importance in the face of escalating insecurity and state failure and the legislation should address the core causes of theconflicts, particularly the issues caused by open grazing, particularly in rural places where governmental presence is waning
IMPACT OF NATIONAL ORIENTATION AGENCY TRAIN THE TRAINERS PROGRAM ON FOSTERING NATIONAL AWARENESS
No full textThe study investigates the impact of the National Orientation Agency (NOA) National Training of Trainers Program on fostering national awareness, with a specific focus on patriotism, nationalism, self-discipline, and self-reliance. Utilizing survey responses from program participants, A sample of employees from various departments and levels within the NOA, FCT Directorate, participated in the study. Data analysis involves statistical techniques to determine the correlation between e- National Orientation Agency (NOA) National Training of Trainers Program on fostering national awareness the study human capital Theory as a framework. the analysis reveals substantial positive impacts on understanding of patriotism and self-reliance, while uncovering a more divided opinion on the contribution to self-discipline. Additionally, the study explores the program\u27s influence on community members\u27 expressions of patriotism and its role in shaping public discourse on national awareness and values. The study\u27s findings revealed the analysis of responses to the National Training of Trainers Program suggest an overall positive impact on participants\u27 understanding of patriotism, self-discipline, and self-reliance. The study recommends among others that NOA should develop comprehensive communication strategies to articulate the program\u27s goals, methodologies, and expected outcomes. Thereby establishing feedback mechanisms to address concerns and provide clarity on aspects that participants may find ambiguous or confusing
IMPACT OF ENTREPRENEURIAL SKILLS DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMMES ON YOUTH INCOME: A STUDY IN MAIDUGURI METROPOLIS, BORNO STATE, NIGERIA
No full textThis Paper examines the causal relationship between Entrepreneurial Skills Development Programmes (ESDP) and the income levels of youth in Maiduguri Metropolis, Borno State, Nigeria. The independent variable, ESDP participation, is examined in relation to the dependent variable, youth income, through a systematic assessment guided by system theory. Leveraging primary and secondary data collected via surveys, questionnaires, and government reports, the study aims to discern the extent to which ESDP contributes to changes in the income levels of its beneficiaries. The results offer insights into the significance of ESDP in positively influencing youth income, thereby shedding light on effective strategies for poverty reduction in the region. The paper also proposes recommendations for policy interventions and sustainable development, establishing a clear link between the independent and dependent variables explored in the study