IBBU Journals (Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University)
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Impact of Insecurity on Women’s Entrepreneurial Activities in Shiroro Local Government Area of Niger State
No full textThis study examined the impact of insecurity on the entrepreneurial activities of women in Shiroro Local Government Area of Niger State, focusing specifically on issues about women’s financial dependence, the kind of entrepreneurial activities common among them and the dimension of the impact of insecurity on their entrepreneurial endeavours. A sample of 377 women was surveyed, leading to the findings that women in Shiroro are highly entrepreneurial with high level of financial independence, engaging mostly in SMEs. The study also found that while insecurity has an adverse effect on women’s entrepreneurial activities in the form of loss of or decline of capital among other things, the number of women entrepreneurs has not experienced a significant decline. The study recommended that sustainable programmes to improve women’s access to and use of financial services should be created and community policing organisations should also be created and strengthened to combat insecurity in the study area
Nigeria, Poverty and the First Sustainable Development Goal
No full textThe study reviewed Nigeria’s performance in her quest to achieve the first Sustainable Development Goal, namely, to end poverty in all its forms everywhere. Five direct targets were considered, covering various aspects of the goal. From a dialectical perspective, and the poverty climate of the country, it was concluded that Nigeria can neither check poverty in her domain nor achieve the first sustainable development goal by 2030. The study reiterated that if ending poverty in Nigeria will be at all possible, it certainly cannot occur by the target date. The likelihood is that poverty will remain, perhaps even blossom in some segments of the society where it was earlier strongly anchored, as well as some segments previously less susceptible to it. These include children and youths within the age bracket 15 to 35 years who have been mostly at risk, and men in the age range 35 to 55 years who were least at risk. Among others, it is recommended that the improbability of banishing poverty by 2030 should be officially recognized and a strategy to banish poverty redrawn
Water caused diseases prevalence resulting from Septic Contamination of Hand-Dug Wells in Ughelli, Delta State, Nigeria
No full textThis study focused on assessing water caused diseases prevalence resulting from septic contamination of hand-dug wells in Ughelli, Delta State. The study deployed experimental and ex-post-facto research designs. Water samples were collected at varying distances from the wells for a period of one year and their physico-chemical and bacteriological properties were compared with the WHO standards. Medical records of patients were collected from government hospitals and correlated with water quality values, using MLR. The results showed that the physicochemical characteristics of well-water was within the WHO limits at 5 to 30 meters away from the septic tanks. Biological characteristics revealed 24 colonies on average in water samples at 5metres distance of septic tank to shallow wells. This showed that it was possible for human health to be affected when such water is ingested. The MLR revealed r value of 0.52 and was able to explain that 27.5% cases of water related illness were attributable to quality of drinking water alone. The MLR was also significant at p<0.05. (F-6.1, sig-0.001) implying that, water related illnesses such as typhoid, dysentery and diarrhoea significantly depended on water quality of hand-dug wells in Ughelli. Siting hand-dug wells at a minimum distance of 25metres from septic tanks, regulation of neighbourhood wells and septic systems are recommended to reduce the risk of groundwater contamination from septic systems
PRIVACY AND SECURITY CHALLENGES IN THE INTERNET OF THINGS: EMERGING TRENDS AND SOLUTIONS
No full textThe rapid proliferation of Internet of Things (IoT) devices has ushered in numerous societal benefits but has also raised significant privacy and security concerns. This journal article delves into the pivotal role of IoT in society, the challenges confronting IoT privacy and security, threats and attacks targeting IoT devices, and the existing solutions and gaps in addressing these challenges. To achieve its objectives, the study formulated five research questions as guiding principles. A standard questionnaire served as the primary data collection tool, involving 100 IoT device users and a sample of 20 IoT industry stakeholders, encompassing developers, manufacturers, and policymakers. Data collection and analysis were conducted using SPSS version 26. The findings underscore a noteworthy consensus among both users and industry experts regarding the risks associated with data collection, authentication, firmware updates, network vulnerabilities, data integrity, and user awareness. These challenges bear substantial implications for user privacy and the overall security of IoT systems. Consequently, the study recommends the comprehensive integration of user education initiatives, user-friendly privacy solutions, a "privacy by design" ethos for developers, and public-private cooperation to enact practical and effective regulations. Through the adoption of these measures, stakeholders, policymakers, and industry participants can collaboratively enhance the security and privacy of IoT devices, fostering user trust and promoting the responsible adoption of IoT technologies. The study highlights the imperative for proactive measures to address these concerns, emphasizing the shared apprehension among stakeholders and users about the potential risks posed by IoT devices, along with the call for universally endorsed regulations or standards to safeguard privacy and security within IoT environments. This underscores the urgency of policy initiatives and educational campaigns to tackle these critical issues and reinforce the overall security and privacy of IoT ecosystems
QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS OF AEROMAGNETIC DATA OF BASHAR AND ENVIRONS, NORTH-CENTRAL NIGERIA
No full textThis study focuses on Qualitative Analysis of Aeromagnetic Data of Bashar and environs, North-central Nigeria. Software used for the analysis include: Oasis Montaj Version 8.4, Matlab Version R2010a, Grapher 5, SUFER 11, Georient and Microsoft Excel. The Total Magnetic Intensity (TMI) map has intensity values that range from 32876.4 to 33189.7 nT, showing significant magnetic high and low signatures. The Reduce-to-Equator (RTE) map has an intensity range of -732.6 to -405.5nT. The Upward Continuation analysis of 15 km distance which shows more of the deep regional trend with a range of -616.7nT to -457.6nT. The First Vertical Derivative (FVD) map has an intensity value ranges from -0.123 to 0.102nT/m. The magnetic high regions could be said to be regions with fresh basement outcrops while the regions with low magnetic intensity could be said to be region with old weathered outcrops. The lineaments observed were basic dykes, alpite, felsite and quartz veins which the host minerals. The dominant trend of lineament is NE-SW while minor trend of lineament is NW-SE direction. The rose diagram plot shows the lineaments trending NE-SW, NW-SE, and NNE-SSW directions, with the NE-SW being the dominant trend. The mineralization map shows positive magnetic intensity which ranges from 0.2 to 129.8. The region characterized by high magnetic anomalies intensity (36.7 - 129.8) is associated with rocks having higher content of ferromagnetic minerals and could be attributed to underlying igneous and metamorphic rocks while the region with low magnetic intensity (0.2 - 26.6) corresponds to the sedimentary bedding of sandstones, siltstones and claystone within the study area
A SHORT NOTE ON THE IMPACTS OF THE CONNECTED LEARNING FOR TEACHERS CAPACITY BUILDING IN STEM PROJECT (CL4STEM) IN THE GLOBAL SOUTH
No full textThe CL4STEM project is a South-South collaboration among higher education institutions associated with teacher professional development to adapt and pilot the Connected Learning Initiative (CLIx) (https://clix.tiss.edu), which was already developed and scaled in India, to new contexts in Bhutan, Nigeria, and Tanzania. The CL4STEM project is funded by the Global Partnership for Education Knowledge and Innovation Exchange (GPE-KIX) in partnership with the International Development Research Centre (IDRC), Canada. The Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University, Lapai, Nigeria, is the lead of the CL4STEM Consortium which comprises Samtse College of Education, Bhutan and Open University of Tanzania as the country partners. Tata Institute of Social Sciences, India, is the technical consultant to the project. The Nigerian collaborators are Bayero University Kano and Kaduna State University. Thirteen (13) online modules (three each for physics, chemistry, biology and mathematics and one common pedagogy module) were co-developed and were further localized for each country context. These modules were then curated and shared as open education resources (OER). In each partner country, twenty junior and middle secondary school teachers in physics, chemistry, biology and mathematics (a total of eighty teachers) were invited to participate in the project. The results obtained in the project countries with regards to teachers\u27 instructional practices reveal a shift from the traditional classroom practices to innovative instructional and assessment practices embedded in the CL4STEM modules
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT “GOAL 1” AND POVERTY REDUCTION IN NIGER STATE
No full textThe Nigerian government aims to lift 100 million citizens out of poverty by 2030. This initiative is a response to the significant challenges of wide-spread poverty, evident in issues such as a high number of children not attending school, gender-based difficulties, and the overall poor socioeconomic conditions of the population. Recognising the urgency, the government is implementing a plan to address these issues within the next seven years. Yet, examining the government\u27s history reveals consistent issues of developmental failures, misplaced priorities, hastily formulated policies, and ineffective policy implementation. This study examined sustainable development “goal 1” and poverty reduction in Niger Statebased on cross-sectional data randomly collected from 371 respondents across 224 towns and villages in 12 local government areas (LGAs) ofthe state. The Study was anchored on David Easton System Theory. The study found that political instability, inadequate infrastructure, social inequality, environmental issues, and limited access to financial resources are pivotal barriers. There is a need to further enhance and expand targeted economic empowerment programs under SDG Goal 1 in Niger State. This could involve collaborating with relevant stakeholders, scaling up successful initiatives, and ensuring sustained efforts to address the multifaceted aspects of poverty in the region
ASSESSMENT OF THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPLICATIONS OF FUEL SUBSIDY REMOVAL IN NIGERIA:
No full textA subsidy is defined as any measure that keeps prices for a good or product below market level for consumers or producers.. Data for the study were sources through primary and secondary sources of data collection for the study. The study review some scholarly views on the subject matter under the literature .This study is descriptive in nature. The survey and documentary research designs were used in the conduct of this study. Both qualitative and quantitative approaches were adopted to obtain the data used in the study. The qualitative data was obtained through Focus Group Discussion (FGD) and interview. Twenty (20) Participants were involved in the focus group activities. Participants were selected from four different local government areas in Kaduna State. The criteria for the selection of participants are: gender, occupation, age, geo-political zone in Nigeria, and education. Five (5) participants from each the six geopolitical zones in Nigeria were involved in the FGD .Data collected were qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed in the study. The findings and recommendations were highlighted in the study
EFFECT OF CORPORATE GOVERNANCE MECHANISMS ON THE FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF SOME SELECTED INSURANCE COMPANIES IN NIGERIA
No full textThis study examined the effect of corporate governance mechanisms on some selected insurance companies using panel data which span from 2018 to 2022 five years for each of the selected insurance companies. The researcher subjected the data to statistical examinations using the panel least square regression and the Granger causality test and the findings revealed that, in line with expectation, board size positively predicted return on assets in insurance companies. This prediction was found to be insignificant. The study recommends that Insurance companies should possess a board size large enough to encompass individuals of diverse level of knowledge and expertise. This would make the board competent enough to make sound decisions in diverse fields. Compensation of directors should be tailored to the level of the financial performance of the insurance company. This could be done by allotting bonuses and benefits based on profitability
EFFECT OF THE EFCC\u27S PLEA BARGAINING IN CORRUPTION CASES UNDER PRESIDENT MUHAMMADU BUHARI\u27S ADMINISTRATION 2015-2023
No full textThis study examines the effectiveness of plea bargaining in corruption cases by Nigeria\u27s Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC) during President Muhammadu Buhari\u27s administration (2015-2023). Using a qualitative case study design, the research analyzes selected high-profile corruption cases, court records, EFCC documents, and public discourse to evaluate the impact of plea bargaining on asset recovery and public perceptions of justice. The findings reveal that plea bargaining achieved a 78% successful asset recovery rate compared to 45% in traditional trials, with effectiveness dependent on early defendant cooperation, international collaboration, and robust asset tracing capabilities. However, the study also uncovers significant public skepticism, with 67% of public commentary expressing concerns about the fairness of plea bargaining in high-profile cases, particularly regarding perceived leniency in sentencing. While plea bargaining has enhanced the EFCC\u27s operational efficiency and asset recovery capabilities, its implementation has created tension between expedited case resoluti onand public expectations of justice. The research concludes that successful plea bargaining requires balancing operational efficiency with public accountability and recommends establishing specialized plea bargaining units and implementing transparent communication frameworks to maintain public confidence in the justice system