IBBU Journals (Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University)
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THE ROLE OF ROAD TRANSPORTATION MODE ON THE MARKETING OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCE IN LAPAI LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF NIGER STATE, NIGERIA.
No full textThe study assessed the role of road transportation modes on marketing of agricultural produce in Lapai Local Government Area of Niger State. The research was conducted in the year 2021 and the duration was three months only. Multistage random sampling technique was used to select a sample of ninety (90) respondents for the study. Primary data were collected with the aid of a structured questionnaire. Analysis of the data was through the use of descriptive statistics and Chi-square analysis. The results revealed the mean age of the respondents was 45 years, mostly male, married and less than half (31%) had formal education. The mean of marketing experience was 27years while the mean of household size was 7 persons. Marketing was considered as full-time occupation (71%) with agricultural produce ranging from melon (31%), maize (28%) to rice (22%) as the major agricultural produce marketed. The mean annual income was ₦40,272:22k and vehicle (60%) was considered to be the main road transportation mode. Also, the constraints associated with the use of road transportation mode were lack of good road, high cost of transportation and poor knowledge of market situations. The result of Chi-square analysis indicated a significance association between cost of road transportation and price of agricultural produce. The recommendations offered includes: Government should maintain and repair the existing roads, built market close to agricultural producing areas to reduce the cost of transportation and the marketers should form Cooperative Society to monitor the market situations through information sharing
PROVENANCE AND PALEOENVIRONMENTS OF THE SHALES OF PATTI AND ENAGI FORMATIONS IN BIDA BASIN, NORTH CENTRAL NIGERIA: EVIDENCE OF MARINE COVERAGE IN THE CAMPANIAN – MAASTRICHTIAN
No full textThe lateral equivalent Campanian- Maastrichtian shales of Patti and Enagi formations in the Bida Basin were investigated for provenance and paleoenvironments through inorganic geochemistry and foraminiferal paleoecological studies. The shales exposed at Ahoko, Patti Formation and at subsurface in a borehole at Gulu, Enagi Formation are grey to black and massive with about 10m and 28m thicknesses, respectively. Gulu shales consist mainly of benthonic foraminifera assemblages with representative species of Ammotium sp, Ammobaculites sp, Haplophragmoides sp, Trochammina sp, Miliamina sp, Pseudobilivina sp., Spiroplectammina sp., and Textularia sp. while the shale from Ahoko included similar benthic foraminifera and macro fossils like mulluscs. Their paleoecology suggests a slightly reduced saline marine environment ranging from brackish to the continental shelf. Vanadium to nickel ratio ranging from 0.6 to 3.3 in Ahoko and 0.2 to 52.6 in Gulu suggests mixed marine and terrigenous (fluvial) sources under dysoxic to oxic conditions with more marine influence in the shales of Gulu. Paleo-oxygenation indicated by V/Cr ratio of 0.1 to 4.3 in Ahoko and 0.6 to 6.3 in Gulu which are below 4.5 shows that paleo-conditions were more oxic with very sparse period of anoxic conditions for those above 4.5. SiO2 and Al2O3 are the most abundant oxides of the shales with average values of 57.6% and 26.9% in shales from Ahoko, and 51.3% and 27.5% in Gulu shale respectively suggesting more influx of terrigenous and argillaceous sediments of the fluvial settings in the south. Average Al2O3/TiO2 of 14.3 in Ahoko, and 23.4 in Gulu indicates that their sediments were sourced from intermediate igneous and felsic rocks respectively. Their degree of weathering estimated from the chemical index of alteration (CIA) ranges from 94 - 107, thus indicating a high degree of chemical weathering in hot and humid tropical climates. K2O/Na2O against SiO2 and other indices suggest an active continental margin with a mixture of intermediate, mafic, and felsic igneous rock for the source of the sediments for the shales of Patti and Enagi formations. The paleo-conditions of the studied shales are similar across the basin and this suggests a wide coverage of sedimentation of marine shale across the basin during the Campanian to Maastrichtian which could be a potential petroleum source or sealing rocks in the Bida Basin
REDUCTION OF TOTAL ORGANIC CARBON AND BIOCHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMAND USING MODIFIED AND UNMODIFIED Hibiscus sabdiriffa AND Hibiscus esculentus STALKS: KINETIC AND ISOTHERM STUDY
No full textTreatment of dye effluent could become a great move towards environmental protection and sustainability. Hence, this research was aimed at studying the use of Hibiscus esculentus and Hibiscus sabdiriffa Stalks for the reduction of Total Organic Carbon (TOC) and Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD). Hibiscus esculentus and Hibiscus sabdiriffa stalks were collected, modified with Cetyltrimethylammonium Bromide and characterised by various techniques: High Resolution Scanning Electron Microscopy (HRSEM), Electron Dispersive Spectrometer (EDS), and Fourier Transform Infra Ray (FTIR). The adsorption studies of Hibiscus esculentus and Hibiscus sabdiriffa unmodified and modified for TOC and BOD reduction in wastewater collected from a dyeing pit at Kofar Mata Dye site in Kano, Nigeria were evaluated at different contact times, and dosage of adsorbents. The HRSEM results revealed surface morphology for unmodified Hibiscus sabdiriffa and Hibiscus esculentus were without defined pores, ridges, and defects, whereas for modified Hibiscus sabdiriffa and Hibiscus esculentus were textural and morphological changes. EDS studies showed evidence of the increment in carbon into the matrix of the modified Hibiscus sabdiriffa and Hibiscus esculentus activated carbon: 99.39 % and 98.21 % resp. Reduction of TOC from the wastewater increased with time and attained equilibrium at average of 94.35 % for modified Hibiscus sabdiriffa and Hibiscus esculentus activated carbon respectively and average of 80.10 % for unmodified Hibiscus sabdiriffa and Hibiscus esculentus respectively. Reduction of BOD from the wastewater, equilibrium was attained at average of 90.10 %, for modified Hibiscus sabdiriffa and Hibiscus esculentus activated carbon respectively and 85.10 % for unmodified Hibiscus sabdiriffa and Hibiscus esculentus activated carbon respectively. Isotherms data evaluated revealed Langmuir isotherm best fitted the equilibrium data. The kinetic data for all the adsorption experiments fitted to the pseudo- second–order model. Surfactant modified Hibiscus sabdiriffa and Hibiscus esculentus had good performance on TOC and BOD reduction of the textile wastewater than unmodified Hibiscus sabdiriffa and Hibiscus esculentus stalks
ASSESSMENT OF PROVENANCE SIGNATURES, MATURITY, WEATHERING AND THE TECTONIC SETTINGS OF STREAM SEDIMENTS FROM SHEET 202 SHARE (SW) NORTH CENTRAL NIGERIA.
No full textGeochemical study on the Sheet 202 Share SW stream sediments was carried out to infer their provenance, maturity, classification, tectonic setting and source-area weathering. The discriminant functions of the major oxides were plotted and revealed a mixed felsic/basic intermediate igneous provenance. The source characteristics of sediments are constrained with the Sr vs. Ba plot in which the Share SW sediments plots within the field of mature sediments. The chemical maturity of these sediments are also confirmed with the moderate Zr–Hf content since Hf and Zr are closely associated in sediments and are both concentrated in zircon. The Share Sheet 202 SW stream sediments display high La (383–1300 ppm) contents reflecting felsic input. Therefore, the La-Th-Sc ternary plot was used to determine the source of contamination of the Share SW sediments which fall within the field of granitic gneiss sources. Similarly, the discrimination diagrams of tectonic were used to evaluate the tectonic setting of the Share SW stream sediment samples with samples cluster at the passive margin. The Share SW sediments tectonic setting is of the passive continental margin, while the provenance is the intermediate igneous sediments of mature continental provenance, associated with a continental passive margin, in a recycled orogenic province
VISITING THE “DO” OF THESIS IN PEACE AND CONFLICT: THEORETICAL, CONCEPTUAL FRAME-WORKING AND DEPTH OF A RESEARCH
No full textThe demand for doing a good thesis has increased over the years in higher institutions, especially at the post-graduate degree level. This has generated controversy on proper thesis presentation. Meanwhile students are left in wonder of how to “do it right”. Areas where students require understanding to write a better thesis are identified. First, is presenting theoretical and conceptual frameworks’ and achieving research depth. Reach depths are does not establish research questions and hypothesis, and how they associate with theoretical and conceptual frameworks to produce theories. It is also identified that students find it difficult to find valid research gaps essential to reach research depth. It is argued that adding a conceptual framework to thesis becomes necessary because of increased changes in meaning emanating from modern phenomenal realities. The paper attempts to demystify research and presentation of research thesis
INFLUENCE OF PERCEPTION IN THE GENERATION AND MANAGEMENT OF GROUP CONFLICT: AN EXAMINATION OF HETEROGENEOUS SOCIETY
No full textThis paper examines the influence of perception in the generation and management of group conflict within a heterogeneous society, with a specific focus on Nigeria. The study employs a qualitative methodology, drawing on secondary data from existing literature, historical accounts, and policy documents to analyse the causes of social conflicts in Nigeria, which are traced back to colonial legacies. The philosophy behind the introduction of education in Nigeria is critically reviewed, highlighting its intended role in enhancing self-reliance, fostering national unity, and promoting social cohesion. The paper explores the limitations of education in achieving these objectives and identifies gaps in its implementation as a tool for proactive conflict management. Based on the findings, the paper proffers recommendations for adopting a re-engineered approach to education that emphasizes peace building, civic responsibility, and national integration. The study concludes that while education was originally designed to mitigate social conflicts, its impact has been limited, necessitating urgent reforms to ensure it effectively supports Nigeria’s development goals
FLOOD DISASTER AND SUSBTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS IN NIGERIA
No full textThis research discusses flood disaster and sustainable development goals in Nigeria. It sees flood as a global catastrophic disaster that has overtime affected many lives and properties and the actualization of sustainable development goals in Nigeria. Some of the affected goals are SDG 1, No poverty; SDG2 zero huger; SDG 4 quality education; SDG 6 clean water and sanitation; SDG 8 decent work and economic growth; SDG 11 sustainable cities and communities; SDG 14 life on water and SDG 15 life on land. The research recommended a flood risk reduction approach, advocacy, flood risk communication and assessment among others
LOCAL GOVERNMENT ADMINISTRATION AFTER INDEPENDENCE IN NIGERIA; ISSUES, CHALLENGES AND PRACTICAL SOLUTIONS
No full textThis paper is titled, Local Government Administration after Independence in Nigeria; Issues, Challenges and Practical Solutions. This paper considers major issues affecting Local Government Administration after independence in 1960 visa-a-vis its functions which are both mandatory, Regulatory and participatory in nature. The Native Authority system with its attendant challenges was equally looked at. The paper went further to look at the Local Government system and Grassroots Development during the military era down to the first, second and third Republics. The 1976 Local Government Reforms and other Reforms were also highlighted with their various challenges. The paper made use of mostly secondary data to gather materials. It was suggested amongst others that, as measures to improve the Local Government Administration in Nigeria, both the political, Administrative and traditional leadership of Local Government must be up and doing; that communication must be improved in our rural areas since our world has gone digital in many ways
WORKPLACE STRESS MANAGEMENT AND WORKER\u27S PERFORMANCE: THE NIGERIA WORK EXPERIENCE
No full textThis research investigate the as cendentry rise in workplace stress and it effect on workers performance. The paper saw stress as a strain and those elements that aggravate emotion and the physical wellbeing of a worker such that he or she becomes unable and unstable to discharge a set duty. Workplace stress comes as a result of work load and nature of work. The researcher used descriptive design and secondary method of data collection to guide the study. X – Rayed through the lens of human capital theory, the study recommended the training and retraining of staff and the prioritization of staff welfare to cushion the effect of stress among others
EFFECT OF MONETARY AND NON-MONETARY REWARDS ON EMPLOYEE ENGAGEMENT OF NON TEACHING STAFF OF FEDERAL POLYTECHNIC BIDA
No full textThis paper evaluated the effect of monetary and non-monetary rewards on employee engagement and firm performance at Federal Polytechnic Bida, Niger State, Nigeria. The research looked at the types of incentives (monetary and non-monetary) used in the institution, quality/quantity of incentives given to staff, and employees\u27 involvement in designing the incentives. Five hundred (500) sample respondents were taken from both academic and non-academic personnel. Statistical analysis was carried out using percentages. Results showed that these aspects have a major effect on employees\u27 achievement and stimulate them to do their best toward meeting Polytechnic objectives. On this basis, it has been suggested that management should keep improving staff incentives with regard to their benefits; that employees must continue to be part of incentive package formation; and that rewards should be distributed based on performance levels in order to promote competition/performance among staffmembers.