UNIR Revistas Científicas
Not a member yet
3108 research outputs found
Sort by
Editor's Note.
Get PDFThe International Journal of Interactive Multimedia and Artificial Intelligence - IJIMAI - provides a space in which scientists and professionals can report about new advances in Artificial Intelligence (AI). On this occasion, for the last edition of the year, I am pleased to present a regular issue including different investigations covering aspects and problems in AI and its use in various fields such as medicine, education, image analysis, protection of data, among others
Platform for Improving the User Experience in the Creation of Educational Multiplayer Video Games.
Get PDFStudents’ motivation is one of the factors that directly affect academic performance. In recent years, teachers are looking for ways to motivate students during their training period. For example, making use of slides, videos, films, comics or games to increase students' motivation to improve their learning experience. Some research works have revealed that multiplayer games which include cooperation and competition, among other factors, are an extraordinary tool for enhancing students’ motivation. Current alternatives make it very complex for teachers to create multiplayer games for their students. The definition of the game requires many configurations and even technical knowledge. This research proposes a new platform that allows teachers to create multiplayer video games in a simple and fast way, improving the game creation process over current alternatives. The resulting games are also designed for to improve the student experience, and make it fun. These games do not only include trivia questions, but also use functional mechanisms from video games. The design of the generated games allows students to master the games in a short period of time during their classes
UPMVM: A Metrics Verification Model for Urdu Poetry
Get PDFUrdu poetry retains a prominent position in the cultural heritage of Urdu language. Rhyme schemes and meters are frequently employed in poetry, which follow specific patterns and structures. Natural Language Processing has the capacity to recognize and analyze these patterns, which is beneficial in the investigation of poetic forms. This research presents the UPMVM (Urdu Poetry Metrics Verification Model), a novel rulebased architecture, designed for detecting meter of any given Urdu ghazal verse. In this work, we propose an algorithm that consists of sixteen steps that identifies the Arud meter in the Urdu verses using a custom developed system. This application will not only assist professional poets but also enable students to examine poetry within the framework of prosody principles. The accurate analysis of the prosody of any poetry relies on the act of uttering words rather than on a written record. UPMVM consists of two phases: 1) The primary objective of the initial phase is to consolidate all available literature of the Arud system into a unified digital platform, then develop individual and combined DFA of each identified meter for pattern recognition; 2) the second phase is about the algorithmic implementation. All these rhythmical patterns are matched with 290 Arud meters and their sub-meters developed during this study. The implementation strategy of phase 2 comprises of five essential sub-phases including tokenization, orthography, syllable identification, weight assignment, and meter detection. For evaluation of the proposed method, three different datasets are used for feature extraction, token identification and performance measurement for identification of rhythmic patterns in Urdu poetry. The UPMVM model reached to promising outcome with an average accuracy of 94%
Multi-Class Dental CBCT Segmentation in Data-Constrained Scenarios Through Transformers
Get PDFAccurate segmentation of dental structures from cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images has become an active research field due to the widespread use of this technology in clinical practice. In recent years, contributions have shifted from traditional computer vision methods to deep learning-based approaches. However, most of these works are based solely on convolutional neural networks (CNNs), whereas the image segmentation state-of-the-art is currently moving towards attention-based architectures. Furthermore, contributions on dental CBCTs predominantly present methods focused on a single object category, mainly teeth. In this article we tackle the segmentation of multiple oral structures by implementing previously unutilized query-based segmentation transformers. The proposed method achieves similar results to the stateof-the-art, especially on tooth segmentation, while employing a considerably smaller training dataset than prior contributions
Musicoterapia con niños que sufrieron violencia: estudio cualitativo en un hospital público de la ciudad de Buenos Aires
Get PDFBackground. Child sexual abuse often remains concealed within family settings, hindering timely detection and therapeutic intervention. This study examines the contribution of psychoanalytic music therapy to identifying sound-expressive indicators of abuse and supporting trauma processing in childhood. Objectives. To determine the clinical and theoretical contributions of psychoanalytic music therapy to the detection and treatment of sexual violence against children and adolescents in a public hospital. Methods. A flexible qualitative study was conducted through participant observation over ten months (October 2023–July 2024) in individual and group music-therapy programmes at a general hospital in Buenos Aires. Six cases (aged 3–13 years) were purposively selected using sequential sampling. Field-diary notes were analysed via intentional vignettes and source triangulation. Results. All six participants exhibited meaningful therapeutic changes—recovery of speech, affective containment and shared play—during the intervention. Emergent sound-expressive categories (silence, silencing and noise) operated both as trauma indicators and focal points for clinical work. Musical improvisation fostered expressiveness and symbolic elaboration of abuse. Conclusions. Psychoanalytic music therapy is a strategic tool in public-health contexts: it enhances detection of child sexual abuse through trained listening and offers transitional sonic-play spaces that foster relational repair and subjective integration. Integration into multidisciplinary teams and larger comparative studies are recommended.Introducción. La violencia sexual infantil suele permanecer silenciada dentro del ámbito familiar, lo que dificulta su detección oportuna y la intervención terapéutica. Este estudio explora el potencial de la musicoterapia psicoanalítica para detectar indicios sonoro-expresivos de abuso y acompañar el proceso de elaboración traumática en la infancia. Objetivos. Identificar los aportes clínicos y teóricos de la musicoterapia psicoanalítica en la detección y el abordaje de la violencia sexual ejercida contra niñas, niños y adolescentes atendidos en un hospital público. Método. Investigación cualitativa de diseño flexible, basada en observación participante durante diez meses (octubre 2023–julio 2024) en dispositivos individuales y grupales de musicoterapia de un hospital general de Buenos Aires. Se seleccionaron seis casos (3-13 años) mediante muestreo secuencial y criterio de pertinencia clínica. Los datos se recogieron en un diario de campo y se analizaron mediante viñetas intencionales y triangulación de fuentes. Resultados. Los seis participantes mostraron movimientos terapéuticos significativos (recuperación de la palabra, contención afectiva, juego compartido) durante el periodo de intervención. Emergieron categorías ligadas a lo sonoro-expresivo —silencio, silenciamiento y ruido— que funcionaron como indicadores de trauma y como núcleos de intervención clínica. La improvisación musical favoreció la expresividad y la elaboración simbólica del abuso. Conclusiones. La musicoterapia psicoanalítica constituye una herramienta estratégica en el ámbito hospitalario público: facilita la detección de violencia sexual infantil mediante una escucha trabajada y provee espacios sonoro-lúdicos transicionales que promueven la reparación vincular y la integración subjetiva. Se recomienda su integración en equipos multidisciplinarios y la realización de estudios comparativos con muestras mayores
Mitigando la dualidad de la discapacidad. Herramientas histórico-culturales críticas para desestabilizar paradojas de equidad
Get PDFI build the core argument of this article on the premise that disability has a dual nature: it affords protections to people with disabilities while it can also be used as an artifact of marginalization; thus, creating justice paradoxes. For instance, disability’s potential to oppress tends to target already marginalized groups, such as racialized people and students from nondominant linguistic, socioeconomic or ethnic backgrounds. Thus, a concept available to safeguard vulnerable groups (i.e., disability) can be deployed to segregate or deny educational opportunities. The purpose of this article is to offer theoretical tools to dissect disability’s potential for harm and inspire alternatives to address equity paradoxes that may emerge from this phenomenon. I focus on racial disparities in disability identification as a case in point to contextualize the presentation of theoretical tools. First, I contextualize my analysis with an overview of racial disparities in disability identification. Next, I outline three theoretical tools to advance a critical cultural-historical framework: (1) trace the fluidity of disability, (2) expose the color of knowledge and its implications, and (3) make visible the role of ideologies through a DefectCraft lens. I close with reflections for the next generation of scholarship.Desarrollo el argumento central de este artículo sobre la premisa de que la discapacidad tiene una naturaleza dual: ofrece protección a las personas con discapacidades, pero también puede utilizarse como un artefacto de marginación y, por tanto, crear paradojas de justicia. Por ejemplo, el potencial de la discapacidad para oprimir tiende a dirigirse a grupos ya marginados, como las personas racializadas y los alumnos de entornos lingüísticos, socioeconómicos o étnicos no dominantes. De este modo, un concepto disponible para proteger a grupos vulnerables (por ejemplo, la discapacidad) puede aplicarse para segregar o negar oportunidades educativas. El propósito de este artículo es ofrecer herramientas teóricas para diseccionar el potencial dañino de la discapacidad e inspirar alternativas para abordar las paradojas de equidad que pueden emerger de este fenómeno. Me centro en las disparidades raciales en la identificación de discapacidades como un ejemplo concreto para contextualizar la presentación de las herramientas teóricas. En primer lugar, contextualizo mi análisis con una descripción general de las disparidades raciales en la identificación de discapacidades. A continuación, defino tres herramientas teóricas para desarrollar un enfoque histórico-cultural crítico: (1) explorar la fluidez de la discapacidad, (2) exponer el color del conocimiento y sus implicaciones y (3) visibilizar el papel de las ideologías mediante una lente de DefectCraft. Termino con varias reflexiones para la próxima generación de investigaciones
Richard Pring (1938-2024): una filosofía de la educación realista y profunda.
No full textRichard Pring was born in Sheffield on 20 April 1938 and passed away peacefully on 6 October 2024 at his home in Oxford, surrounded by his loving family. A fellow of Green Templeton College, he was head of the Department of Education at the University of Oxford for fourteen years until his retirement in May 2003; editor of the British Journal of Educational Studies (1986-2001); doctor honoris causa from the University of Kent (1984) and from the Institute of Education at University College London (2015); and recipient of the award of distinction from the Aga Khan University, Karachi (2008). Over his long academic career, he wrote some twenty books and numerous articles; he wrote reports and gave talks and lectures to very varied social sectors in many locations; he taught; he supervised 40 doctoral theses and other research work, and he advised countless groups of students and academics from all over the world.After his retirement, he completed three important research projects: the “Nuffield review of 14-19 education and training” over six years, funded by the Nuffield Foundation; the “Evaluation of the Oxford bursary scheme”, funded by Atlantic Philanthropies; and the “Evaluation of quality assurance in 11 Arab universities”, funded by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP).Richard Pring nació en Sheffield el 20 de abril de 1938 y falleció serenamente el 6 de octubre de 2024 en su casa de Oxford, rodeado del cariño de su familia. Miembro del Green Templeton College, fue director del Departamento de Educación de la Universidad de Oxford durante catorce años hasta su jubilación en mayo de 2003; editor del British Journal of Educational Studies (1986-2001); doctor honoris causa por la Universidad de Kent (1984) y por el Instituto de Educación de la Universidad de Londres (2015); y premio de la Aga Khan University de Karachi (2008). A lo largo de su dilatada carrera académica, escribió una veintena de libros y numerosos artículos; redactó informes, pronunció ponencias y discursos ante sectores sociales y lugares geográficos muy diferentes; ejerció la docencia; supervisó 40 tesis doctorales y otros trabajos de investigación, y asesoró a muchos grupos de estudiantes y a profesores de todo el mundo. Después de jubilarse, completó tres importantes proyectos de investigación: «Nuffield review of 14-19 education and training» a lo largo de seis años, financiado por la Fundación Nuffield; «Evaluation of the Oxford bursary scheme», financiado por Atlantic Philanthropies; y «Evaluation of quality assurance in 11 Arab universities», subvencionado por el Programa de las Naciones Unidas para el Desarrollo (PNUD)
Manifestaciones de (des)igualdad y estereotipos de género en #TikTokchallenges físico-motrices: un estudio cualitativo
Get PDFTikTok’s growth as a platform with mass use among the general population and especially among young people has significantly increased the scientific-educational community’s interest in it over the last five years. One of the main factors attracting attention has been the popular #trends or #TikTokTokchallenges, which can have an impact on the transmission and perpetuation of gender stereotypes. The main objective of this work was to explore the construction of gender manifested in #TikTokchallenges using a critical approach to guide and inform possible future educational interventions. A qualitative methodology with an emergent design was used, triangulating the use of an ad hoc coeducational scale, observation through a categorical system, and content analysis of a researcher diary. The sample comprised 86 videos with physical-motor content. The results obtained did not show a high gender inequality index in the sample analysed. However, the largest percentage of videos analysed did not show stereotype-free and gender-equal content. The elements that were identified as transmitting gender (in)equality in #trends included the shot type, interactions between participants, the music used, the hashtags used, the type of skill or physical ability shown in the challenge, and the body image presented. The information obtained highlights the importance of reviewing and addressing the physical-motor content of these TikTok challenges in educational contexts. The impact that consuming and/or producing this type of content can have on the young population and the design of educational and critical interventions to promote gender equality, including social networks, are discussed.El crecimiento de TikTok como una plataforma de uso masivo entre la población en general y en especial entre el sector más joven impulsó de manera significativa el interés de la comunidad científico-educativa durante el último lustro. Uno de los principales factores de atención fueron sus populares #trends o #TikTokchallenges, que pueden impactar en la transmisión y perpetuación de estereotipos de género. El objetivo principal de este trabajo fue profundizar en la construcción de género manifiesta en los #TikTokchallenges con un enfoque crítico que oriente y fundamente posibles futuras intervenciones educativas. Se aplicó una metodología cualitativa con un diseño emergente, en la cual se trianguló la aplicación de una escala coeducativa construida ad hoc, la observación mediante un sistema categorial y un análisis de contenido sobre un diario de los investigadores. La muestra fue de 86 vídeos con contenido físico-motriz. Los resultados obtenidos no revelaron un índice de desigualdad de género alto en la muestra analizada. Sin embargo, el mayor porcentaje de los vídeos analizados no mostraron un contenido libre de estereotipos y en igualdad de género. Entre los elementos identificados como transmisores de (des)igualdad de género en los #trends se incluyeron el plano de grabación, las interacciones entre las personas participantes, la música utilizada, los hashtags empleados, el tipo de habilidad o capacidad física manifestada en el reto y la imagen corporal presentada. La información obtenida manifiesta la importancia de revisar y tratar el contenido físico-motor de estos retos de TikTok en contextos educativos. Se debate el impacto que pueden tener el consumo o la producción de este tipo de contenidos en la población joven y la necesidad de diseñar intervenciones educativas y críticas hacia la igualdad de género que incluyan las redes sociales
Editor’s Note
Get PDFThe International Journal of Interactive Multimedia and Artificial Intelligence (IJIMAI) publishes articles discussing the latest current topics in the research literature. The emergence of ChatGPT and other similar models based on deep learning are dramatically changing the way people understand and use artificial intelligence. Despite the significant advances made in these types of techniques, which have been enormous in recent years, new learning methods are still needed. Specifically, we require methods that allow us to handle data correctly in specific environments, as well as provide learning methods with the necessary explainability that allows us to understand how they are reasoning. The latter is essential for creating ethical learning methods that do not make unfair decisions based on biased information. It is also important to identify data that have, in some way, reflected the reprehensible attitudes and reasoning that we as fallible human beings sometimes have. In short, artificial intelligence should reflect, if possible, the best of us rather than the worst. With this goal in mind, it is common to see in this issue of the journal an abundance of articles proposing new learning methods, many of which are based on Deep Learning and Data Mining. There are also articles on large language models, which are extremely important in the current artificial intelligence landscape. Of course, there are also articles on optimization methods and quantum computers, which are also of great importance in the field of artificial intelligence. Although generative artificial intelligence models are perhaps the ones that have people most intrigued, this is not the only current application of artificial intelligence. We are seeing how renewable energies, in particular those that come from the sun and wind, are playing an increasingly important role in global energy generation. As seen in recent events, such as the general blackout in Spain, the electricity system needs new methods that allow adequate regulation to prevent all kinds of possible failures. In this issue, two articles present new applications of artificial intelligence methods to renewable energy generation systems. Also noteworthy within this issue is the application of artificial intelligence in the field of teaching, where the aim is to provide a better learning experience for students and teachers
Editor’s Note.
Get PDFThe International Journal of Interactive Multimedia and Artificial Intelligence (IJIMAI) is a diamond open access journal which provides an interdisciplinary forum in which scientists and professionals can share their research results and report new advances on artificial intelligence tools, theory, methodologies, systems, architectures integrating multiple technologies, problems including demonstrations of effectiveness, or tools that use AI with interactive multimedia techniques. The journal is supported by Universidad Internacional de La Rioja (UNIR) and by all those members of this multicultural community who, with a sense of commitment to the development of science, dedicate their knowledge and time to authoring, editing and reviewing tasks, and without whom this knowledge sharing project would not be possible. This regular issue begins with a series of five articles covering key advancements in the area of computing vision. In the following article, we move from the area of computer vision to another fast developing area, which is natural language processing (NLP). The following articles correspond to a monograph section on the Effects of Culture on Open Science and Artificial Intelligence in Education, compiled and edited by Tlili, Burgos and Kinshuk