PUP Research Journals (Polytechnic University of the Philippines)
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My Fifty Shades of Grey: The Ambivalenceof Sexism in E.L. James Erotica
Full text linkThis paper focuses on the manifestation of two forms of sexism in the popular novel of E.L. James. By making use of content analysis, a method used to obtain the objective, systematic, and content manifest of communication, this research seeks to find a weave of similar patterns present in the literary work. The representation of patriarchy, sexism, and gender stereotypes through the characters, plot, setting, theme, and literary symbols employed in the story were used as coding categories in the novel. The author made use of Glick and Fiske’s concept of hostile and benevolent sexism to create a distinction between two forms of sexism that were present in two literary works. The former is the most common and antagonistic way of discriminating and dominating women, while the other can elicit positive responses and is usually attributed to a display of good character like chivalry. Through this distinction, the study explores how this popular literature continues to propagate gender stereotypes. It examines how different media such as film, television, and popular literature, in particular, continue to serve as powerful platforms of ideology/models on how women willcome to define themselves in relation to the “other.
Empowered Mother, Healthy Child: The Role of Women Economic Empowerment in the Achievement of Better Child Health Outcomes in the Philippines
Full text linkThis study contributes to the emerging literature that supports the link between women’s economic empowerment and better child health outcomes. Utilizing secondary data from the 2017 Philippine National Demographic and Health Survey, the status of women empowerment as represented by women’s education, employment, and intrahousehold bargaining power and the status of child health outcomes in terms of antenatal care, childhood immunization, and under-5 mortality were analyzed in this research. The findings can be connected with the current health crisis being experienced in the Philippines. The recent Pertussis outbreak showed that there is a need for urgent action to improve the health service delivery and utilization in the country, especially in the area of childhood immunization. This is consistent with the findings of this study which showed that out of the three child health outcomes considered, only childhood immunization showed unfavorable results with only 26.30% of the children considered as fully immunized. One possible channel through which child health outcomes could be improved is through women’s economic empowerment. In the Philippines, the performance of the country in the areas of education and intrahousehold bargaining power yielded favorable results. Among the women interviewed, 1.65% and 2.6% have no formal education and have low empowerment, respectively. Improvements in these areas, however, should be translated to better access to economic opportunities and improved participation of women in the labor force as this highlights and recognizes the need to optimally develop and utilize women’s productive capacities
Relationship Between the Youth’s Perspectives on Suicide and Their Suicide-Related Experiences
Full text linkThis study sought to determine if there is a relationship between the suicide experiences of the youth (no prior suicide experience, experience of suicide ideation but not attempts, and experience of suicide attempts) and their perspectives on suicide. Undergraduate university students (n=308) were engaged as participants in the study. Data were obtained through a survey questionnaire and were analyzed through correlational tests. Findings showed a very salient divide in the perspectives about suicide between those with no prior suicide experience and those with experience of suicide attempts. The former tend to have very conservative views on suicide to the point that they prefer not to talk about the topic and downplay the prevalence of the phenomenon but nonetheless believe that it is a human duty to stop someone from committing suicide. The latter tend to have very liberal views that lean towards the acceptance of suicide and assisted suicide. These two groups and their diverging views present two possibilities that Philippine society may take. On one hand, suicide maybe downplayed as an issue but may nonetheless have the people with the right conviction necessary for suicide prevention. On the other hand, suicide and assisted suicide may be more accepted in Philippine society such that socio-cultural, legal, and medical impediments to the act may be relaxed. The direction of suicide-related responses, including legislation and regulation/prevention, that Philippine society will eventually take may be dependent on how prevalent suicide attempts will be in the succeeding years
Novels of the 20 th Century Analyzed Basedon Marilyn Frye’s Oppression
Full text linkNovels have been considered mirrors of social realities. In Soledad S. Reyes’ work Values of Love and Marriage in the Tagalog Novels (1980), with the help of 25 novels, Reyes reveals the Filipino concept of love and marriage and how such concepts are influenced by parents, society, and family members to adhere to the idealized love and marriage. Taking Reyes’ work as true, this paper will look into Reyes’ work and her conclusion that the concept of love and marriage are networks that oppress women based on Marilyn Frye’s Oppression (2000). Hence, this paper will conclude that despite Reyes’ work being only one, the novels she has analyzed are numerous, and these novels have different themes which when related to each other will reveal a network that oppresses women to adhere to the idea of women during those times
Camarine: A Fish species recognition system through You Only Look One
Full text linkData collection for marine sciences has always been arduous, mainly because of cost. The higher the cost is, the slower the growth of knowledge. To ease that cost, Camarine was built. An application for fish species recognition, Camarine used the algorithm You Only Look Once (YOLO) to seep through convolutional layers to detect and identify fish species. Twelve species of fish were categorized according to likeness and lack thereof. Over 4800 images were augmented to sport better results for the trained model. For testing, around 600 images were collected in various locations, including experiments done in a controlled environment. Results in detection showed an average of 88.63%, while the results in identification showed an average of 88.10%. For fishes of different appearances but the same species, the recorded accuracy was 92.66%. And for fishes of similar appearance but different species, the recorded accuracy was 86.60%. And finally, for general identification, 90.83% was the recorded accuracy. This all cumulates to the said 88.10% identification accuracy. Indeed, YOLO works well with identification, but this remains untested against turbid underwater images
A reign of fear and anxiety”: Martial law’s roots in colonialism
Full text linkWhat is before and beyond our commonplace understanding of martial law as Marcos Martial Law? The Official Gazette traces its beginnings in 1969 when Marcos Sr. boasted that martial law was a matter of when and where. But in a 1973 address, he credited the Americans for having made clear in the fundamental law the power of the chief executive to declare martial law. Marcos Sr.’s claims were self-serving, but he was correct in emphasizing martial law’s roots in colonialism. Martial law is an English and American colonial tradition and legal conundrum. It is foremost an instrument for empire and the subjugation of peoples in colonized territories. But it also raises questions and provokes disputes on its ambiguous but important standing within Anglo-American law. This essay examines this lineage by first exploring immediate questions: Is martial law law? Was its proclamation in 1972 legal as Marcos Sr. claimed? How can we make sense of his assertion that martial law was democratic self-defense? However, these questions transition into more fundamental ones: What was martial law’s role in colonialism? What were its specific practices? Is there a logic that governs these practices? This essay undertakes three things: First, it demonstrates connections between the terms that define martial law: exception/emergency, doubled rule of law, arbitrary power, and violence/terror. Second, it illustrates the continuities in the logic and repertoire of martial law whether deployed within the colonial and post-colonial. Third, it shows that martial law is not just Marcos Sr.’s but also Arroyo’s and Duterte’s, also Anglo-American and European colonialisms’—stained with an inequitable history, a depraved logic, and a repertoire of brutality
Naratibo sa Pagtitiklad: Paglikha at Paglalarawan sa Pagkakakilanlang Calabangueño (Nipa Shingling Narratives: Creating and Describing the Calabangueño Identity)
Full text linkThis study focuses on the description and narration of the cultural attributes inherent in a community, aiming to provide new insights to enhance understanding and identification of ethnographic issues and occupational language varieties, particularly in the municipality of Calabanga, Camarines Sur, through day-to-day pagtitiklad activities. The culture encompasses the customary practices, behaviors, and beliefs shared by a collective group. Pagtitiklad is considered one of the local and livelihood activities in the barangays near the swamplands such as Balatasan, Balongay, Dominorog, and San Bernardino.This study employed ethnography and fieldwork,supplemented by the promotion of a Filipino research approach, such as immersion, probing questions, conversational interviews, guided discussions, and participant observation, as specific and specialized methods for data collection. It involved a total of eight respondents aged 20 years and above, who had experience in pagtitiklad, and they underwent a series of interviews and focused group discussions (FGD). This study discovered various narratives in pagtitiklad, including unique experiences and pagtitiklad as a shared cultural practice among four selected barangays. It also recorded 22 exclusive terms related to pagtitiklad as part of the occupational language variety. Furthermore, it obtained themes and insights regarding the Calabangueño identity and their culture. The study also revealed that pagtitiklad puts a significant impact on the culture of Calabanga, especially considering the lack of distinct identity among the fishermen in the municipality. It demonstrated the distinction of pagtitiklad from other occupations by highlighting its significance and showcasing real-life examples of effort and success. In general, the researcher aims to propose the exploration of hidden narratives in cultural research within the revolving areas of each community. Additionally, they suggest the implementation of a “Tiklad Festival” as a celebration to promote the preservation of traditions, not only as a livelihood but also as a shared culture from the past to the present
The Leaning Tower of PISA: A Critique to the Institutionalized Concept of Assessment
Full text linkThis paper conducts a comprehensive critique of the educational system in the Philippines, with a specific focus on its performance in the 2018 Program for International Student Assessment (PISA). The study endeavors to unveil the underlying causes that have led to the persistent challenges facing Philippine education, which have remained unresolved over the years and have significantly influenced the outcomes of the 2018 PISA. Furthermore, this research delves into the institutionalized framework of assessment within the Philippine education system, highlighting its inherent issues and drawbacks. Comparative analysis is also conducted to shed light on how other nations have successfully improved their international rankings in education. In summary, this study offers a thorough examination of the Philippine educational landscape, emphasizing its connection to the 2018 PISA results, while also exploring potential avenues for reform based on successful strategies adopted by other countries
PARA KAY NAJWA
Full text linkKabilang ito sa higit dalawang daang maiiksing akda sa “Mahal Kong Sol”, isang serye ng tila talaarawan at liham para kay ‘Sol,’ isang inilarawang personipikasyon ng 254-taon na kastilyo ng Akademie Schloss Solitude— ang international fellowship sa Stuttgart kung saan naging artist-in- residence ako noong Abril 2023 hanggang Enero 2024. Ang mga liham na ito ay maaaring isang pahayag tungkol sa pag-iisa at pagiging diaspora, at bilang pakikiisa sa Palestina, at sa mga dahilan kung bakit ko piniling magsulat. Inihahandog ko rin ito sa naging kaibigan kong Palestinang makata at aktibista na si Najwa Juma na kasalukuyang refugee sa Alemanya