PUP Research Journals (Polytechnic University of the Philippines)
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Utilization of Selected Urban Wastes as Substrate Solutions in the Growth and Yield Performance of Pleurotus sajor-caju (fr.) Singer (gray oyster mushroom)
Get PDFMushrooms are being cultivated worldwide for its nutritional and medicinal value. Agricultural wastes rich in lignocellulosic substances are commonly used as substrates for mushroom cultivation. Moreover, selected urban wastes that contain lignocellulosic substances are also potential substrates which when utilized can help lessen wastes in the environment. This study tested the possible utilization of selected urban wastes as solution substrates for the growth and yield performance of Pleurotus sajor-caju (Fr.) Singer. Four different urban waste substrates (banana peels, newspaper, cotton textile scraps and mixture of leaf litters) and their combinations were used in the study with sawdust which served as the control. Percentage of mycelial growth, colonization period, primordial formation, harvesting time, number of fruiting bodies, cap diameter, stalk length, total yield and size of the mushroom and biological efficiency of the substrates used were assessed to determine the effects on growth and yield. Results revealed that the substrate with 50% newspaper + 50% sawdust showed rapid colonization, fast primordial formation and earliest harvest day and obtained the highest yield of mushroom and biological efficiency. Mushrooms did not proliferate mostly in the substrates with the combinations of leaf litter, however, 25% leaf litter + 75% sawdust produced less yield of mushrooms. The least yield of mushrooms was from the substrate with 100% cotton textile scraps. Other combinations used in the study are effective substrates in cultivating P. sajor-caju, but have different average number and yield of mushrooms produced. The study demonstrated that faster mycelial growth is consistent with better yield of the mushroom and highest biological efficiency of the substrate
Mabini’s Political Deism: A Glimpse of His True Decalogue
Get PDFThe following essay is an attempt to review, albeit, briefly, one of the founding documents of the Philippine revolution, Apolinario Mabini’s True Decalogue. Though not exhaustive and carries no pretension of historical proficiency, the essay rather seeks to situate the document within its internal hermeneutic structure, no doubt shaped in the background by the immediate demands of the revolution, as did the intellectual and political currents from out of Europe that reached the archipelago via commercial and trade routes in the early 18th century. Mabini later lamented the fall of the revolution which in many ways was anticipated by the open and subtle warnings of the True Decalogue in the face of circumstances as well as internal conflicts, betrayal and corruption that haunted its leadership and demoralized its many unsung heroes.In light of this unfinished revolution, the True Decalogue continues to appeal to our time. The following essay is an attempt to review, albeit, briefly, one of the founding documents of the Philippine revolution, Apolinario Mabini’s True Decalogue. Though not exhaustive and carries no pretension of historical proficiency, the essay rather seeks to situate the document within its internal hermeneutic structure, no doubt shaped in the background by the immediate demands of the revolution, as did the intellectual and political currents from out of Europe that reached the archipelago via commercial and trade routes in the early 18th century. Mabini later lamented the fall of the revolution which in many ways was anticipated by the open and subtle warnings of the True Decalogue in the face of circumstances as well as internal conflicts, betrayal and corruption that haunted its leadership and demoralized its many unsung heroes.In light of this unfinished revolution, the True Decalogue continues to appeal to our time.
Lung Disease Identification and Classification Through Neural Networks
Get PDFPublic hospitals lack attending doctors who can interpret X-ray films thus, making patients wait for long hours just to get the test results. This study uses Neural Networks in identifying and classifying lung diseases based on X-ray image samples. The network can make the process of recognizing the disease faster, and doctors can just verify the result that the system has given. The chest X-ray samples were gathered from different hospitals around Metro Manila. These image samples were resized and had undergone image processing. Ten distinct points were acquired from each image using the Principal Component Analysis. All the points obtained from the images were placed in a single mat file. This mat file acts as the input data for the training of the Neural Network in the MatLab software. There are two hidden layers and has 10 neurons for each. The network type used is Feed-forward, Levenberg-Marquardt back-propagation with trainlm as the training function. The adaption learning function and performance function used are learngdm and Mean Square Error (MSE), respectively. The Neural Network training state, performance and regression were shown. From the total of 206 inputs, 186 of those were correctly classified according to their disease. The Pleural Effusion has the highest accuracy with 94.87% and the Normal has the lowest with 79.31%
Kontra-Modernidad: Ilang Mungkahi sa Pagbabagong Radikal ng Lipunan
No full textSalungat at tahasang lihis sa Kanluraning tipo ng modernidad, ang alternatibong uri ng pakamakabago sa Pilipinas ay natatangi. Dahilan nito ang kolonyal/neokolonyal na estruktura ng pormasyong sosyal. Kasanib ng ating pakikibaka para sa pambansang demokrasya at kasarinlan ang pagka-modernidad ng bansa. Isang hibla ng kontemporaryong daloy ay nagbubuhat sa siglang popular-nasyonal na masisipat sa panitikang bernakular. Sa tatlong dekada ng siglong nakaraan, maibabalangkas ang trajektori ng imahinasyong makabansa’t makamasa, mula sa obra nina Jose Corazon de Jesus, Benigno Ramos, Amado Hernandez at Carlos Bulosan. Sa diyalektikong ugnayan ng pesanteng radikalismong naghahangad ng mala-utopikong lipunan at realismo ng proletaryong diwa, bumubukadkad ang isang demokratikong kulturang mababansagang kontra-modernidad. Tinutuhog nito ang sakripisyo ng mga bayani ng rebolusyon laban sa kolonyalismong Espanyol at ang pagsisikap ng mga intelektuwal ng unang hati ng ika-19 dantaon na itakwil ang komoditi-petisismo ng kapitalistang pamumuhay na ipinataw ng Estados Unidos. Layunin ng kontra-modernidad ang magtaguyod ng isang rebolusyong magbabago sa imperyalistang orden at magpapalaganap ng makataong katarungan, pagkakapantay-pantay, at kasaganaan para sa lahat
Balanseng Paggugrupo ng Trabaho: Ang Bisyon ng Parecon ni Michael Albert
No full textThis paper is a presentation of North American writer and activist Michael Albert’s vision of participatory economics, or parecon. On a first reading Albert’s ideas seems to be unrelated to the issues faced by Filipino workers. But, a closer reading reveals that Albert’s concept of “balanced job complexes” may be connected with the crises faced by our nation. The paper uses Cristina Guevarra’s “Visiting Ericson” and Chuckberry Pascual’s “Cars at the Airport,” to further buttress the assertion that Albert’s ideas are appropriate responses to our current politico-economic order. At the conclusion, two more short stories by Filipino writers, belonging to the genre of future fiction, are elaborated on as prognoses of this same politico economic order. The paper argues that because capitalism cannot just be put up with or reformed, we must begin the theoretical labor of imaging its replacement
Historical and Cultural Foundations of Philippines-China Relations
Get PDFThis paper explores the theme suggested by the conference convenors – “The Cultural Diplomacy between the Philippines and China” by highlighting lesser known vignettes and stories in the rich cultural legacy that has been imprinted indelibly on the tapestry of Philippine national culture. The paper emphasizes that this rich cultural heritage that has been implanted long before the Europeans and Americans came to the Philippines forms the building blocks and solid foundations of the relationship between China and the Philippines.
Pangangapital sa Wika sa Espasyo ng Kolonyal na Moda ng Produksyon sa Pilipinas
No full textThis paper focuses on the analysis of the significant role of language in the spaces of mode of production in the country through its contextualization in colonial history from the feudal system to capitalism. Likewise using notes on the growth and spread of neoliberalism as a mechanism of economic control, primarily of powerful countries, issues on policies on language dispensed by the state to its system of education are scrutinized. In this age of globalization where effects of neoliberalism especially on systems of education continue to intensify, this paper contemplates on language as a form of capital to respond to the labor market controlled by global capitalism.
Influence of Yeast, Chicken Manure and Daily Feeding of Chlorella ellipsoidea in the Population Growth of Moina micrura
Get PDFThe total number of broods produced, daily fecundity and the size-class distributions of Moina micrura were determined in a four-day culture experiment to evaluate the effectiveness of rearing M. micrura in six culture methods. This study shows that addition of yeast, chicken manure and daily feeding of Chlorella ellipsoidea are the effective protocols in culturing M. micrura, which produced a significantly higher number of individuals (708 ± 66 individuals) compared with no yeast, no chicken manure and non-daily feeding of C. ellipsoidea. Higher production of M. micrura in chicken manure could be attributed to bacteria proliferation, which serves as additional food for the zooplankters, as well as to the products synthesized by bacteria to enhance growth. Daily feeding of C. ellipsoidea also contributed to high brood production of M. micrura, which may be attributed to the presence of certain nutrients necessary for growth and development of cladocerans. The proportion of neonates, juveniles and adults did not differ significantly among treatments but the lengths of developmental stages were significantly different among the treatments. Knowing the size-class distribution of M. micrura is important since this would allow determination of appropriate feed for fish with various gape sizes
Storage Stability And Quality Evaluation Of Coconut Water–Fruit Juice Blends
Get PDFThe development of an acceptable juice blend with mature coconut water as a full water substitute into a ready-to-drink beverage was investigated in this study. Mature coconut water was mixed with fruit juices of pineapple, orange and soursop (guyabano), separately and at varying ratios, to come up with a juice blend.
Acceptability was determined through sensory evaluation. The best formulation of each juice blend were found to be as follows: Coconut water-Orange Blend 30:70 ratio; Coconut water-Pineapple Blend 40:60 ratio; and Coconut water-Soursop Blend 60:40 ratio.
Storage stability was conducted on the most acceptable formulation from each fruit juice blend. Stored for 7 weeks at 4-5oC, the product samples yielded a decrease in Vitamin C content, more prominently in soursop blend. Physicochemical changes during storage did not affect product acceptance; the samples were still acceptable after the storage period. Microbial activity remained below limits hence thermal processing and level of acidity were found adequate. The proximate composition was comparative with recent studies.
Perspectives of Filipino Youth on Poverty
Get PDFThe study sought a descriptive understanding of the perspective of Filipino youth on the issue of poverty in terms of the weight of the issue, causes of poverty, ways to reduce poverty and consideration if they are living in poverty. The study used a quantitative research approach to learn about the issue of poverty, its causes, and ways to reduce it from the perspective of Filipino youth. Primary data was collected through the use of self administered survey of 401 Filipino youth, comprised of college level students. Moreover, descriptive method was utilized in the research design of the study to give a quantitative description of the general perspective of the Filipino Youth on poverty. The Filipino Youth viewed poverty as a serious social issue and believed that this is caused by the top ten causes of poverty in the Philippines. Also, these causes are not independent of each other because several items in the ranking can be linked to one another just like corruption and poor governance, low-wage rates and poor quality of education, and poor welfare system and rapid population growth to name a few. Filipino Youth are well aware of the current events most especially what is happening in their government which are somehow related or resulted to other causes of poverty. With everyday challenges the youth faces from doing schoolwork and participating in recreational activities to making significant plans for the future, it is important to note that, even though most of the respondents came from the lower social classes or the proletariat class of the society, they do not consider themselves poor or living in poverty. The respondents strongly suggest that to reduce poverty there should be free quality education for all, more job opportunities and stop in corruption in government, among others