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Julian Barnes’s The Only Story – Within and Beyond the Author’s Idiosyncrasies
No full textAlthough Julian Barnes’s fiction is diverse in its generic, stylistic and narrative metamorphoses, in terms of its subject matter it has always been preoccupied with the theme of memory, with searching for the truth of what, how and why events happened in the past. The device of an ageing person recalling his younger years or attempting to reveal the secret of another’s past can be traced throughout Barnes’s career, but it has become especially prominent in his later works, which tend to be more grim and rueful. Their narrators are almost obsessed with the meaning of their existence as they contemplate its approaching end and mortality in general. The Only Story (2018) follows this course as it is told from the perspective of a retired man retelling the story of his youthful love affair and its consequences for his subsequent life. This paper discusses how the novel thematically and stylistically follows up on his 2011 Booker Prize winner The Sense of an Ending, but also how it offers a distinct narrative which, while responding to the previous works, still comes up with an original and invigorating variant of the novel of recollection Barnes has successfully exploited before
The Language of Images in Technologically Modified Environments
No full textEach technology amplifies human functions, with photographs and videos enhancing vision and memory. The appeal of photography results from the fact that the stationary single eye is technologically extended. The technology of photography exceeds the limits of the eye, as the camera is a total stationary light catcher without the blurred edges of human vision. Photographs are “magical” and appealing because they suddenly offer an improved eye, another more powerful and extended recorder of visual events for eternity outside our memory. Recorded events are felt to have more reality than the original, while a photograph as an experience translated into a new medium “bestows a delightful playback of earlier awareness.”1 These are therefore ideal means of communication for the platforms of the digital environment of social media and esports. The rapid development of digital photography has had the effect of returning the user to the content of historical technologies, with video clips flipping back to mediaeval performances, social media communicating with images and symbols of the non-literacy environment of the Middle Ages, and 3D imaging flipping back to sculpting. Non-print perceptual learning is becoming more prevalent, with literate cultures rendered obsolete by the inclusive and instantaneous digital environment
Safety Against Derailment – Freight Vehicles Equipped with 2-Axle Bogies – Comparison of the Methods Defined in EN 14363
No full textProkazování bezpečnosti kolejových vozidel proti vykolejení se provádí podle normy EN 14363. V normě jsou definovány tři možné metody. Zkušební laboratoř VÚKV provádí zkoušky bezpečnosti proti vykolejení dle metody 2 a 3. Pro tyto zkoušky jsou ve VÚKV vyvíjeny a zdokonalovány prostředky – měřicí vybavení a zkušební stav. V letech 2015–2018 byl realizován projekt zaměřený na problematiku bezpečnosti proti vykolejení nákladních vozů s cílem vyvinout mobilní zkušební stav druhé generace.Proof of safety of rolling stock against derailment is performed according to the standard EN 14363. There are three possible methods described in the standard. The Test Centre of VÚKV performs the tests according to the methods 2 and 3. For these tests, VÚKV has been continuously improving measuring equipment and a test rig. In the years 2015–2018, a project focused on the safety against derailment of freight cars was realized with the aim to develop and build a test rig of the second generation
Functional Safety Problematics of Vehicles in Relation to the Safety Related Requirements of the Safety Integrity Level
No full textPříspěvek se zabývá aktuálními aspekty významné části oblasti spolehlivosti, a to problematikou funkční bezpečnosti kolejových vozidel v návaznosti na požadavky na bezpečnost a hardwarovou architekturu systému. Tato oblast je pochopitelně řízena řadounorem, v této oblasti a aplikační rovině však především o mateřské normě EN 61508 a EN 50129. V příspěvku jsou představeny zásadní kroky související se schvalováním vozidel a jejich komponent z pohledu funkční bezpečnosti. Dále je ukázána práce s architekturami hardwaru v návaznosti na bezpečnostní požadavky úrovně integrity bezpečnosti SIL.The article deals with current aspects of a significant part of the field of reliability, namely the issue of functional safety of railway vehicles in relation to the safety related requirements and system hardware architecture. This area is of course governed by a number of standards, but in this area and the application level, especially the standards EN 61508 and EN 50129. The fundamental steps related to the approval of vehicles and their components in terms of functional safety in this article have been described. Furthermore, the work with hardware architectures in connection to the safety related requirements of the safety integrity level SIL has been shown
Research to Increase Partner Protection of Tram Vehicles in the Event of an Accident with Cars
No full textZe společenského hlediska rostou požadavky na zvýšení bezpečnosti provozu a snížení následků nehod tramvají s osobními automobily. Výzkum zvýšení bezpečnosti tramvají, který je realizovaný na Fakultně strojní ČVUT v Praze, má za cíl zvýšit aktivní a pasivní bezpečnost tramvají. Prvky a systémy aktivní bezpečnosti mají za úkol snižovat riziko vzniku nehody a systémy pasivní bezpečnosti mají za úkol minimalizovat následky nehod. Jeden z prvků pasivní bezpečnosti je tzv. partnerská ochrana (kompatibilita vozidel při nehodě), která značí přístup, kdy je snaha ochránit jak cestující uvnitř vozidla, tak i vně. Článek popisuje závěry z provedených dílčích prací výzkumu na zvýšení partnerské ochrany tramvají při nehodě s osobními automobily.From a social point of view, there is a growing demand to increase traffic safety and reduce the consequences of tram and cars accidents. The research to increase the safety of trams, which is carried out at the Czech Technical University in Prague, aims to increase the active and passive safety of trams. Components and systems of active safety are design to reduce the risk of an accident. Components and systems of passive safety are design to minimize the consequences of accidents. One of the elements of passive safety is the partner protection (vehicle compatibility in the accident), which means an approach where the effort is to protect passengers inside and outside the vehicle. The article describes the conclusions from the partial research work on increasing the partner protection of trams in the event of an accident with cars
Use of Acoustic Camera in Rolling Stock Noise Analysis
No full textParametre hluku koľajových vozidiel sa jednoznačne podieľajú na ich kvalite a sú osobitne sledované na základe neustále sa sprísňujúcich limitov TSI alebo environmentálnych predpisov všeobecne. Fundamentom pre možnosti znižovania hluku vozidiel je podrobná analýza zdrojov a ciest šírenia hluku. Príspevok prezentuje cenné výsledky a nové poznatky z akustických experimentov pri prevádzke vlakov na ŽSR s využitím akustickej kamery.The noise parameters of railway vehicles clearly contribute to their quality and are specifically monitored in accordance with the ever-tightening limits of TSIs or environmental regulation in general. The basis for the possibilities of reducing vehicle noise is a detailed analysis of noise sources and paths. The paper presents valuable results and new findings from acoustic experiments from the operation of trains at ŽSR using an acoustic camera
Doors Half-Open in Bluebeard’s Castle: George Steiner and His Heretical Essays in Modern Times
No full textGeorge Steiner was a French-American polymath and polyglot. Along with Umberto Eco, Steiner has been ranked among the very last European metaphysicians as well as a leading cultural critic of the 20th century. Although an erudite scholar writing extensively in four languages about the most pressing issues of late modernity, Steiner has never been very popular among the general public. While his original essays won critical acclaim, by intellectuals he has also been rebuked for his ill-judged, doom-laden and reactionary elitist visions. The following paper deals with Steiner’s most thought-provoking, “heretical” texts on the nature of modern barbarism and the basic inhumanity at the heart of the humanities. The aim is to suggest possible reasons for Steiner’s “persona non grata” status
“The world is in Amsterdam”: Amsterdam, the Netherlands, and the Dutch in Guinevere Glasfurd’s The Words in My Hand
No full textThe article presents an imagological study of the recent historical novel The Words in My Hand (2016) by British author Guinevere Glasfurd with the focus on how the Dutch and the 17th century Netherlands are portrayed in the novel, especially regarding the use of stereotypes. After offering an introduction into how the Dutch were perceived by the English in the 17th century, the article goes on to argue that Glasfurd makes use of both historical and contemporary stereotypes in order to highlight the personal traits of the characters and create sympathies and antipathies in the reader. To do so, she not only employs stereotypes about the Dutch and their country, but frequently uses France as its superior counterpart. Thusly, she contributes to a larger discourse of literature which relies on the use of national stereotypes and perceives the nation and national character as perceptible actuality rather than a changing social concept
Noble Fideicommissum in the 19th Century Bohemia (on the Example of the Counts of Althann)
No full textThe noble fideicommissum was a legal instrument used to preserve family property. Concerning the legal environment of the Habsburg monarchy, it appeared in the second half of the 17th century and was only abolished in 1924. Over that time, legal and economic circumstances changed, and in the 19th century, there was no unanimous view on the usefulness of such a restriction. Nevertheless, the new fideicommissa occasionally emerged. On the other hand, some of those that had existed from the beginning faced growing economic problems and ceased to fulfil their original function as a property reserve for a particular family. In the 19th century, also the Althann fideicommissum in Bohemia found itself in the same situation.The noble fideicommissum was a legal instrument used to preserve family property. Concerning the legal environment of the Habsburg monarchy, it appeared in the second half of the 17th century and was only abolished in 1924. Over that time, legal and economic circumstances changed, and in the 19th century, there was no unanimous view on the usefulness of such a restriction. Nevertheless, the new fideicommissa occasionally emerged. On the other hand, some of those that had existed from the beginning faced growing economic problems and ceased to fulfil their original function as a property reserve for a particular family. In the 19th century, also the Althann fideicommissum in Bohemia found itself in the same situation
WAYS OF IMPROOVING CAR SAFETY IN THE EU TROUGH REGULATION
No full textRoad safety in the EU has improved significantly over the past decades, thanks to effective action taken at EU and national level to address road user behaviour, vehicles and infrastructure. As a result the EU roads are the safest world-wide. This increased safety can, to a large extent, be attributed to legislative requirements on safety of vehicles that have been introduced to road safety. The EU has, in the past, introduced mandatory fitting of electronic stability control systems on all vehicles and advanced emergency braking systems and lane departure warning systems on trucks and buses, which contribute to the reduction of fatal casualties in traffic by an estimated 5,000 a year. The full potential of these and further active safety technologies can only become reality with large-scale deployment in vehicles on EU roads. The aim of this paper provides a comprehensive overview and proposes a way forward as regards improved vehicle safety for the benefit of all road users, that is to say, all citizens of the European Union
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