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Božena Vavrečková (Havlová): Biographical Reflections on Her Early Life (1913–1936)
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This study explores the first twenty-three years of the life of Božena Vavrečková (later Havlová). She was the daughter of the diplomat and Baťa company director Hugo Vavrečka and later became the wife of the prominent Prague entrepreneur Václav M. Havel. Although her later life has been noted, it was mostly in relation to her sons or husband. The early period of her life has not been sufficiently examined. This study focuses on these formative years. It reconstructs her life from early childhood and adolescence, through to her marriage and the birth of her first son, Václav Havel – with this event, a new era in her life begins. The research pays particular attention to the social, cultural, and familial environments that influenced Božena’s life, her education, and her worldview. It examines her upbringing in an intellectually and socially privileged family, as well as her several changes of residence. It also highlights the emergence of her interests and inclinations. The study draws on a broad range of sources, including archival records, personal correspondence, official documents, and contemporary periodicals. This combination of materials allows for a nuanced reconstruction of Božena’s early life. The study aims to shed light on what her early life looked like, how it was shaped by her surroundings, and how it contrasts with idealised later portrayals
Tomáš JELÍNEK, Počátky skautingu v českých zemích, Praha, Karolinum 2025, 329 s. ISBN 978-80-246-5754-7.
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Jaroslav MILLER, Czechoslovakia Exiled: František Váňa and Hlas Domova, Praha, Nakladatelství Lidové noviny 2021, 165 s. ISBN 978-80-7422-818-6.
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From “Water Liars” to Yonder Stands Your Orphan: Pastimes, Sports, and Games Inside/Outside the Frame of Barry Hannah’s Eagle Lake Stories
No full textFor most of his career, Mississippi author Barry Hannah was deemed the postmodern heir to William Faulkner and is best known for the short fiction in his landmark collection Airships (1978), which begins with the muchanthologized story “Water Liars.” Like many of the meta-fictionalist masters of the 1970s (Barth, Coover, etc.), Hannah stepped inside/outside the frame of his fictions, often in his case by using highly elevated language, and syntax to depict a rogue’s gallery of down-and-out characters, as well as the construction of numerous autobiographical personas, which wink and wave to his initiated readers. Thus, Hannah’s fiction is not only funny, it is playful, as if to invite the reader into some fictional game. As Hannah’s career developed, this sense of gamesmanship only seemed to increase as the characters and settings of many fictions began to reappear or return for cameo appearances. The characters first introduced in “Water Liars” reappear intermittently throughout Hannah’s thirty-year career and populate the community we come to know as Eagle Lake, the setting for Hannah’s final novel Yonder Stands Your Orphan (2001). While other critics have examined Hannah’s passions for tennis and golf as having thematic significance, this article will focus on the pastime of fishing as well as many other intertextual games played inside/outside the frame of Hannah’s Eagle Lake Stories, to reckon with how they inform his swan song, Yonder Stands Your Orphan. Ultimately, the paper will consider to what extent writing itself is a literary game on a meta level, a dynamic in which writers and tellers of tall tales strive against not only their peers but also their forbears
The Stage of Contamination: Performing Environmental Racism through Water in Erika Dickerson-Despenza’s cullud wattah
No full textThe paper examines Erika Dickerson-Despenza’s award-winning play cullud wattah (2021) as a powerful dramatization of environmental injustice centering on the Flint Water Crisis as both a historical event and a symbol of systemic racism in the United States. Through the lens of environmental justice scholarship and the concept of “slow violence,” this analysis explores how race, class, and gender intersect to shape unequal access to clean water. The play foregrounds the lived experiences of a working-class African American family grappling with the physical, psychological, and spiritual consequences of toxic water contamination. The Cooper women represent generational responses to oppression, ranging from resignation and complicity to spiritual resilience and political activism. The staging transforms contaminated water into a powerful symbol of both trauma and resistance, while the absence of theatrical closure emphasizes the unresolved nature of the crisis. Integrating legal, political, and cultural critiques, cullud wattah emerges as a compelling call to action advocating for truth-telling, reparations, and structural change
Update of ČSN 73 4959 with Emphasis on Horizontal and Vertical Requirements on Boarding Edges of Platforms
No full textČlánek představuje vybrané úpravy v rámci revize normy ČSN 73 4959 s důrazem na směrové a výškové požadavky na nástupní hrany nástupišť výšky 550 mm nad spojnicí temen kolejnic. Popisuje úpravu jmenovité vodorovné vzdálenosti nástupní hrany od osy přilehlé koleje v kontextu požadavků TSI INF a prostorové průchodnosti tratí. Dále rozebírá výškové požadavky na nástupní hranu zejména s ohledem na požadavky úrovňového nástupu do vozidla podle TSI PRM a diskutuje nutnost koordinovaného postupu manažera infrastruktury a zejména výrobců vozidel s cílem požadavkům úrovňového nástupu do vozidel plně vyhovět.This paper presents selected updates of the ČSN 73 4959 with emphasis on horizontal and vertical alignment requirements on boarding edges of railway platforms with a height of 550 mm above the top of the rail. It describes modifications of the nominal horizontal length between the boarding edge and the axis of adjacent track in the context of TSI INF requirements and structural gauging. Furthermore, it examines vertical requirements on the boarding edge, specifically considering the requirements of level access to the vehicle according to TSI PRM and discusses the urgency of coordinated action of the infrastructure manager and rolling stock producers to fully meet the level access requirements
Experience with the Start of Operation of ŠKODA Single-Deck EMUs
No full textPříspěvek se týká postupu homologace a uvádění do provozu u širokorozchodných jednotek 16Ev a 21Ev provozovaných na tratích v Lotyšsku a Estonsku. První část se zabývá zkoušením a typovým schválením jednotek, druhá část popisuje zkušenosti z provozu a servisu jednotek v souvislosti s povětrnostními podmínkami v Pobaltí. Poslední část příspěvku je věnována zkušenostem z provozu EJ obecně a nejčastější vlivům na disponibilitu vozidel v ČR.The paper concerns the homologation and commissioning procedure for EMUs of types 16Ev and 21Ev operated on railways in Latvia and Estonia. The first part covers the testing and type approval of the EMUs, while the second part describes the experience of operation and servicing of the EMUs in connection with weather conditions in the Baltics. The last part of the paper is focused on the experience of EU operation in general and the most common effects on vehicle availability in the Czech Republic
Abt Rack Railway Turnouts and Rack Railway Vehicle Passage Solutions
No full textV souvislosti s modernizacemi ozubnicových tratí v Česku a na Slovensku v posledních letech (Štrba – Štrbské Pleso v roce 2021 a Tanvald – Kořenov v roce 2025) bylo potřeba navrhnout a vyrobit ozubnicové výhybky pro tyto tratě, což obnášelo důkladně prostudovat aktuální řešení takových výhybek v zahraničí a následně navrhnout řešení vlastní. Příspěvek je zaměřen na aktuálně řešenou problematiku výhybek pro Abtův systém ozubnice, který je použit na modernizované trati Tanvald – Kořenov. V příspěvku budou čtenáři seznámeni s typy ozubnicových výhybek pro Abtův systém ozubnice. Dále je představeno řešení ozubnicové výhybky českého výrobce výhybek, DT – Výhybkárny a strojírny, a.s. V rámci vývoje výhybek byla velká pozornost zaměřena i na interakci výhybky nejen s ozubnicovým, ale i adhezním vozidlem se zaměřením na možné kolize. Bylo potřeba se vypořádat s chybějícími podklady, což bylo částečně nahrazeno 3D skenováním podvozků lokomotivy. V příspěvku je pozornost věnována i problematice interakce ozubeného kola s ozubeným hřebenem.In connection with the modernization of the rack railway lines in Czechia and Slovakia in recent years (Štrba – Štrbské Pleso in 2021 and Tanvald – Kořenov in 2025), it was necessary to design and produce rack railway turnouts for these lines, which involved a thorough study of the current solution of such turnouts abroad and then designing own solution. The paper focuses on the currently designed turnouts for the Abt rack railway system, which is used on the modernized line Tanvald – Kořenov. In the paper the readers will be introduced to the types of the rack railway turnouts for the Abt system. Furthermore, the rack railway turnout solution of the Czech manufacturer of switches and crossings, DT – Výhybkárny a strojírny, a.s., is presented. Within the development of turnouts, much attention was also focused on the interaction of the turnout not only with the rack railway vehicle but also with the adhesion vehicle, with a focus on possible collisions. It was necessary to deal with the missing supporting documents, which was partially replaced by 3D scanning of the locomotive bogie components. In the paper, attention is also paid to the problem of the rack and cogwheel interaction
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