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Czech Evangelic Congregations in Eastern and South-Eastern Europe or “They Brought the Bible with Them...”
No full textThis paper deals with Czech evangelic communities in Eastern and South-Eastern Europe, which claimed allegiance to reformed religion. Some of these communities are still active today. The localities under study arose as a result of the migration of the Czech population in the nineteenth century and at the beginning of the twentieth century due to economic and social reasons. Czech settlers helped populate the uninhabited peripheral parts of the Habsburg monarchy, or descendants of Czech exiles outside the monarchy established new settlements to ensure needed subsistence elsewhere at the growing number of inhabitants in original exile villages. The paper aims to describe the background to the migration of the Czech-speaking population and the historical development of Czech-speaking foreign evangelic communities of the reformed religion.This paper deals with Czech evangelic communities in Eastern and South-Eastern Europe, which claimed allegiance to reformed religion. Some of these communities are still active today. The localities under study arose as a result of the migration of the Czech population in the nineteenth century and at the beginning of the twentieth century due to economic and social reasons. Czech settlers helped populate the uninhabited peripheral parts of the Habsburg monarchy, or descendants of Czech exiles outside the monarchy established new settlements to ensure needed subsistence elsewhere at the growing number of inhabitants in original exile villages. The paper aims to describe the background to the migration of the Czech-speaking population and the historical development of Czech-speaking foreign evangelic communities of the reformed religion
APPLICATION OF GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM FOR THE POSTAL NETWORK ANALYSIS
No full textThe postal network is a comprehensive set of several subsets, namely, postal infrastructure (consisted of objects and means), transportation networks, and human resources. It is organized by specific considerations of every country, following practices outlined by national and international regulation. Geographic Information System is a tool specialized for spatial data and network analysis. It can help identify shortcomings in a network environment, conditioned by a specific set of criteria and provisions. Spatial data and characteristics of the postal network are taken into consideration. The research area’s transportation infrastructure and administrative data are also needed for quality analysis of the postal network. The application of GIS in this paper is made following one County’s example in the Republic of Croatia
COVID-19 PANDEMIC VS. PUBLIC TRANSPORT ATTRACTIVENESS - LITERATURE RESEARCH AND SELECTED SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
No full textThis paper deals with a literature search of authors dealing with public transport and the decline in passenger demand during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. The recommendations and conclusions of this article serve as a partial basis for the elaboration of dissertations, the topic, content and goal of which will respect and respond to this ongoing situation concerning the pandemic
IMPLEMENTÁCIA CESTNÉHO BALÍČKA EÚ 2020 A ODHAD JEHO DOPADOV VO VYBRANOM ČLENSKOM ŠTÁTE: SLOVENSKO
No full textThe European Union has adopted a “road package” of several measures in the field of road transport, with the aim of helping the sector to remain competitive in the context of a socially just transformation towards clean energy and digitalisation. According to the European Commission, the package presented for the next legislative process at EU level aims to address the issues of extreme overload of road traffic and pollution, but also to respond to the growing number of road freight transport operators and their working and social conditions. The aim of this paper is to examine the impact of these new legislative changes on the business environment in road transport in the Slovak Republic, the selected EU Member State. Selected costs for the implementation of the package for road transport operators were estimated.Európska únia prijala v oblasti cestnej dopravy „cestný balíček“ viacerých opatrení, ktorých cieľom je pomôcť odvetviu zachovať si konkurencieschopnosť v rámci sociálne spravodlivej transformácie smerom k čistej energii a digitalizácii. Cieľom predloženého balíčka do ďalšieho legislatívneho procesu na úrovni EÚ je podľa Európskej komisie riešiť otázky veľkej preťaženosti ciest a znečistenia, ale tiež reagovať na rastúci počet subjektov v cestnej nákladnej doprave a ich pracovné a sociálne podmienky. Cieľom tohto príspevku je skúmanie vplyvu týchto nových legislatívnych zmien na podnikateľské prostredie v cestnej doprave vo vybranom členskom štáte EÚ v Slovenskej republike. Boli odhadnuté vybrané náklady na implementáciu balíčka na prevádzkovateľov cestnej dopravy.  
OVERVIEW OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF EMISSION STANDARDS FOR THE REDUCTION OF AIR POLLUTION BY NONROAD MOBILE MACHINERY
No full textKaždý stroj poháněný spalovacím motorem má vliv na obecnou úroveň antropogenního znečištění. Tyto pohony podléhají různým předpisům omezujícím jejich emise pro provozní podmínky a aplikace. Jednou ze skupin takových strojů popsaných v evropských či amerických předpisech jsou nesilniční mobilní stroje. Jelikož není problematika v českých odborných časopisech souhrnně uvedena a zahraniční literatura obsahuje jen málo informací, je cílem tohoto příspěvku prezentace stávajících legislativních regulací týkajících se limitů emisí škodlivých látek z výfukových plynů, které jsou vytvářeny vznětovými spalovacími motory nesilničních mobilních strojů, speciálně hnacími drážními vozidly.Every machine powered by an internal combustion engine has an effect on the general level of anthropogenic pollution. These actuators are subject to various regulations limiting their emissions for operating conditions and applications. One of the groups of such machines described in European or American regulations is non-road mobile machines. As the issue is not summarized in Czech professional journals and foreign literature contains little information, the aim of this paper is to present existing legislative regulations concerning limits of pollutants from exhaust gases, which are generated by diesel internal combustion engines of non-road mobile machinery, especially traction rail vehicles
When Tubal Tells The Merchant of Venice as Jessica’s Story: Clive Sinclair’s “Shylock Must Die”
No full textShakespeare’s plays have attracted numerous reinterpretations not only on the stage, but also in other genres. Recent retellings of The Merchant of Venice by British Jewish authors, such as Arnold Wesker’s play The Merchant (1976) or Howard Jacobson’s novel Shylock Is My Name (2016), focus on a complex portrayal of Shylock as the main Jewish character. However, Clive Sinclair’s short story “Shylock Must Die” (2014) adopts a different strategy by foregrounding two other Jewish characters, as Shylock’s daughter Jessica is described from the point of view of the moneylender Tubal. In Sinclair’s version, Tubal is refashioned as a private detective who, despite his experience, can hardly believe how cunning Jessica turns out to be, as she tricks him into participating in her own scheme. While Shakespeare’s play assigns a significant amount of agency to Portia, Sinclair’s short story takes liberty in shifting the focus to another female character. As the story reports events that followed Jessica’s wedding, it may even be considered a sequel to The Merchant of Venice, and the story’s title itself suggests it has even less to do with comedy than the original. For all these reasons, “Shylock Must Die” presents a radical rewriting of Shakespeare’s text
Vehicle Side Diagnostics of S&C
No full textŽelezniční výhybky a křížení jsou z pohledu celkových nákladů na údržbu ve srovnání s běžnou kolejí problematickým prvkem infrastruktury. Článek se proto zabývá možnostmi sledování stavu výhybek jedoucími vozidly a návrhem inteligentního diagnostického systému pro železniční výhybky, který bude schopen zachytit zhoršování technického stavu a umožnit tak správci infrastruktury postupný přechod k prediktivní údržbě. Výše uvedené by nebylo možné bez vývoje, sestavení a odzkoušení hardwarového i softwarového řešení, doplněného vývojem inteligentních algoritmů, které dokážou z měření dynamické odezvy nejen na infrastruktuře, ale i na železničním vozidle vyhodnotit stav výhybky. Hledané řešení má za cíl prodloužit životnost konstrukce výhybky a zredukovat náklady životního cyklu a zvýšit tak bezpečnost a plynulost železničního provozu.Railway switches and crossings (S&C) are a problematic element of the infrastructure in terms of total maintenance costs compared to a normal track. The article therefore deals with the possibilities of condition monitoring of S&C by moving vehicles and with the design of an intelligent diagnostic system for S&C, which will be able to detect deterioration of technical condition and allow the infrastructure manager a gradual transition to the predictive maintenance. The facts mentioned above would not be possible without the development, assembly and testing of hardware and software solutions, supplemented by the development of intelligent algorithms that can evaluate the state of the S&C structure by measuring the dynamic response not only on the infrastructure but also on the railway vehicle. The sought solution will contribute to the S&C structure service life extending and life cycle costs reducing and therefore the safety and smoothness of railway traffic can be increased
Tribotec Sandblasting in the Present and Its Future Development
No full textSystém, který svým pneumatickým způsobem řešení zajišťuje vysokou provozní spolehlivost a vylučuje jak jednorázový, tak i kontinuální výsyp písku u všech aktivovaných nebo neaktivovaných písečníků nad stanovenou normu, tedy nadměrné nebo naopaknedostatečné pískování. Technické řešení neumožňuje vysypání většího množství písku do místa styku kola s kolejnicí ani při poruše pneumatické soustavy vozidla. Zařízení je univerzálního charakteru a je ho možné aplikovat v nenáročných modifikacích na všechnadrážní vozidla. Toto pískovací zařízení je postupně montováno na nová a rekonstruovaná hnací vozidla.The system which increases high operating durability by its pneumatic way of solution and avoids onetime and continual souring of sand by all activated or inactivated sand storages above defined limits. It means enormous or insufficient sanding. Technical solution does not allow pouring of higher amount of sand into area of contact between a wheel and a rail in case of malfunction of pneumatic system of a vehicle. Universal character of the device allows its application in modest modifications for all rail vehicles. This sanding device is mounted gradually on new and reconstructed driving vehicles
Electric Multiple Unit of Skoda 16Ev Series
No full textPříspěvek se zabývá popisem elektrické jednotky typu 16Ev z produkce ŠKODA TRANSPORTATION a.s. / ŠKODA VAGONKA a.s. Elektrická jednotka bude nasazena do provozu na širokorozchodných tratích v Lotyšsku. Provozovatelem vlaků budou Lotyšské železnice (Pasažieru vilciens).The contribution deals with the description of the electric unit type 16Ev from the production of ŠKODA TRANSPORTATION a.s. / ŠKODA VAGONKA a.s. The electric multiple unit will be put into operation on wide gauge lines in Latvia. The train will be operated by the Latvian Railways (Pasažieru vilciens)
The Strength of Freight Wagon in the Past and Present
No full textPříspěvek se zabývá problematikou dimenzování skříní železničních nákladních vozů. Je analyzován současný stav předpisů a jejich reálná aplikace. Požadavky v předpisech jsou konfrontovány s poznatky získanými při zkouškách a posuzování provozních pevnostníchporuch nákladních vozů. Jsou uvedeny náměty na změnu stávajících norem.The paper deals with the issue of dimensioning of railway freight wagon car bodies. The current state of regulations and their real application is analysed. The requirements in the regulations are confronted with the knowledge gained during tests and assessment of an operational strength failures of freight wagon. Suggestions for changing of existing standards are given
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