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Mirror, Mirror: Framing the Story of Snow White
No full textThe Queen’s mirror is an essential part of the classic tale “Little Snow White.” It is the driving force behind Queen’s actions and thus behind the whole plot of the story. In feminist criticism, the mirror is often interpreted as a tool of patriarchy that is meant to pit the female characters against one another. Many authors of modern fairy tale rewritings have thusly adjusted the position of the mirror in the story to show the influence it has on female characters. This paper will discuss two such rewritings, namely “The Tale of the Apple” by Emma Donoghue and “Snow White Learns Witchcraft” by Theodora Goss, focusing on how these two authors change the position of the mirror and what effect this has on the female characters. Despite the differences in the approaches of these two authors, the results of the altered role of the mirror share striking resemblances with regard to the messages their stories convey about female characters in a patriarchal story
The Death of a Child in a Noble Family: Prince Walter Prosper (1839–1841) and the Funeral Ritual of the House of Schwarzenberg in the Nineteenth Century
No full textThe funeral rituals and ceremonies of the House of Schwarzenberg were passed from generation to generation from the seventeenth and eighteenth century until the interwar period, and contributed significantly to the identity of the family. This article is focused on the specific case of Prince Walter Prosper (1839–1841), who died at the age of two as a consequence of a severe head injury. The article describes not only the ceremonies and rituals which took place during Prince Walter’s funeral, but also uses them to explain the general course of Schwarzenberg burials. As mentioned above, Prince Walter died tragically and suddenly, which was in sharp contrast with the Schwarzenberg ideal of death. The question of the tragic and sudden death of a child and its impact on the rest of the family and its behaviour is also dealt with in this article. Our research is based on the study of the archival material in the Třeboň State Regional Archive, Department in Český Krumlov, where the archive of the House Schwarzenberg is stored, and on a comparison with the research conducted by other Czech historians, mainly Václav Grubhoffer.The funeral rituals and ceremonies of the House of Schwarzenberg were passed from generation to generation from the seventeenth and eighteenth century until the interwar period, and contributed significantly to the identity of the family. This article is focused on the specific case of Prince Walter Prosper (1839–1841), who died at the age of two as a consequence of a severe head injury. The article describes not only the ceremonies and rituals which took place during Prince Walter’s funeral, but also uses them to explain the general course of Schwarzenberg burials. As mentioned above, Prince Walter died tragically and suddenly, which was in sharp contrast with the Schwarzenberg ideal of death. The question of the tragic and sudden death of a child and its impact on the rest of the family and its behaviour is also dealt with in this article. Our research is based on the study of the archival material in the Třeboň State Regional Archive, Department in Český Krumlov, where the archive of the House Schwarzenberg is stored, and on a comparison with the research conducted by other Czech historians, mainly Václav Grubhoffer
Dual and Hybrid Locomotives from CZ LOKO
No full textCZ LOKO, a.s., rozšiřuje své portfolio o hybridní a duální vozidla. Hybridním vozidlem rozumíme vozidlo s primárně bateriovým zdrojem trakční energie se záložním agregátem – například HybridShunter 400 a 1000. Duální vozidlo pak získává energii z trolejového vedení (v závislé trakci) nebo z motorgenerátoru, případně trakční baterie (nezávislá trakce) – DualShunter 2000 DC a AC.CZ LOKO, a.s. expands its portfolio with hybrid and dual vehicles. By hybrid vehicle we mean a vehicle with a primarily battery source of traction energy with a backup unit – for example HybridShunter 400 and 1000. The dual vehicle then obtains energy from the overhead line (in dependent traction) or from a motor generator or traction battery (independent traction) – DualShunter 2000 DC and AC
Actual Condition of Wheelset–Track Interaction at Turnouts and Crossing of DPMB Tram Branch Junction near Ostravska Street
No full textPříspěvek shrnuje skutečnosti týkající se vzájemného vztahu dvojkolí–kolej a vyplývající z aktuálně získaných poznatků při zkušebním provozu nového odbočného tramvajového uzlu DPMB se svrškem z Vignolových kolejnic. Pro zajištění optimální vazby dvojkolí–kolejbylo nezbytné při návrhu konstrukce v oblasti jednoduchých a dvojitých srdcovek navrhnout šířku žlábků odpovídající jmenovitým i mezním parametrům provozovaných dvojkolí. Při zkušebním provozu se pak objevily drobné technické problémy a bylo zapotřebí nalézt jejich příčinu a posoudit jejich závažnost. Analýza aktuálního vzájemného vztahu dvojkolí–kolej zde prokázala, že zmíněné problémy nepředstavují žádnou překážku pro používání tohoto typu výhybkových konstrukcí v podmínkách DPMB. Postupnou optimalizací údržby běžně provozovaných tramvají a sjednocením parametrů dvojkolí historických vozidel pak problémy zcela vymizí.The paper summarizes the facts involved in wheelset-track interaction and results from obtained experience within the testing operation of the new DPMB tram branch junction of Vignol’s rail track. The flangeway width was set in relation to the nominal and the limit parameters of all types tram wheelset for optimization of the wheelset-track interaction. Small technical troubles appear during the testing operation and it was necessary to find their reason. Analysis of the actual wheelset-track interaction shows that the mentioned troubles do not constitute any restriction for using of this type turnout structure in DPMB. The troublesabsolutely disappear by progressive optimization of common types of trams maintenance and by unification of parameters of historical trams
Optimization of Dynamic Behaviour of Tram
No full textVe firme ŠKODA TRANSPORTATION se při projektování a vývoji nových tramvají věnuje značná pozornost optimalizaci jejich dynamického chování. V první fázi návrhu nových tramvají se optimalizace provádí pomocí numerických simulací na MBS modelech v softwaru Adams VI-Rail, které jsou schopny s velkou přesností predikovat dynamické chování tramvají. Podle výsledků provedených výpočtů se optimalizují jednotlivé konstrukční uzly tramvají tak, aby bylo dosaženo co nejlepšího dynamického chování tramvají. Ve druhé fázi se na reálné tramvaji provádí měření a zkoušky, které zpřesňují výsledky výpočtů provedených na MBS modelech a slouží k jejich zpětné validaci. Tento přístup umožňuje s minimálními náklady predikovat a optimalizovat dynamické chování tramvají a případně provést konstrukční změny ve fázi jejich návrhu. Tento příspěvek pojednává o vlivu konstrukce horního mezičlánkového spojení na dynamické chování tramvaje při jízdě ve směrovém oblouku a optimalizaci uvedeného konstrukčního uzlu.At ŠKODA TRANSPORTATION there is paid a considerable attention to optimizing dynamic behaviour of new trams during their designing and developing. The first phase of designing new trams is performed using numerical simulations on MBS models in the Adams VI-Rail software, which are able to predict the dynamic behaviour of trams with high accuracy. individual structural nodes of trams are optimized according to the results of performed calculations in order to achieve the best dynamic behaviour of trams. In the second phase, measurements and tests are performed on a real tram, which refine results of calculations performed on MBS models and also serve for MBS model validation. This approach makes it possible to predict and optimize the dynamic behaviour of trams with minimal costs and, if necessary, to make design changes in the designing phase. This paper deals with an influence of upper intersection connection on the dynamic behaviour of tram when passing in curve and the optimization of the intersection connection. 
Motivation of Passengers to Preferences of Public Transport by Its Quality and Attractiveness
No full textDefinice cestovní pohody. Racionální a emoční vztahy cestujících k dopravním systémům a k dopravním prostředkům. Souznění veřejné hromadné dopravy s emocemi cestujícího. Emotivní vnímání estetiky vozidla, ergonomie technického řešení a přepravního procesu. Antropologický vývoj člověka ve 20 a 21. století. Prostor a jeho vnímání cestujícím, prostorové nároky sezení. Systematický přístup k minimalizaci rušivého působení vibrací, hluku, teploty, osvětlenosti a kvality interního ovzduší na pohodu cestujícího ve vlaku. Pozitivní vnímání veřejné dopravy jako základní faktor k využití potenciálu extra-modálních úspor energie při náhradě individuální automobilové dopravy energeticky i emisně méně náročnou dopravou železniční.Definition of travel comfort. Rational and emotional relationships of passengers to transport systems and transportation. Harmony of public transport with emotions of a passenger. Emotional perception of a vehicle aesthetics, ergonomics of technical solution and transport process. Anthropological development of a human in the 20th and 21st century. Space and its perception by passengers, spatial requirements of seating. Systematic approach to minimizing the effects of vibration, noise, heat, light and indoor air quality on the comfort of the train occupant. Positive perception of public transport as a basic factor for exploiting a potential of extra-modal energy savings in replacing individual car transport with less energy-intensive and emission-free rail transport
Academic Licence of Software Tools Created for Education in the Field of Railway Vehicles at the University of Pardubice
No full textPříspěvek představuje dva konkrétní softwarové nástroje, které byly vytvořeny na Dopravní fakultě Jana Pernera Univerzity Pardubice jako akademické licence pro využití zejména ve výuce v oblasti kolejových vozidel. Prvním nástrojem je software „SJKV-V4N v. 1.0“, který vznikl v roce 2018 v rámci řešení projektu TA ČR „Centrum kompetence drážních vozidel“. Jedná se o jednu z mnoha verzí programového systému SJKV (Simulace jízdy kolejového vozidla), která byla doplněna o uživatelské rozhraní a která je nyní dostupná pro nekomerční využití i studentům. Jde o program pro multi-body simulace jízdy kolejového vozidla, přičemž je v dané verzi možné simulovat jízdu několika předdefinovaných koncepcí čtyřnápravových vozidel za určitých podmínek. Druhým nástrojem je software „RailCalc 2.0“, což je upravená verze programu, který byl vytvořen na DFJP v rámci řešení bakalářské práce v roce 2020. Jde o program pro realizaci trakčních výpočtů, který umožňuje provádět výpočty jízdních dob a spotřeby trakční energie zadaných vlakových souprav v definovaných traťových úsecích.A couple of software tools for use in the educational process in the field of railway vehicles are presented in this paper. Both of them were created as an academic licence at the Faculty of Transport Engineering of the University of Pardubice (Czech Republic). In the first case, the simulation tool “SJKV-V4N v. 1.0” was created in framework of the project “Competence Center of Railway Vehicles” of the Technology Agency of the Czech Republic in 2018. This software represents a particular version of the multi-body simulation tool “SJKV”, which was supplemented with a user interface, and nowadays it is available for non-commercial use by the students and academic staff for free. It is intended for realization of multi-body simulations of three pre-defined design concepts of four-axle railway vehicles under certain conditions. The second software tool – named as “RailCalc 2.0” – is intended for traction calculations,i.e., for the calculations of running times and energy consumption of defined trains on defined railway lines. This software represents a modified version of the program “RailCalc” created in framework of a bachelor thesis at the Faculty of Transport Engineering in 2020
Objectives of the Green Deal in the Field of Passenger Rail Transport and Their Fulfillment
No full textPříspěvek se zabývá dopady klimatické změny v oblasti osobní železniční přepravy a popisuje základní výzvy při transformaci přepravy osob v blízké budoucnosti. Akcent EU na bezemisní přepravu osob skýtá velký potenciál pro rozvoj osobní železniční dopravy, protopříspěvek popisuje i nejdůležitější trendy ve vývoji vozidel a jejich optimální využití v následujících desetiletích.The text deals with the effects of climate change in the field of passenger rail transport and describes the basic challenges in the transformation of passenger transport in the near future. The EU\u27s emphasis on emission-free passenger transport offers great potential for the development of passenger rail transport, so the text describes the most important trends in the development of vehicles and their optimal use in the coming decades
Disease, Deformity and Health Terrors in 19th-Century Cartoons: A Cultural History of Science
No full textThis article analyses the changes that took place in the image of disease during the nineteenth century. Ever since the Enlightenment movement introduced the scientific discourse into popular knowledge in the eighteenth century, a popular scientific culture had developed and been disseminated. The “cultural visualisation” of science via exhibitions, fairs and illustrated publications became even more intense and widespread in the nineteenth century. In this context, satirical images linked to scientific development proliferated. An analysis of this visual language makes it possible for us to learn more about the development of science and its social impact. I analyse the creation and circulation of iconographic sources, with particular emphasis on French and British sources concerning medical and epidemiological subjects. The aim is to understand the visual tradition that shaped these images and its impact on social imaginary. For that purpose, I examine scientific illustrations from the Early Modern to the Modern Era, in order to better understand their iconography and the ways symbolic language concerning epidemic diseases – mainly cholera – spread across Europe in the nineteenth century.This article analyses the changes that took place in the image of disease during the nineteenth century. Ever since the Enlightenment movement introduced the scientific discourse into popular knowledge in the eighteenth century, a popular scientific culture had developed and been disseminated. The “cultural visualisation” of science via exhibitions, fairs and illustrated publications became even more intense and widespread in the nineteenth century. In this context, satirical images linked to scientific development proliferated. An analysis of this visual language makes it possible for us to learn more about the development of science and its social impact. I analyse the creation and circulation of iconographic sources, with particular emphasis on French and British sources concerning medical and epidemiological subjects. The aim is to understand the visual tradition that shaped these images and its impact on social imaginary. For that purpose, I examine scientific illustrations from the Early Modern to the Modern Era, in order to better understand their iconography and the ways symbolic language concerning epidemic diseases – mainly cholera – spread across Europe in the nineteenth century
„Ma santé commence à être un peu meilleure...“ An Enlightener and his Health.: Part Two: Wenzel Anton of Kaunitz-Rietberg as a Patient
No full textThe second part of the two-part paper presents topics and sources viewed through the optics of Patienten- geschichte, concerning the relationship to health and illness of otherwise well-known Count and later Prince, Wenzel Anton of Kaunitz-Rietberg (1711–1794). Attention is paid to which methods and medicaments Kaunitz considered healthy, whether he followed any preventive treatment to maintain good health, and what he advised his relatives and friends. The paper also focuses on his cures, which medications he used and bought, how much he spent on and where he searched for them. Last but not least, the essay will try to find out Kaunitz’s sources of medical information, whether and how he reflected contemporary medical discourse, and if new findings and methods were somehow reflected in his approach to the illnesses and treatment that he and his relatives and friends underwent.The second part of the two-part paper presents topics and sources viewed through the optics of Patienten- geschichte, concerning the relationship to health and illness of otherwise well-known Count and later Prince, Wenzel Anton of Kaunitz-Rietberg (1711–1794). Attention is paid to which methods and medicaments Kaunitz considered healthy, whether he followed any preventive treatment to maintain good health, and what he advised his relatives and friends. The paper also focuses on his cures, which medications he used and bought, how much he spent on and where he searched for them. Last but not least, the essay will try to find out Kaunitz’s sources of medical information, whether and how he reflected contemporary medical discourse, and if new findings and methods were somehow reflected in his approach to the illnesses and treatment that he and his relatives and friends underwent
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