International journal of health sciences
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Prevalence of complications associated with premature births in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
Get PDFObjectives: This cross-sectional study was executed in three districts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (Abbottabad, Peshawar and Charsada), from April 2021 to January 2023, to determine the complications associated with premature births. Methods: The study comprised 339 preterm infants, including 175 male and 164 female infants. All the demographic features of the mother for assessment of the potential risk factors for preterm births along with the initial fetal weights were recorded in the delivery room, and the complications of preterm births were also recorded. Results: Maternal demographic features revealed that a significant proportion of women (p<0.05) pertained to age group of 30-40 years (42.18%), subsequently 20-30 years (31.56%), below 20 years (17.99%) and above 40 years (8.25%). A significant number of women who gave birth to premature babies (p<0.05) were in their Multiparous phase (82.01%) and sixty-one women were in their Primiparous stage (17.99%). Most of the women were emaciated (p<0.05) and had poor health status (59.58%), while, 12.38% had moderate health. It was evident from the findings that there was a non-significant correlation among the gestational groups (p≥0.05), in which a maximum number of patients were lying in very mature infants (56.63%), followed by moderately premature (28.90%) and extremely preterm (14.45%). 
A comparative study of continuous versus intermittent phototherapy in the neonatal jaundice treatment
Get PDFAim: The goal of this study is the comparison of the mean reduction in serum bilirubin after intermittent and continuous phototherapy for neonatal jaundice treatment. Study Design: A randomized controlled study. Place and Duration: In the Pediatric department of Mardan Medical Complex (MMC), Mardan for one-year duration from July 2021 to June 2022. Methodology: Total 200 children were registered after meeting the exclusion and inclusion criteria to compare the reduction in serum bilirubin following intermittent/ continuous phototherapy for neonatal jaundice treatment. There were 100 children in both Group A and B. The continuous phototherapy was given in Group A children while intermittent phototherapy was given in group B. The children in Group A were given continuous phototherapy (2 hrs with 20 mints break), and intermittent phototherapy was given in group B children (1 hr therapy and 30 Mints break). 
Exploring school girls' menstruation characteristics and impacts on their academic performance
Get PDFBackground/Objective: Menstrual issues are the most prevalent gynecological issue, especially among high school girls. Menstruation significantly impacts students' academic performance and is one of the leading causes of their short-term absences from school. This project is intended to investigate the effect of menstruation on academic achievement among rural girls in a developing nation. Subjects and Methods: This study utilized a mixed methodology consisting of a descriptive cross-sectional study and a qualitative design. The study was done on 225 girls during their four menstrual cycles between February and April 2022. For data collection, a three-sectioned, pre-validated questionnaire was used, which was divided into three portions. Section A was an interview evaluation sheet used to collect socio-demographic information. Section B addressed the menstrual cycle and menstrual pain. Included questions on the impact of the menstrual period on academic performance and students' anxiety surrounding each menstrual period. This study revealed a significant association between dysmenorrhea and anxiety. Results: Seventy-five percent of girls in the rural community expressed concern about their menstrual cycles. Data were collected by diary records and focus group interviews. Dysmenorrhea severity was classified as mild, moderate, and severe. 
Exploration of antioxidant and antimicrobial potential of prunus dulcis and arachis hypogaea shells extracts
Get PDFAlmond (Prunus dulcis) and Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) both are the edible dry fruits, belong to families "Rosaceae" and "Fabaceae" respectively. There are number of studies have reported the biological activities of fruit but a very little data is available on shells. Shells extracts possess antiviral, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antifungal, and anticancer activities due to the presence of bioactive compounds, such as alkaloids, flavonoids, and polyphenolic compound. In the present study, green extraction technique was performed. The green extraction technique has many benefits over traditional extraction technique such as use of alternative solvents, reduction of energy consumption and unit operation and by-products in it. Firstly, shells were collected and crushed then their extracts were prepared through green extraction technique. The shells extract of Almond and Peanut were screened to investigate antioxidant, and antimicrobial potential. Antimicrobial activity was measured through well diffusion method while DPPH scavenging assay was performed to determine antioxidant potential. In our study, the antimicrobial activity of Almond shells extract was maximum against Staphylococcus aureus with zone of inhibition 19mm ±0.20 and minimum against the Salmonella enterica with zone of inhibition 7mm ±0.85. 
Assertives as a method for revealing mysticism
Get PDFThis paper is aimed to explain how the assertive speech acts can be used to reveal mysticism concepts in some selected poems of one of the greatest American poets who is Henery David Thoreau. The used method of analysis in this study is the qualitative one. The procedures that is followed to show how assertives are used to reveal mysticism, involve comparing the occurrences and percentage to another speech acts that is being identified through the selected poems. the comparison is to explain how the nature of assertive determines its distribution within the selected poems. Therefore, the results of the analysis show that high distribution of assertive in comparison with directives is related to the nature of assertives that helps the poets in expressing anything related to the case or truth of mystic concepts. The result of the study reveal that assertive speech acts can be functioned to explain mysticism concept as assertive speech act explain mysticism concept in the selected text to be analyzed in this study
Deficiency of vitamin D in patients with chronic liver disease at department of medicine HMC Peshawar a multi center study
Get PDFBackground: Multiple nutrients are deficient in people with chronic liver disease (CLD), but vitamin D insufficiency is more prevalent in CLD patients than in patients with other deficiencies. As a result of liver fibrosis, the liver's synthetic abilities are diminished, and this compromises activation through a decrease in vitamin D Binding Protein, which results in vitamin D insufficiency. The situation is further complicated by a decline in performance and nutritional deficiencies. The research examined the prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency in people with chronic liver disease and its relationship to the severity of the condition. Methodology: The Multi center study conducted in department of Medicine at the Hayatabad Medical Complex in Peshawar carried out this. 71 CLD patients who satisfied the criteria were included in the research. Three groups of patients were divided based on their Child-Pugh scores. The patient's vitamin D levels were examined by hospital laboratories. Serum (26,OH)D concentrations below 30 nmol/L were considered to represent [vitamin D] insufficiency levels. The data were examined using SPSS version 22. Results: 71 CLD patients were assessed. In this study the (mean age) was 52.43 ± 12.190.years. The (male-to-female ratio) was 02.04:01. 
Gynecological disorders as factors that could cause cervical neoplasia
Get PDFA longitudinal cohort research was conducted to see if gynaecological disorders besides the human papillomavirus (HPV) remain associated to the elevated threat to cervical neoplasia. The research included many women who participated in the planned mass screening. Trichomonas vaginalis and HPV, respectively, remained linked through a significant comparative probability of preinvasive lesions, cervical cancer and invasive cancer merged, and preinvasive lesions and invasive cancer combined. Despite its rarity in detection, the greatest and theoretically highly meaningful information system provides for Herpes simplex virus (HSV) was discovered. It was not demonstrated that actinomyces or yeast significantly increased the cervical cancer risk. The other illnesses' confounding effects were unable to explain any of these findings. This led us to propose that the herpes simplex virus and Trichomonas vaginalis are further cervical neoplasia predictors
Characterization of immunomodulatory B-cells and T-cells to generate extremely targeted immunoassays and vaccines
Get PDFIntroduction: The Rubella virus has worldwide occurrence and congenital Rubella syndrome are widely recognized as emerging infection in several parts of the world. Methodology: We investigated for peptide vaccine with specific T and B-cell epitopes was identified through bioinformatics-based approaches. These were identified utilizing available Rubella virus E1 glycoprotein sequence databases. The outer-membrane glycoprotein, E1 is a target protein for the prediction of best antigens. Results: The bioinformatics online software Bepipred 2 was used for prediction of potential B-cell epitope (pfcntphgqlevqvppdpgd) was identified and it has shown high conversation against E1 glycoprotein and few other bioinformatics online software NetMHCpan, IEDB and NetCTL was used to identify maximum surface-exposed residues. T-Cell epitope (rpvalpral) was identified and shown to be conserved to E1 Glycoprotein. Predicted epitopes were found to had promiscuous class-I major histocompatibility complex binding affinity to major histocompatibility complex super types, antigenicity scores and high proteasomal cleavage. The three-dimensional modelled structures was created using I-TASSER online server for highlighting the predicted T- and B- cell epitopes. Conclusion: The predicted T and B cell epitope could be used for development of immunoglobulin assay and vaccines
The importance of technology in the management and development of the medical field and hospitals
Get PDFTechnological advancement has made a significant positive impact on the field of medicine. It has changed the traditional way of treatment and diagnosis of diseases. The advanced methodologies and methods of treatment using technology prevent the escalation of diseases and improve the efficiency of treatments. In addition, the advanced technologies used in medicine reduce the chances of failures and surgical errors. The advanced technologies have made it possible to cure diseases at an early stage and have also improved the lives of patients with chronic diseases such as heart failure
Elements of internal, external factors of mental health disorders, tawakal and resilience in COVID 19 pandemic
Get PDFGod's Word s.w.t: Then set your face straight to the religion of Allah, the nature of Allah, which He created man above that nature; there is no change for the creation of the nature of God; that's a straight religion, but most people do not know it. Tawakal means surrendering decisions on all matters, efforts and endeavours to God of The Entire Universe. Tawakal is also an element that proves faithfulness and the Islamisation of a Muslim. Every human being who has been born to this earth has been created in the natural state; his heart always wants to face his God and wants to follow his religion; and the nature that God has created in every human being will never change, it will still voice the command to always return to the truth of God. Resilience is one aspect that is absolutely required by all Muslims when facing the COVID 19 Pandemic. There are several verses in the al-Quran that discuss the aspect of resilience or the capability of an individual to rise against adversities and overcome it.