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Prevalence of non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction in patients with acute coronary syndrome having normal ECG
Get PDFBackground: Coronary artery disease is a major worldwide health issue of immense scope. It is the biggest cause of death and illness in both male and female all over the globe. Objective: To assess the “prevalence of non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction in patients with acute coronary syndrome having normal ECG. Methodology: The current study was cross sectional carried out at the department of cardiology, Qazi Hussain Ahmad Medical Complex Nowshera. The duration of study was one years from January 2021 to January 2022. The proforma created for this research was then filled out with the requireds information. The SPSS version 24.0 was used to input and analyze the data. Results: In our research, totally 150 patients were included. The male patients in our study were 97 (64.67%) while female participants were 53 (35.33%). The prevalence of Non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction in patients with acute coronary syndrome having normal ECG was 37 (24.67%). Conclusion: Our study concludes that the prevalence of “non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction” in patients with acute coronary syndrome having normal ECG was high
Comparison of neonatal outcome of elective cesarean section done at 37–38 weeks of gestation and at 39-40 weeks of gestation
Get PDFObjective: The study aimed to compare the CS between 37 and 38 weeks gestational weeks and those performed between 39-40 weeks gestational weeks in order to determine the neonatal outcome and complications. Study design: comparative cross-sectional. Place and Duration of study: The study was conducted on 200 pregnant women in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baqai Medical University, Fatima Hospital, Gadap Karachi from January 2021 to December 2022. Methodology: Women with term singleton pregnancies scheduled for elective cesarean section at 37 - 38 weeks and 39-40 weeks of gestation without medical comorbidities were enrolled.. All the patients were distributed into two groups: Group-A composed of pregnant women with gestational age 37-38 weeks and Group-B pregnant women with gestational age of 39-40 weeks. Data such as maternal age, gestational age, parity, and neonatal complication neonatal weight were collected. Transient tachypnea of the newborn (TTN), sepsis, NICU admission, respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), and neonatal outcomes were noted. Repeat C-Section, malpresentation, Cephalopelvic Disproportionation (CPD), maternal request were different causes for elective cesarean section. Data was collected from those patients who were admitted in ward for elective cesarean section through a pre designed proforma. Data analysis was done in SPSS version 27. 
Treatment of pilonidal sinus with rhomboid excision and Limberg flap operation
Get PDFPilonidal sinus is a widespread condition. There have been several surgical methods described for treating the sacrococcygeal pilonidal sinus. The Limberg flap after rhomboid excision is the method that is most frequently utilized. By flattening the natal cleft, a big, well-vascularized flap is used to create a tension-free repair. The best treatment options are said to have a recurrence rate of 0–5% and complication rate during surgery of 0–16%. Aim: This study was held to assess patient characteristics and treatment outcomes for pilonidal sinus patients who had rhomboid excision and reconstruction with Limberg flap in our setting. Methods: Information was collected retrospectively by analyzing the records of patients who were done with rhomboid excision and reconstruction with Limberg flap for sacrococcygeal pilonidal sinus in General Surgery department, Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar during the period from January 2020 to December 2022. Results: The study included 40 patients in total, 34 (85%) men and 6 (15%) women. The mean age was 25.10. (range 18–45 years). The mean stay in hospital was 4.2 days, with 3 to 7-day of range. The primary disease affected 38 out of the 40 individuals, and a recurring disease affected 2 patients. 
Frequency of common bile duct strictures in patients presenting with obstructive jaundice in Ayub teaching hospital
Get PDFBackground; Obstructive jaundice in simple terms means the outflow of bile has been obstructed anywhere from the liver to the duodenum. It is caused by obstruction, blockage and/or compression of common bile duct (CBD) and/or biliary tract that leads to incomplete excretion of bile into the intestine. Patients with obstructive jaundice usually present with Complains of abdominal pain, yellow discoloration of skin and/or eyes, pale stools, dark colored urine, nausea, vomiting and pruritus. Objective: To determine frequency of common bile duct strictures in patients presenting with obstructive jaundice in Ayub teaching hospital. Material and Method. This Cross Sectional Study was conducted in the department of Gastroenterology, ATH, Abbottabad from 15th September 2020 to 15th March 2021. A total of 135 patients of both gender presenting with jaundice and having serum bilirubin ≥1.1 mg/dl, alkaline phosphatase ≥140 IU/L along with evidence of obstruction of common bile duct were included in the study. Presence of CBD stricture was confirmed through Ultrasonography or CT abdomen. Results: Age range in this study was from 20 to 80 years with mean age of 44.651±12.90 years. Female gender was dominant with 61.5% patients. Common bile duct strictures was seen in 9.6% patients. 
Diabetes-related tuberculosis strains from PIMS Hospital Islamabad pulmonology department qualitative, cross-sectional, and observational study
Get PDFBackground: Tuberculosis is one of the most common infectious diseases that patients with DM get because of their weakened immune systems. Objective: The purpose of this study was to identify the prevalence of different types of active tuberculosis among individuals with diabetes. Methodology: The Department of Pulmonology at PIMS Hospital Islamabad, which was done from January 2021 to January 2022, employed cross-sectional, observational, and qualitative techniques studied in this inquiry. Inquiries were conducted in pulmonology department outpatient clinics with patients with diabetes who satisfied the inclusion criteria (cough with or without expectoration, hemoptysis, persistent fever, and unexplained weight loss) (OPDs). All instances of immunological compensation and secondary diabetes, as well as short duration of diabetes, age less than 10 and more than 85, were disregarded. After approval was gained, a comprehensive history, clinical examination, and testing were carried out to investigate the potential of TB. SPSS version 26 was used to import all the data for further analysis. Of of the 545 patients that were questioned, 149 were selected for further TB testing. Just 18 people had active TB, according to the data (12 per cent). 
Co-Morbidities associated with hypomagnesemia and affecting in-hospital mortality in tertiary care hospital of Sindh Pakistan-2021
Get PDFBackground: Hypomagnesemia may cause severe and fatal complications if not timely diagnosed and properly treated, and associated with increased In-Hospital Mortality. Methods: A case-control study was conducted. The case definition was any patient of any age and sex having hypomagnesemia and admitted to ICU. The controls were taken in 1;2. We defined Hypomagnesemia with less than 1.46mg/dl level of magnesium and In-Hospitals mortality as the primary endpoint. Demographic, risk factor data were taken and analyzed using EPI INFO TM 7. The association was calculated using Odds Ratios and reported at 95% CI and P value less than 0.05. Results: Of 139 patients, 42 were cases. The average age was 53 years (14 to 85 Years ±16 years). Males were 72 (49%) and 78 (66%) participants were from rural setup. Diabetes mellitus was found in 33 (78%) of cases and 44 (46%) in controls, hypertension in 36 (85%) of cases and 41 (42%) of controls, dyslipidemia in 20 (48%) of cases and 37 (38%) of controls, obesity in 26 (62%) of cases and 37 (38%) of control, and anaemia in 28 (67%) of cases and 41 (42%) of control
Impact of surgical timing of postoperative ocular motility in orbital blowout fractures
Get PDFObjectives: The aim of the current study was to determine whether, using the Hess area ratio for an objective measurement of ocular motility, orbital blowout fractures should be surgically repaired. Methodology: 200 consecutive patients with ocular fractures were involved in this retrospective analysis (mean age: 27.0 years; range: 7-65 years; 150 males; 50 females). Between March 2009 and September 2017, all patients received an orbital fracture diagnosis at the Zia Uddin Hospital in Karachi, Pakistan's Department of Maxillofacial Surgery. All patients had surgery to correct the problem within 30 days of their diagnoses, and they were all monitored for at least three months afterward (mean follow-up time: 7.3 months; range: 4-60 months). Results: Out of the 200 instances, 155 patients (77.5%) had fractures of the orbital floor, 31 (15.5%) had fractures of the medial orbital wall, and 14 (7%) had fractures of both the medial and lateral orbital walls. In addition, 132 patients had fractures of the orbital depressed fragment, 58 had fractures of the orbital trap-door with imprisoned tissue, and 10 had fractures of the orbital trap-door with muscle entrapment.
Comparison of foam sclerotherapy and cyanoacrylate glue for preventing the recurrence of varicose veins
Get PDFBackground: Varicose veins are a common vascular disorder that can cause discomfort and aesthetic concerns. Cyanoacrylate glue and foam sclerotherapy are treatment modalities used to prevent recurrence of varicose veins, but their comparative effectiveness is not well established. Objective: This research compared the effectiveness of foam sclerotherapy and cyanoacrylate glue in preventing varicose vein recurrence. Methods: A randomized controlled trial was conducted from June to December 2022, including 140 participants equally divided into cyanoacrylate glue and foam sclerotherapy groups. Convenience sampling was employed to recruit participants from clinics and hospitals. Data on demographic characteristics, clinical severity, treatment outcomes, and patient satisfaction were collected and analyzed. Results: In comparison to the foam sclerotherapy group, the cyanoacrylate glue group showed considerably lower recurrence rates (10.7% vs. 14.6%), greater symptomatic recovery (88.9% vs. 82.5%), and higher aesthetic satisfaction (95.3% vs. 90.1%). Patient compliance was higher (94.2%) and pain levels were lower (2.3 out of 10) in the cyanoacrylate glue group. Conclusion: Cyanoacrylate glue treatment showed superior efficacy in preventing varicose vein recurrence, improving symptoms, and enhancing patient satisfaction compared to foam sclerotherapy
Post infectious granuloma masquerading intradural extramedullary spinal tumor: Case report
Get PDFBackground: There are several non-neoplastic lesions which mimic intradural extramedullary spinal cord neoplasm in their radiographic and clinical presentation. Intradural extramedullary granulomas are granulomas that form within the dura mater, which is the outermost protective layer surrounding the spinal cord. Variety of infections, such as Tuberculosis or Fungal infections (histoplasmosis and coccidioidomycosis), and inflammatory conditions, such as sarcoidosis, can cause granulomas to form within the dura mater. Case description: The authors report a very rare case of intradural extramedullary non-specific inflammatory lesion of unknown origin, with no signs of infection at present. However, the patient had a history of fever and backache 3 months back for which he was treated at periphery. He has recovered from fever but backache has gradually worsened. Conclusions: Intradural extramedullary lesions that mimic a tumor can be various and difficult to interpret. Preoperative MRI does not allow a certain diagnosis because these lesions have a very similar signal intensity pattern. Specific tests for infective pathologies are useful for diagnosis, but histological examination is essential for establishing a certain diagnosis. 
Exploring the anti-inflammatory and anti-pyretic potentials of methanolic and aqueous fruit extracts from ceiba speciosa
Get PDFBackground and Aim: Ceiba speciosa (C.speciosa) has been used for treating various ailments as a folklore remedy in particularly as an anti-inflammatory agent. The fruit of this plant, however, has not been extensively investigated for its pharmacological activities. Keeping in view the anti-inflammatory activity of the leaves and flowers, this study was intended to explore the anti-inflammatory potential of the fruit of this plant in rats. Materials and Methods: Carrageenan induced inflammation model was applied to study the effects of Methanol and Aqueous extract of Ceiba speciosa fruit in Wister rats of both sexes. Diclofenac sodium (10mg/kg) was used as a standard reference for this model. 9 groups of animals were made prior to the administration of methanol extract of Ceiba speciosa fruit. Yeast induced pyrexia model was used to study the anti-pyretic effect of methanol and aqueous extracts of Ceiba speciosa fruit in rats. Paracetamol (150mg/kg) was used as a standard reference for investigation of anti-pyretic effect. Results: Data compiled at the end of the study illustrated that methanol extract of C. speciosa fruit showed significant (p < 0.0001) anti-inflammatory effect at doses of 200mg/kg B.W., 400 mg/kg B.W. and 600mg/kg B.W. when related with disease control group.