International journal of health sciences
Not a member yet
9988 research outputs found
Sort by
High dose tirofiban versus standard therapy in primary PCI for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI)
Get PDFBackground: The goal of this randomized controlled study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of high-dose tirofiban compared to standard care in patients undergoing primary PCI for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Methods: This study was carried out at the Tertiary care hospital Rawalpindi (Pakistan) from June 2021 to December 2022. The administration of high-dose tirofiban or usual treatment was randomly assigned to a total of 600 individuals. The main outcome was the 30-day composite of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), that involved stroke, target vessel revascularization, repeat myocardial infarction, and all-cause mortality. Aside from problems related to bleeding, stent thrombosis was one of the secondary outcomes. Results: When compared to the group receiving conventional medication, the rate of the main endpoint was significantly reduced in the tirofiban group (5.7% vs. 10.3%, p=0.03). This was principally caused by a decline in target vessel revascularization and recurring myocardial infarction in the tirofiban category. In terms of stent thrombosis or hemorrhage problems, there wasn't no discernible difference among both groups. Conclusion: In patients receiving primary PCI for STEMI, high-dose tirofiban added to conventional treatment lowers the risk of MACE at 30 days. 
Correlation of E/E’ on echocardiography and BNP levels in diastolic dysfunction patients visiting Mardan Medical Complex
Get PDFIntroduction: Assessment of diastolic heart function can be challenging due to various factors. Doppler echocardiography is useful but has limitations, pointing to the need for more accurate tests. Tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) is a promising ultrasound technique for diastolic prediction. The E/E' ratio is commonly used to determine LV filling pressures. B-natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels may also indicate diastolic dysfunction. Aims: To compare the BNP levels with E/E' ratios in this investigation to evaluate their effectiveness in predicting LV pressures. Methodology: This study compared BNP levels with E/E' in patients with diastolic dysfunction. Patients with reduced LV function were excluded, and all participants gave informed consent. The study found that BNP levels were a useful diagnostic tool and could be compared with E/E' using ROC curves. Results: The study included 100 patients with diastolic dysfunction and excluded those with reduced LV function. The patients had a mean age of 60.51, with 60% males and 40% females. The majority of patients were in NYHA class II (56%), followed by NYHA class III (28%) and NYHA class IV (16%). The study also provided mean BNP levels for patients with different E/E' ratios. 
Bile duct injury during laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Get PDFBackground and Aim: Bile duct injuries (BDIs) are complex complications developed during laparoscopic cholecystectomy leading to the postoperative morbidity and mortality. Auxiliary bile duct injury, vascular structures injuries, portal vein, cyst duct leakage and damage to right hepatic artery are caused by bile duct injuries. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the incidence, clinical presentation, and treatment modality of bile duct injuries during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Patients and Methods: This descriptive case series was conducted on 96 extra hepatic biliary injuries in the Department of General Surgery, Rehman Medical Institute, Peshawar from April 2022 to March 2023. Patients with extra hepatic biliary injuries of either gender were enrolled. Abdominal ultrasonography, ERCP, and MRCP were the different investigating modalities performed on each individual. Complete blood picture, activated Partial thromboplastin time (APTT), liver function tests, blood sugar, prothrombin time (PT), Creatinine, serum electrolytes, and Urea were thoroughly performed on each patient. HIV, HBs, and HCV were various screening tests performed. SPSS version 27 was used for data analysis. Results: Of the total 96 patients, there were 26 (27.1%) male and 70 (72.9%) females. 
Determination of scums in medicine materials
Get PDFThe current study is describing the main degrading scums in bromazepam, diazepam, Cefixime trihydrate, cefazolin sodium, simvastatin, and lovastatin, among other materials and manufactured items. HPLC was used to characterize pharmaceutical substance scums by comparing their retention lengths to reference standards. Before deciding, they sorted all the material from its main scums. Scums fell between 1.23 to 20.57 min, and parent compounds had try values between 2.71 and 9.22. Thus, isolating and identifying these compounds takes 20 minutes. This study identified parent compounds and degradation products using HPLC after confirming the European Pharmacopeial methodology. HPLC method validation for parent pharmaceuticals and degradation scums examined specificity, linearity, precision, and accuracy. The process can be applied to commodities and waste products using each compound's values for these qualities. 98%–102% of parent and scum materials are recovered. The experimental technique repeats within 3%. In compliance with pharmacopeial and regulatory norms, scums above 0.1% must be determined for pharmaceutical safety, efficacy, and quality. It's vital due to the effects of packaging, transit, storage, and manufacturer synthetic pathways. Adjuvants may cause degradation scums. The selected drugs' raw material and finished product levels of their main degrading scums were examined, and a concentration range was provided
Changes in body composition and metabolic rate during a very low-calorie ketogenic diet and their association with weight loss
Get PDFIntroduction: The purpose of this research was to examine how a very low-calorie ketogenic diet affected body composition and metabolic rate in overweight and obese people. Method: A 12-week weight loss program using a ketogenic diet that had only a few hundred calories per day was offered to 80 participants at the Hayatabad Medical Complex in Peshawar. Participants consumed 800-1000 calories each day and were instructed to maintain a state of ketosis. Data on body composition, metabolic rate, and appetite hormones were collected at baseline and after the intervention. Results: The study's findings demonstrated that a ketogenic diet consisting of extremely few calories helped people lose a considerable amount of weight and improved their body composition and metabolic rate. Participants' weight, fat percentage, and circumference of the waist all decreased, as well as an increase in lean body mass. The metabolic rate of the participants increased, suggesting that the ketogenic diet may help with weight reduction and metabolic health. Conclusion: This research shows that an exceedingly low-calorie ketogenic diet may help those who are overweight or obese, especially those who have insulin resistance, lose weight. 
Use of platelet rich fibrin in tymapnoplasty: A prospective study
Get PDFAn observation study was undertaken at Department of Otorhinolaryngology, AIMSR fromJan 2021 – Aug 2022. The aim of my study the efficiency of use of autologous platelet rich fibrin membrane along with temporalis fascia in closure of tympanic membrane perforation during tympanopasty. All the patients attending ENT OPD at AIMSR within the age group of 11-60 years, irrespective of sex with tubotympanic CSOM either unilateral or bilateral were included in this study. In our study of 50 patients, 42 patients had graft uptake and 8 had failure of graft. Through this study we concluded that. The outcome of tympanoplasty does not depend on age and sex, dry ear of more than 6 month has a better graft
Role of air quality and pollution in the exacerbation of pulmonary diseases in type 2 diabetes
Get PDFBackground: This study aimed to investigate the role of air quality and pollution in pulmonary diseases exacerbation among 100 patients with type 2 diabetes. The study included data on air quality parameters such as PM10 and SO2 concentrations, disease comorbidities such as COPD, respiratory tract infection, and asthma collected over a period of 12 months from January 2020 to January 2021. The results of the study indicated that the prevalence of exacerbations of pulmonary diseases was significantly higher in patients with poor air quality (P<0.001). Moreover, patients with comorbid respiratory tract infection and COPD had higher rates of exacerbations in comparison with those without such diseases (P<0.001). In conclusion, this study demonstrated that air pollution is associated with increased exacerbations of pulmonary disease in type 2 diabetes. Thus, air quality should be taken into consideration when treating type 2 diabetes patients, especially those with comorbid respiratory disease. Objectives: To study the role of air quality and pollution in pulmonary diseases exacerbation in type 2 diabetes. And identify the air quality parameters associated with pulmonary diseases exacerbation in type 2 diabetes. And explain the relationship between comorbid respiratory diseases and air quality in patients with type 2 diabetes. 
Procedural time of PPCI (wire crossing time) in acute STEMI via radial approach versus femoral approach
Get PDFObjective: The study aimed to compare the procedural time (wire crossing time) of primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) in patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) using the radial approach versus the femoral approach. Study Design: A single-center, observational, retrospective cohort study was conducted. Setting: The study was carried out in the Cardiology Department of Saidu Group of Teaching Hospital (SGTH) in the period from July, 2022 TO December, 2022. Methods: Medical records of patients with acute STEMI who underwent PPCI using either the radial or femoral approach were retrospectively reviewed. Demographic, clinical, and procedural data were collected, and the primary outcome was the procedural time (wire crossing time) for each approach. Results: A total of 276 patients were included in the study, with 137 in the radial approach group and 139 in the femoral approach group. The mean procedural time (wire crossing time) was significantly longer in the radial approach group (29.6 ± 7.3 minutes) compared to the femoral approach group (24.2 ± 6.5 minutes), p<0.001. Conclusion: In patients with acute STEMI undergoing PPCI, the radial approach was associated with a longer procedural time (wire crossing time) compared to the femoral approach. 
Impact of the doctors’ and non-doctors’ leadership on patient-care
Get PDFBackground: There has been little attention to how organizational structure and leadership contribute to value in health care organizations, although general strategies for promoting value in health care organizations have been described. Objective: The current study aimed to assess the impact of doctors and non-doctor’s leadership on patient care in Pakistan. Methodology: In-depth interview were conducted in different hospitals of the Pakistan and a single instrumental case study approach was selected. For sample selection, a non-probability sampling technique called purposive or selective sampling technique was used. All extracted data was subjected to thematic analysis. Results: Participants were interviewed from all the provinces. Majority of the hospitals were managed by non-doctors. Adequate infrastructure, no appropriate laws, communication gap was observed in the current study. Conclusion: The current study shows that in Pakistan health care system upper-level management is comprised of non-technical professionals (non-doctors), and most of Pakistan's hospitals do not have adequate infrastructure, are not governed by appropriate laws, have a communication gap, are not adequately providing health care or doing so inadequately, have shortage of leadership, and upper level and lower level are interdependent. 
Effect of citalopram on sex hormones and testicular histomorphology in male albino rats: An experimental study
Get PDFIntroduction: Citalopram, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), is commonly used as a first-line treatment for depression. However, the potential effects of Citalopram on testicular histo-morphology and hormone levels have not been extensively studied. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of Citalopram on the microscopic structure of the testes and the levels of serum testosterone, luteinizing hormone (LH), and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) in male albino rats. Aims: The primary objective of this study was to assess the effects of Citalopram on testicular histo-morphology using the Johnson scoring system. The secondary objective was to measure the levels of serum testosterone, LH, and FSH in rats treated with varying doses of Citalopram. Methodology: A total of 25 healthy male albino rats were divided into five groups: control, group I, group II, group III, and group IV. The rats in groups I to IV were orally administered 10 mg, 20 mg, 30 mg, and 40 mg of Citalopram, respectively, while the control group received oral distilled water. The dosages were adjusted based on the suggested doses for humans and scaled according to the rats' weight.