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Predictor variables of abnormal imaging findings of syncope in the emergency department
Get PDFAssessing diagnostic success of head CT in studied cases who present to emergency room with syncope. 117 studied cases presenting with syncopal event had no head CT results that had been clinically relevant, but those with competing indications for head CT—like those with history of trauma, seizures, changes in mental status, or studied cases with neurologic deficit on initial evaluation—were not included. Out of forty-four studied cases with syncope who received head CT on ED orders, 1 studied case had indications of an infarction. After removing studied cases with persistently changed mental status, drug-related or post-traumatic loss of consciousness, seizure, or hypoglycemia, diagnostic yield of five percent aberrant head CT findings is also required
Brief communication: Indications and use of adjustable tracheal cannulas
Get PDFAdjustable tracheal cannulas are effective for airway management in patients with abundant pretracheal soft tissue due to obesity, trauma, or scarcity resulting from emaciation, by adjusting their movable flange. For patients with tracheal anomalies, such as constriction, deviation, or when the tip of a tracheal cannula attaches to the tracheal wall where the innominate artery transverses, it is also useful to adjust the position of the tip. However, a loose movable flange can result in accidental extubation. Therefore, understanding these indications is necessary. Head computed tomography (CT) examination and cervical echography, which show pretracheal soft tissue, tracheal deviation, and constriction, are effective indications. Moreover, exchange for extra-length cannulas should be considered after confirming the necessary length because long-term usage increases the risk of accidental extubation
Frequency and risk factors of hepatitis B and C among pregnant women: An observational study
Get PDFAim: To determine the frequency and risk factors of HCV and HBV in pregnant women. Material and methods: An observational study was conducted at Gynecology Department Sheikh Zayed Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan, Punjab for six months in the duration from January, 2023 to June, 2023. Pregnant women of age 18 to 40 years were enrolled. Screening was done for HCV and HBV using ELISA method. Frequency of HCV and HBV were determined along with risk factors. Results: Mean age recorded was 29.11±6.93 years. The frequency of Hepatitis C was 12 (8%) Hepatitis B was 27 (18%). Surgical procedure and blood transfusion were statistically significant with HCV while dental procedure among the risk factors were statistically significant with HBV. Conclusion: Frequency of Hepatitis C and Hepatitis B virus in our study was 12 (8%) and 27 (18%) respectively in pregnant women. Associated factors with HCV were surgical procedures and blood transfusion while dental procedures were significantly associated with HBV
Histomorphological study of mucormycosis in COVID-19 patients
Get PDFBackground: Mucormycosis is a rapidly progressive angioinvasive fungal infection which has a high rate of mortality and morbidity. Mucormycosis most commonly invades the nose and paranasal sinuses presenting as rhinosinusitis. We noted an upsurge in the number of patients affected with Mucormycosis during Covid-19 infection era. Aim: Our study aims to illustrate the histopathology of Mucormycosis in post-Covid-19 patients and also to study the fungal morphology by utilizing special stains. Materials and Methods: We prospectively analysed the histopathological findings of fungal elements in 260 different histopathological samples of mucormycosis in post-covid-19 patients. The clinical and histopathological findings were noted and tabulated. Statistical Analysis Used: The data collected was tabulated and coded in Microsoft excel. All the data of demographic and clinical characteristics were analysed by descriptive statistics and percentage. Tables and graphs were added wherever applicable. Results: Out of 260 cases analysed, most of the patients presented with periorbital swelling followed by headache and nasal block. Histopathologically, most of the cases showed chronic inflammatory reaction with wide areas of necrosis and granuloma formation. The fungal elements have been appreciated and sensitivity of different stains to appreciate the fungal structures have been compared.
The impact of patient-centered care on the patient experience
Get PDFHealthcare providers are not combining their knowledge of mental health symptoms and treatments with their patients' individual needs and preferences. This can apply to all aspects of health services, and a number of policies increasingly support the concept of "patient-centered care." We talk about the role of organizational climate in supporting the move towards patient-centered care and look at some of the relevant research in the field. Contemporary healthcare practice emphasizes a model of care that values patient preferences and inclusion; however, this is a relatively recent development. The antecedents of this care model have deep roots. Over two decades ago, some healthcare providers recognized that patient priorities are not always aligned with clinical outcomes
Atherogenic risk in premature canities among college students India
Get PDFIntroduction: Appearance of gray hair before the age of 25 years in Asian population considered as premature canities. The degree of hair graying is a risk factor for coronary artery disease. Studies says that visible ageing sign reflects the poor cardiovascular health status irrespective of the chronological ageing. However datas on the role of premature canities is not well established and datas were sparse. Hence the aim of the present study is (i) to evaluate the atherogenic risk in premature canities and (ii) to understand the inter relationship of premature canities with history of diabetes and hypertension Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from June 2021 to October 2021 among the college students studying at ACS Medical College & Hospital, Chennai, India. Subjects with vitiligo, premature graying syndrome, Autoimmune thyroid disease or under treatment for any clinical conditions were excluded from this study. The Inclusion criteria were healthy volunteers of aged < 25 years. The study was approved by the institutional ethics committee. After obtaining informed consent demographic parameters were collected in preformed proforma. Fasting blood samples were collected in plain tubes and analyzed for lipid profile, total protein, albumin, thyroid profile. Atherogenic Index of plasma (AIP) calculated. 
Physiological interaction of SARS-CoV-2 binding to the ACE-2 receptor
Get PDFFor a better knowledge of how viruses enter cells, the associations that are created between the viral glycoproteins and associated human receptors must be studied. The spike glycoprotein (S-glycoprotein) of the new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 mediates entrance into host cells, and the cellular receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE-2) has been discovered.The goal of our research was to evaluate the physiological interactions between the SARSCoV-2 and the human cell receptor ACE-2.Modifications were discovered in the S1 monomer of the receptor-binding domain of spikes using an in silico analysis. The observed modifications have a considerable impact on the interlinkage between the SARS-CoV-2 spike and ACE-2. According to the research outcome, the SARS-Cov-2 spikes proteinhas a strong attraction for the human ACE-2 receptor than the Bat-CoV spikes does. Further, the presence of two loops throughout the SARS-CoV-2 receptor binding domain (RBD) may facilitate binding to the ACE-2 (receptor)throughenhancing the quantity of atoms implicated. The reason SARS-CoV-2 binds to substrates with higher binding energies than SARS-CoV may be due to longer capping loops and changed amino acids
Comparison of rates of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) between normal vaginal delivery and cesarean section modes of delivery in Adwianiyah Province, Iraq
Get PDFBackground: The list of risk factors in association with DDH includes: positive family history, abnormalities in the uterus, large for gestational age, breech presentation and female gender. Female babies are four times more liable for the condition in comparison with boys that may be caused by ligamentous laxity from mother hormones. Breech presentation has been identified as the most important risk factor with an odds ratio of 5.47 and this risk can be reduced by decreasing time of being breach such as external cephalic version procedure. Postmaturity has been also identified as a risk factor. A variety of gene mutations have been identified as risk factors for DDH. Aim of the study: The current study was conducted in order to figure out the difference in the incidence rate of DDH between cesarean section and vaginal delivery mode. Patients and methods: The current study was conducted in Adiwaniyah Children and Maternity Teaching Hospital at Adiwaniyah Province, Iraq. The work with this research is dated back to September 2021 and it has continued till November 2022. The researches made retrieval of reports of women who gave birth during the period extending from January 2010 till December 2020
Comparison of diagnostic accuracy of magnetic resonance spectroscopy with conventional magnetic resonance imaging for brain tumors and correlation with histopathology as gold standard
Get PDFBackground; Despite a large number of revolutionized advancements in Imaging technology clinicians are unable to get hundred percent accurate results. Multiple limitations have been observed in Imaging modalities. Multiple published trials are available online on the evaluations of these imaging modalities individually and in combinations to find out the level of accuracy of these technologies. Objective; This study was design to compare the diagnostic accuracy of MR Spectroscopy with MRI which is a conventional diagnostic tool for brain tumor diagnosis while keeping the Histopathology evaluation as Gold Standard. Methodology; The patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were included in study. All scans were carried out on GE 1.5 Tesla MR Scanner using head coil. Axial T1W, T2W, Fluid Attenuated Inversion Recovery (FLAIR), Sagittal T2W, Coronal Fluid Attenuation. Inversion Recovery (FLAIR) and T1W post- contrast Axial, Coronal and Sagittal images were acquired. MR spectroscopy was performed through single voxel technique. Final diagnosis was made on histopathology results. The reports of biopsy were co related with radiological diagnosis of MRI and MRS. Results; The study was conducted with 150 suspected cases. There were 85(56.7%) males and 65(43.3%) females. Histopathology 100(66.7%) cases were confirmed positive and 50(33.3%) negative. 
Effect of dexmedetomidine as an adjuvant to 0.5% bupivacaine in brachial plexus block
Get PDFBackground: The upper extremity surgery is the most common indication of supraclavicular brachial plexus block. It is superior, provides long lasting analgesia and avoids potential side effects of general anaesthesia such as nausea, vomiting, dental trauma, sore throat, allergic reactions and intra operative hemodynamics. Objectives: To compare the time of onset and duration of block using 0.5% Bupivacaine alone and with Dexmedetomidine as an adjuvant. To determine the hemodynamic status of patients when Dexmedetomidine is used as an adjuvant to 0.5%Bupivacainein Brachial Plexus Block. Materials and methods: We studied 64 ASA I & II patients undergoing upper limb surgeries under supraclavicular brachial plexus block done by ultrasound guidance technique. Patients were randomly allocated to two groups by lott picking method. Group B :( n-32) – 20 ml0.5%bupivacaine+1mL normal saline. Group BD: (n-32) – 20ml0.5% bupivacaine + Dexmedetomidine 50mcg. Patients were evaluated for sensory & motor block onset and duration, duration of analgesia, hemodynamic parameters including non-invasive blood pressure, pulse rate, saturation intraoperatively and postoperatively. Results: The onset of sensory and motor block was faster in group BD (10.31 +/- 3.79 minsand15.72 +/- 4.75 mins respectively) when compared to group B (18.44 +/- 4.43 minsand 26.25 +/- 5.95 mins respectively)