International journal of health sciences
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Leadership skills in postgraduate medical residents: Assessment of leadership training needs of resident trainees in Pakistan
Get PDFBackground of the Study: Safe patient care is the fundamental objective of every healthcare facility by the services provided by high performing healthcare providers with effective leadership skills. Leadership competencies are considered now as essential for all medical trainees, not only to face challenges at individual level but it also helps them solving certain institutional and interpersonal challenges. Aim: To assess the current leadership training needs of postgraduate medical resident undergoing training in different hospitals of the Pakistan. Methods: This was a cross-sectional online quantitative survey. A request link of online google survey form was sent to the residents through social media residents’ groups and through email addresses of residents to fill the form. Results: A total of 67 residents of all years completed the survey. Mean age of the residents was 30.63 ±3.87, with about 81% being male and 84% were getting done their residency training in specialty related to medicine and allied. On a Likert scale (1 = strongly disagree, 3 = neutral, 5 = strongly agree), residents rated the importance of leadership skills in the clinical setting as high (4.15 of 5). 
Oral alterations among children with congenital zika virus syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Get PDFBackground and aim: the aim of present study was evaluating the oral alterations in children with congenital Zika syndrome -associated microcephaly compared to the group of children without this problem. Method: all international databases, PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, ISI, and Embase were examined, searching between 2015 to March 2023 based on keywords related to the objectives of the study. Stata/MP v.17 software was used to conduct the meta-analysis. Result: After reviewing the abstracts of 177 articles, 21 articles were selected for full text review, of which 5 articles were included in the meta-analysis. Odds ratio of delayed tooth eruption between children with congenital Zika syndrome group and control group was 1.79 (OR, 1.79 95% CI 1.33, 2.25; p<0.001). Children with congenital Zika syndrome -associated microcephaly, compared to healthy children, had 2.15 (OR, 2.15 95% CI 1.62, 2.67; p<0.001) times chance of palate alteration. Conclusion: chance of delay in deciduous dental eruption, difficulty in lip sealing, palate alteration and ankyloglossia in children with CZS-associated microcephaly was significantly more than the control group
Effect of exer gaming on rehabilitation of patient with Parkinson’s disease
Get PDFParkinson's disease affects the nervous system. It is described as a chronic, progressive condition brought on by a decrease in the number of dopamine neural receptors. Parkinson's disease incidence primarily rises with age, peaking between the ages of 70 and 79, but it stabilises in people in their 80s. Virtual Reality is given to Patients with Parkinson’s disease to help alleviate their overall symptoms of illness and improve their quality of life. From the 1960s to the beginning of the 21st century, virtual reality undergoes a four-decade transformation from sensoroma to augmented reality. The objective of the study is to determine the effect of Virtual reality in the rehabilitation of Parkinson’s disease. The study design is Quasi-experimental. Diagnosed patients of Parkinson’s disease (n=30) up to stage 4 of the Hoehn and Yahr scale were selected by purposive sampling techniques. Then these 30 selected were given to play a game of virtual reality that is Microsoft Kinect for 6 weeks, 4 days a week in Railway General Hospital. Baseline measurement tools were the Modified Unified Parkinson Disease rating scale, Modified Hoehn and Yahr rating scale and Schwab and England activities of daily life. 
The impact of incentives on employee performance and job satisfaction at Madinah General Hospital
Get PDFThe aim of this study was to identify the incentive system used by public hospitals in Saudi Arabia and its impact on employee performance and satisfaction in Medina General Hospital in particular. The study also aimed to determine the contribution of material and moral incentives provided to employees in Medina General Hospital, as well as to identify the extent to which incentives are applied in reality in the hospital and their impact on improving the performance and satisfaction of employees in Medina General Hospital. The study population included all employees in Medina General Hospital, and the study used simple random sampling. The sample size was 100 individuals. The study found a statistically significant negative correlation between incentives and job performance at 0.01, with job performance in Medina General Hospital increasing by 0.479% for every 1% increase in incentives applied. Similarly, there was a statistically significant negative correlation between incentives and job satisfaction at 0.01, with job satisfaction in Medina General Hospital increasing by 0.411% for every 1% increase in incentives applied. 
Effect of triamcinolone acetonide in trigeminal neuralgia (TN) pain
Get PDFBackground: Trigeminal neuralgia is a form of neuropathic pain caused by trigeminal nerve. Anticonvulsants are primary class of pharmaceuticals used to treat pain in trigeminal neuralgia patients. Another conservative treatment option for controlling this pain includes blocking of nerve. Objectives: To determine how trigeminal neuralgia patients respond to triamcinolone acetonide. Methods: The department of oral and maxillofacial surgery at de'Montmorency College of Dentistry/Punjab dental hospital conducted a cross-sectional study over a six-month period. 35 study participants underwent a clinical examination along with a history-taking process. Written consent was obtained. After gathering the necessary information, the affected nerve was identified followed by the administration of local anesthesia. The most painful area was identified and 5 mL of bupivacaine and 40 mg of triamcinolone acetonide was administered at that side. After five minutes, the participant's level of pain was assessed, and they were contacted back for follow-up after seven days. Every item on the post-op list of targeted goals was checked off in the participant's questionnaire at the follow-up day. With SPSS version 24, the statistical analysis was completed. Results: There were 35 participants in the study overall, with the majority of them being in their 40s or 50s. 
The effectiveness of non-Invasive ventilation in Covid-19 patients
Get PDFBackground: Endotracheal intubation is avoided more often with noninvasive ventilation (NIV) in COVID-19 patients with hypoxemia. An endotracheal or tracheostomy tube is not required to use the NIV to deliver mechanical ventilation. When inflating the lungs for oxygenation, positive pressure is provided directly to the airway while negative pressure is applied externally to the abdomen and thorax to draw air into the lungs. Methods: The study was using a quasi-experimental (single-group pre- and post-test design) and sequential sampling approach. Patients hospitalised to the corona complex at LRH-MTI in Peshawar and who tested positive for COVID 19 PCR were selected for the study. Results: There were 34.8 percent of people in the study between the ages of 30 and 45, 38.5 percent between the ages of 46 and 60, and 26.2 percent between the ages of 61 and 75. Co-infections with a positive COVID-19 PCR were found in 47.8% (66) of patients. Overall, 53.6% of patients showed significant improvement after receiving NIV and were subsequently released. For 46.4% of these patients, the NIV did not work, leading to intubation or death. Co-existing diseases were present in the majority of individuals whose NIV attempts were unsuccessful. 
Timing and outcomes after coronary angiography following out of hospital cardiac arrest without sings of ST segment elevation myocardial infarction
Get PDFLess than 10% of individuals who experience out-of-hospital cardiac arrest survive to be discharged from the hospital, making it 1 of leading causes of mortality globally. Less than 40% of individuals with returned of spontaneous circulation who are hospitalised survive. One of the pillars of care for postcardiac arrests is determining & treatment of underlying reason for arrest. this can entail delay in cause-directed treatment if the cause is not always immediately evident. Adults most frequently develop OHCA due to cardiac disease, among which abrupt coronary occlusion is prevalent in aetiology. Early coronary angiography & revascularization are related to increased survival in this cohort because significant fraction of studied cases with ST-segment elevation on initial electrocardiogram after ROSC have acute coronary blockage. Numerous recommendations urge immediate angiography following OHCA with ST elevation following ROSC. incidence of acute coronary occlusion has been significantly lower in individuals without ST elevation after ROSC, & advantages of early angiography have been less certain in these studied cases. percentage of people who experience OHCA without ST elevation is substantially higher & includes people who experience cardiac arrest due to non-cardiac reasons such pulmonary embolism, hypoxia, & drunkenness
Attitudes towards the children immunization at population level in Sheikh Maltoon Town, Mardan, KPK
Get PDFIntroduction: Vaccine is a substance used to stimulate the production of antibodies and provide immunity against one or several diseases, prepared from causative agent of disease, its products or a synthetic substitute, treated to act as an antigen without inducing the disease. In current world, vaccine is the most effective method of preventing infectious disease. It is also one of the cost effective method against high morbid diseases. Although despite its effectiveness, proper vaccination has not been achieved. This could be the result of defect in the any step in the conduction of vaccination of process but the most important factor affecting vaccination is attitudes of population towards immunization and different barriers for population for achieving proper vaccination. Our study is important because so far, there is no such study done in the setting of sheikh maltoon town, Mardan, KPK. Objectives: Our objectives were: 1) To determine the different attitudes of parents towards children immunization, 2) To determine different myths and beliefs regarding immunization. Methodology: The study design used for the study was cross-sectional, conducted in the setting of sheikh maltoon town, mardan, kpk. 
Association of workplace support on breastfeeding self-efficacy among working mothers of Attock City
Get PDFObjective: To find out the association of workplace support on breastfeeding self-efficacy among working mothers of Attock city and the association of breastfeeding self-efficacy with their socio-demographics. Methodology: The study employed a cross-sectional study design. Data were gathered from public & private organizations including secondary care hospitals, banks, schools, colleges/universities, and parlors of Attock city. It was a six months’ study from July to September 2021.The study was conducted with 369 working mothers. A consecutive non-probability sampling technique was used. Data was collected by a validated tool, which consisted of two questionnaires: WBBSS (workplace breastfeeding support scale) and BSEF-SF (breastfeeding self-efficacy scale short form) questionnaire. Data analysis was done through SPSS version 20. Pearson Correlation was employed to determine the association between support at the workplace and the self-efficacy of breastfeeding. Results: Statistically significant relationship between workplace support for breastfeeding and maternal self-efficacy (r= 0.375 and p-value= 0.0001). Conclusion: Support at the workplace was significantly related to the self-efficacy of breastfeeding. Further research is required to understand breastfeeding policies at a workstation that increase the self-efficacy of working mothers in attaining their goals of breastfeeding
An empirical investigation of the relationship between consanguineous marriage and prevalence of β-thalassemia in Punjab, Pakistan: A cross-sectional study
Get PDFIt is a striking fact that β-thalassemia has become a common single gene disorder among the children. Among the contributing factors, overwhelmed practice of consanguineous marriage is one of the most prominent reason of the high rate prevalence of β-thalassemia in Pakistan. Therefore, the present research was conducted to investigate the relationship between consanguineous marriage and prevalence of β-thalassemia in Punjab, Pakistan. The nature of study was cross-sectional and quantitative. The study was conducted in the Children’s Hospital, Lahore and Multan. Purposive sampling technique was used and sample of 300 parents was drawn. A well-structured research questionnaire was used to collect the data from the parents. The results indicate that rate of β –Thalassemia is significantly higher (76.7%) in first cousin marriage as compared to the second cousin marriage (23.3%). The trend of thalassemia major among male patients is higher (76.31%) in first cousin marriage as compared to the second cousin marriage (23.69%). Similarly, the prevalence of thalassemia Intermedia is significantly prevalent higher (67.5%) among male patients in first cousin marriage as compared to the second cousin marriage. The above findings can be concluded that there was a strong relationship between consanguineous marriage and prevalence of β-thalassemia in Punjab, Pakistan.