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Frequency of anemia in patients presenting with ulcerative colitis
Get PDFIntroduction: Anemia appears to be the most common extra intestinal manifestation of inflammatory bowel disease and has been associated with a wide range of complications such as impaired quality of life, an increased rate of hospital admissions and even mortality. Objective: To determine the frequency of anemia in patients presenting with ulcerative colitis. Material and methods;This Cross Sectional Study was conducted in the Department of Gastroenterology, ATH, Abbottabad from 20th September 2020 to 20th March 2021. A total of 109 patients of both gender with ulcerative colitis were included in the study. Venous blood was collected from all patients in sodium EDTA tube by a 3rd year resident and was immediately sent to hospital laboratory. Hemoglobin < 11 g/dL was recorded as anemia and noted. Results: Age range in this study was from 18 to 60 years with mean age of 41.550±6.56 years, mean duration of complain was 9.862±2.57 months and mean weight was 80.091±7.60 Kg. Male patients were 63.3% and females were 36.7%. Anemia was observed in 14.7% Patients presenting with ulcerative colitis. Conclusion: In conclusion, we found a high incidence and prevalence of anaemia in patients presenting with ulcerative colitis
Fatty liver and acute pancreatitis severity: A prospective analysis utilizing computerized tomographic scan
Get PDFIntroduction: Fatty liver (FL) is often recognized in patients with acute pancreatitis (AP) and is frequently found in clinical practice because of substantial variables that put one at risk of complications. Aim: To evaluate the severity of acute pancreatitis in patients with and without fatty liver using CT severity index. Methodology: In this prospective study was carried out from June 2020 till December 2022. Liver and spleen mean attenuation values were examined using plain CT scans abdomen of patients with AP. Fatty liver was defined as a mean Hounsfield Unit (HU) liver/spleen) ratio < 1. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) scan and CT Severity Index (CTSI) to grade the severity of AP. Analyzed information in SPSS. Degree of significance was determined using the chi-square test. Results: This study comprised of 100 Patients with AP (88 (88.0%) males and 32 (32.0%) female, mean age 34.68 12.762 years), 46 (46.0%) had FL and 54 (54.0%), without FL. Patients with FL experienced much worse pancreatitis than patients without FL. Acute edematous pancreatitis (39.4% vs. 60.6%) and acute necrotic collections (58.8% vs. 41.2%) were observed in patients with FL and without FL respectively. Conclusion: The severity of acute pancreatitis is significantly influ
Knowledge and perception attributes about halitosis and its treatment modalities among undergraduate students of dentistry and medicine: An analytical cross-sectional study
Get PDFBackground: A worldwide halitosis frequency of 10% - 30% is a common oral health complaint. Bad breath is described as a persistent condition in which a person's oral emissions are unpleasant or disagreeable. It not only hinders the person's ability to go about their routine activities, but also causes them shame and lowers their self-esteem, which in turn lowers their overall quality of life. Objective: The purpose of this study is to investigate how students majoring in dentistry and medicine see their own halitosis. Methodology: The students inducted in Bachelors in Medicine & Bachelors in Surgery (MBBS), and Bachelors in Dental Surgery (BDS) programs at various Teaching Institutes in Rawalpindi participated in this descriptive cross-sectional analytical epidemiological study. Around 500 undergraduates were given a self-administered questionnaire. Results: In our study, 96 (22.54%) were male students and 330 (77.46%) were female students respectively. 62 (64.6%) male and 255 (77.3%) female students from a variety of disciplines were familiar with the term ‘Halitosis’. 29 students (6.8%) said that halitosis had a mild impact, 189 students (44.36%) said that it had a moderate effect whereas 206 students (48.35%) rendered it as a major severe significant factor affecting their social life deleteriously
Evaluation of postnatal care consultation services for postpartum mothers at the department of obstetrics, national hospital of obstetrics and gynecology in Vietnam
Get PDFObjective: To determine the care needs of postpartum mothers in the first week after childbirth. Subjects and Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 205 mothers giving birth normally at the Department of Obstetrics, Central Maternity Hospital. Results: 53.2% of postpartum mothers felt confident in caring for their babies, while 27.3% lacked confidence in baby care. 56.6% of mothers expressed a need for advice on postpartum diet, and 20.0% had specific daily menu consultation needs. Postpartum mothers expressed concerns about both monitoring the health of the baby and breast-related issues, with a rate of 36.1%. 39.5% of mothers desired the hospital to provide general services for mother and baby care, and 21.5% wished for the hospital to offer a full range of counseling and care services for mother and baby. 42.4% of mothers planned to use hospital services after discharge. Conclusion: Many postpartum mothers have needs for postpartum counseling and care services for both mothers and newborns. Healthcare professionals need to provide detailed advice on department services so that mothers can be informed and efficiently register for services
A randomized controlled trial for comparing the results of early endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography and conservative treatment in patients with acute gallstone pancreatitis
Get PDFIntroduction: Gallstone pancreatitis is one of the most dangerous complications of gallstone disease with a high risk of complications and death. Therefore, accurate diagnosis and timely management of acute gallstone pancreatitis are very important. Most guidelines recommend urgent ERCP in cases of biliary obstruction with cholangitis. However, the best time to perform an ERCP in patients suffering from acute gallstone pancreatitis without cholangitis is not universally agreed upon. Aim: The purpose of this study was to compare the outcomes of early ERCP versus conservative management in patients with acute gallstone pancreatitis in terms of complications, mortality, and length of hospital stays. Materials and Methods: A randomized controlled trial was carried out at the Suez Canal University Hospitals between January 2020 and January 2022. After meeting the inclusion criteria, forty patients were enrolled in this study and were allocated randomly into ERCP and Conservative groups. A written informed consent form was taken from all patients. Patient demographics, symptoms, and a detailed history were all collected. Laboratory tests were performed and reported. ERCP's findings were reported. A total of 40 patients were included in the study. The average age was 42 years in the ERCP group and 39 in the conservative group
Insight into the molecular pathogenesis of odontogenic tumours
Get PDFOdontogenic tumors, derived from epithelial, ectomesenchymal, and/or mesenchymal elements of the tooth-forming apparatus, constitute a heterogeneous group of lesions, including hamartomas, benign and malignant neoplasms with metastatic capabilities. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the molecular events in the pathogenesis of odontogenic tumors. The reasonable and better understanding of the molecular components may prompt new ideas for their detection and administrating a better prognosis of odontogenic tumors
An endoscopic study on portal hypertensive colopathy in cirrhotic patients
Get PDFBackground and Aim: Liver Cirrhosis patients are more prone to lower gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding hypothetically caused by portal hypertensive colopathy (PHC) and anorectal varices (ARVs). The present study aimed to determine the incidence of colopathic lesions and investigate their association with cirrhosis severity and portal hypertensive colopathy manifestation. Patients and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out on 80 liver cirrhosis patients in the Department of Gastrointestinal, CMH Hospital Lahore from January 2021 to December 2022. Individuals aged >18 years with liver cirrhosis were enrolled. Each individual underwent laboratory, clinical, and ultrasonographic examinations. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy was used to detect the PHC. Based on the colopathic lesions severity, patients were categorized into three grades: grade I (colonic mucosa), grade II (mucosa with mosaic-like pattern), and grade III (angiodysplasia-like colon lesions). SPSS version 27 was used for data analysis. Results: The overall mean age was 48.62±5.6 years with an age range 19 to 70 years. Of the total patients, there were 60 (75%) male and 20 (25%) females. Child-Pugh classification of patients were as follows: Class A 16 (20%), Class B 29 (36.3%), and Class C 35 (43.7%). 
Prevalence of depression in patients on hemodialysis
Get PDFObjective: To determine the prevalence of depression in patients undergoing hemodialysis. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Place and Duration: Institute of Kidney Diseases Hayatabad, Peshawar and PAF Hospital Islamabad for the duration from December 2021 to May 2022. Methodology: Two hundred and twenty patients on hemodialysis of either gender with ages 25-70 years were enrolled. Detailed demographics were recorded after taking informed written consent. Patients' Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) questions were used to determine the frequency of depression. Severity of depression was also examined. Data was analyzed by SPSS 24.0. Results: There were 135 (61.36%) males while 85 (38.64%) patients were females. Mean age of patients was 46.85±12.38 years. Mean time duration of hemodialysis was 5.25±2.46 years. Depression was found in 160 (72.73%) patients, among them 30 (13.64%) patients had mild, 75 (34.09%) had moderate and 55 (25%) had severe depression. Patients on hemodialysis less than 5 years found more depressive as compared to >5 years. (p-value <0.05). Conclusion: It is concluded that the prevalence of depression in patients of hemodialysis was high
Incidence of neurological deficits of post spinal surgery syndrome
Get PDFBackground: Post spinal surgery syndrome (PSSS) is characterized by chronic discomforts post one or more spine operations. Despite advancements in surgical technology, failure rate of back operations has not decreased. These conditions may occur preoperatively, intraoperatively, and postoperatively. Objectives: The primary purpose of this investigation was to ascertain the incidence and causes of neurological complications in patients who have undergone spinal surgery and subsequently developed PSSS. Methods: Cross sectional research was performed at Mardan Medical Complex, Mardan, comprising 82 patients (50 males and 32 females). X-ray studies, MRI, and electromyography was the tool for initial lumbar surgery to confirm the initial diagnosis. Participants were requested to submit the questionnaire and then, their scores were calculated and analyzed as per standard protocols. Results: The potential causes of PSSS, indicated 16 (19.5%) patients with incorrect diagnosis, 24 (29.3%) of the due to surgical technical errors, 10 (12.2%) due to improper pre-operative patient selection and 20 (24.4%) as a result of recurrent disc herniation after surgery. The frequency of cases of complications was spinal fusion (64.09%), followed by kinesiophobia (47.38%), laminectomy (45.98%), depression (40.3%), numbness in lower limbs (36.9%), myelopathy (14.5%) and other neurological deficits (12.56%). 
Hygienic practices among consultant anesthetists in teaching hospitals of Sindh Pakistan: A cross-sectional survey
Get PDFBackground: Infection susceptibility during anesthesia administration and surgical procedures continues to be a primary cause of morbidity and mortality, despite the advent of prophylactic antibiotics and advanced technology. During surgery, nosocomial infections frequently result in sepsis, highlighting the importance of Operation Theatre (OT) sanitation. Objectives: To evaluate the hygienic practices of anesthesiologists operating in teaching hospitals in Sindh, Pakistan. Methods: Using cross-sectional design, six-month survey of consultant anesthetists in Sindh's numerous educational institutions was conducted. A thorough, self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data on aspects of sanitation practices including knowledge of infection control, existing practices, perceived obstacles, and adherence to guidelines. Utilizing a sequential sampling procedure, participants meeting specific eligibility criteria were selected to represent a wide range of demographics, socioeconomic statuses, and healthcare delivery contexts. Results: The study contributed to closing the disparity between global standards and actual practices, thereby aligning with the global initiative to improve anesthesia hygiene practices. A total of 83 consultants were approached, but 18 declined, culminating in the analysis of data from 65 participants. Their mean age was 49.27+11.17 years. Participants were predominantly employed in private institutions (n=43) and had an average of 13.97 (SD=10.24) years of experience (p> 0.05).