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Impact of clowning with children and adolescents in confinement according to the KINDL-r questionnaire revised version
Get PDFBackground: The COVID-19 pandemic forced measurement such as confinement. This article presents results of online clown workshops developed during confinement between October 2020 and August 2021 with children and adolescents of low socioeconomic status in Chile, which main aim was to promote children and adolescents’ quality of life. Methods: Using a quantitative approach, a quasi-experimental design of a single group and a pre-posttest design, the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire and the KINDL-r Questionnaire revised version were used. One hundred and twenty-three caregivers responded the pretest, and 73 the posttest. Results: Results revealed that 28% of participants improved their self-esteem, 26% significantly increased their physical and emotional well-being, 18% improved their family well-being, and 16% the well-being associated with friends. Conclusion: These positive findings are consistent with literature about effects of clowns working in healthcare settings. However, more research is needed in other contexts
Keloid with intra-lesional steroid injection: Trying a new way
Get PDFIntroduction: Keloids are the result of an overgrowth of dense fibrous tissue that usually develops after healing of a skin injury. The exact pathogenesis of Keloids is unknown and their occurrence is spontaneous. The uncontrolled overgrowth of dense fibrous tissue extends beyond the borders of original wound and does not regress. No single therapeutic modality has been proven to be most effective for treatment therefore this study is plan to use intralesional steroids injection in keloid and measure the efficacy and to see if it is a better and cost effective method and also to determine its utility for clinical practice in dermatology in future. Objective: To determine the efficacy of intralesional steroid injections in keloids with dental syringe. Settings: Dermatology department, Jinnah Medical College Hospital in outpatient department (OPD). Duration: 06 months from 14th April’2018 to 14th Oct’ 2018. Design: Cohort Study. Subject and Methods: A total of 79 patients with having keloid were included in this study. During each visit, the size of the keloid was recorded centimeter using the Vernier's calipers, in terms of length, breadth, and height Injection triamcinolone acetonide was used in strength of 40 mg/ml
CRISPR/Cas-9 and its therapeutic applications in Onco-viral diseases: A promising tool in cancer management
Get PDFThe CRISPR/Cas9 technique is one of the gene-editing tools. The CRISPR/Cas9 method is favoured by many due to its high degree of adaptability and precision when cutting and pasting DNA. It makes it possible to carry out genetic engineering on an unprecedented scale at a very low cost, which is one of the reasons why it is so popular. It differs from previous methods of genetic engineering in that it permits the addition or deletion of multiple genes simultaneously. Additionally, it is unique in that it is not species-specific, allowing it to be applied to organisms that were previously resistant to genetic engineering. CRISPR/Cas9 has emerged as a potent strategy for altering the genome, and it has been extensively utilized in a variety of cell lines. CRISPR/Cas9 creation of cell and animal models laid the groundwork for the clinical trials that might have treated the tumor. The technology of genome editing through CRISPR-Cas9 holds great promise for preventing tumor migration, invasion, and even treatment. However, its clinical application is constrained by the possibility of an off-target effect, necessitating an effective ethical review. The research and limitations of cancer clinical trials are discussed, as are the molecular mechanisms of CRISPR/Cas9
Pre-And post-Androgen deprivation lipid profiles of men with prostate cancer A multi-center study
Get PDFIntroduction: Dyslipidemia is the primary cause of hospitalization and death in men with advanced prostate cancer. Our goal was to examine how androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) affects lipid profiles in Indian men with locally progressed or metastatic prostate cancer. Methods: this multi center study was conducted in LRH urology department From jan 2020 to jan 2021 Patients with prostate cancer who received ADT and for whom lipid account data from the first two years of ADT treatment was available were split into two groups for retrospective analysis. Members of Group A had bilateral orchidectomy, whereas those in Group B were given a luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonist (LHRHa). The information considered are quality standards, prostate-specific antigen (PSA), and lipid profiles. Results: 69 eligible patients were divided evenly between teams A (29) and B (40). After starting ADT, the median blood PSA level dropped significantly in both groups and remained low until 24 months. At six months, there was a statistically insignificant decline in all lipid profile parameters in team A patients except for high-density lipoprotein cholesterol
Etiology and prevalence of fatigue in chronic liver disease
Get PDFBackground and Aim: One of the most common and obvious signs of liver cirrhosis is fatigue, which can limit daily activities, minimizes physical activity. Fatigue was reported to be prevalent in 60-80% of cirrhotic individuals in early publications on the clinical profile. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the prevalence and etiology of fatigue in chronic liver disease. Patients and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out on 320 chronic liver disease patients in Department of Medicine PAF Hospital Lahore and Department of Gastroenterology CMH Lahore from June 2022 to December 2022. Study protocol was approved by institute ethical committee. We recruited (a) those who had ongoing liver disease caused by HCV or HBV, (b) patients between the ages of 16 and 70, and (c) patients who had not previously received any particular HCV or HBV therapy. Patients were divided into five groups: Group-I comprised of chronic hepatitis patients, Group-II had Child class A Cirrhosis, Group-III had Child class B cirrhosis, Group-IV had Child class C cirrhosis, and Group-V had hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. Patients were subjected to abdominal ultrasonography, laboratory investigations, and upper endoscopy. 
Laparoscopic diaphragm repair with bioabsorbable mesh in congenital and acquired diaphragmatic hernia
Get PDFBackground and Aim: Congenital or acquired diaphragmatic hernias are both possible. The present study aimed to investigate the superiority of laparoscopic surgery over open repair of congenital diaphragmatic hernias with bioabsorbable mesh in congenital and acquired diaphragmatic hernia. Patients and Methods: This retrospective study was conducted on 7 diaphragmatic hernia cases in the General Surgery Unit of Federal Government Polyclinic Hospital, Islamabad from January 2015 to December 2022. Diaphragmatic hernia was diagnosed and confirmed on CT scan. Patients with Bochdalek hernia (BH), right-sided eventration of diaphragm, and left eventration of diaphragm (ED) cases were enrolled. Individual demographic details, clinical manifestations, hernia description, treatment modalities, and complications were recorded. Results: The overall mean age was 42 years with an age range 30-62 years. Of the total cases, there were 6 (85.7%) male and 1 (14.3%) female. The incidence of Bochdalek hernia (BH), left-sided ED, and right-sided ED was 2 (28.6%), 4 (57.1%), and 1 (14.3%) respectively. The major defect on left and right side was 15× 7 cm and 15× 8 cm respectively. 
Maxillofacial prosthesis’s effect on oral hygiene and oral health related quality of life of patients in a population of Pakistan
Get PDFBackground and Aim: Dental malformations caused by surgical excision of oral cancerous tissues cause physical, functional and aesthetic problems. Congenital disorders or acquired factors are regarded as the major causes for maxillofacial defects. The purpose of the current investigation was to determine the effect of maxillofacial prosthesis on oral hygiene and oral health related life quality of life of patients in a population of Pakistan. Materials and Methods: This prospective study was conducted on 28 maxillofacial defects’ bearing patients investigated in the Department of Dentistry at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Lahore, Pakistan from January 2021 to December 2022. Hearing as well as visually impaired and edentulous patients were excluded from the study. Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP) was used for the assessment of Oral Health related Quality of Life (OHR QoL). The OHR-QoL was assessed by a self-administered questionnaire. “Functional limitation (9 items)”, “Physical pain (9 items)”, “Psychological discomfort (5 items)”, “Physical disability (9 items)”, “Psychological disability (6 items)”, “Social disability (5 items)”, and “Handicap (6 items)” were 7 subscales of OHR-QoL recorded in each questionnaire and a greater OHR-QoL impairment was an indicative of a higher overall OHIP score. 
Frequency of cardiac events in patients admitted with dengue fever at Kuwait Teaching Hospital Peshawar
Get PDFObjectives: To determine the frequency of various cardiac events in patients admitted with dengue fever at Kuwait Teaching Hospital, Peshawar. Materials and methods: NS1 viral antigen detection method was used for serologic confirmation of dengue virus infection. All patients provided their informed permission before being assigned to a sample or having their data used in study. The researcher took the history and confirmed the presence of risk factors like hypertension and diabetes and along with that ECG and echocardiographic evaluation of all the patients at the time of admission and discharge were recorded. Results: Electrocardiographic assessment revealed that 91 (58%) patients had normal ECG, 04 (2.52%) had broad QRS complexes, 09 (5.73%) had diffuse T-wave inversions, 02 (1.27%) had low-voltage QRS complexes and 12 (7.64%) patients had non-specific ST segment changes while sinus bradycardia was documented in 09 (5.73%) patients, sinus tachycardia in 24 (15.28%) and atrial fibrillation in 06 (3.82%) patients. Echocardiographic evaluation showed that all the 157 (100%) patients had normal left ventricular ejection fraction, 05 (3.18%) had left ventricular diastolic dysfunction and only 04 (2.55%) developed pericardial effusion while neither of the patient had global hypokinesia or any new valvular lesions. 
Comparison of targeted retinal photocoagulation versus pan-retinal photocoagulation in the treatment of proliferative diabetic retinopathy
Get PDFThe aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of targeted retinal photocoagulation (TRP) with pan retinal photocoagulation (PRP) in the treatment of proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). A total of 100 patients with PDR were enrolled in the study. The patients were divided into the TRP group (n=50) and the PRP group (n=50). The primary outcome measure was the proportion of patients who achieved a complete regression of PDR. Secondary outcome measures included the effect of TRP or PRP on visual acuity, visual fields and the need for further treatments. The results showed that the TRP is an effective treatment modality in proliferative retinopathy regression (86%) like PRP group (72%). The TRP group also showed a visual acuity improvement (0.19 logMAR) compared to the PRP group (mean improvement of 0.13 logMAR) with good preservation of visual fields. There were no significant differences in the need for further treatments between the two groups. These results suggest that TRP is safe treatment option for PDR. Material and Methods: This study was conducted in the Department of ophthalmology Khyber Teaching Hospital Peshawar from January 2020 to July 2021. A total of 100 patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy were included in the study. 
Influence of leadership styles of nurse’ managers on their organizational performance and commitments during the COVID-19 in Punjab, Pakistan
Get PDFBackground: The pandemic Covid-19 has very impacted the physical, psychological and emotional well-being of the nurses which were directly linked with their performance. The objective of the study was to assess the relationship between the leadership styles of nurse’ managers and their adherence with the organizational commitments and performance during the Covid-19 in Punjab, Pakistan. Methods: The nature of study was cross sectional and quantitative. The study was conducted in five public hospital located in District Lahore, Punjab i.e. Jinnah Hospital, General Hospital, Sheikh Zaid Hospital, Services Hospital and Lady Willingdon Hospital. The participants of the study were nurses who have performed their duty in the Covid-19 ward. Out of 755 nurses, 200 nurses were selected for the interview through convenient sampling technique. The researchers used well-structured research instruments to interview the participants. The collected data was entered and analyzed by using SPSS version 26. The descriptive analysis was employed to measure the demographic characteristics of the participants. T-test and one-way ANOVA were also applied to observe the differences among the variables. At the end, Pearson’s Correlation (bi-variate) were used to measure the extent of relationship between the leadership styles and nurse’ organizational commitments