International journal of health sciences
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The frequency of questionable research practices in the domain of medical writing among the various health professionals of Pakistan: An analytical cross-sectional study
Get PDFBackground and Aim: The vibrant cases of scientific misconducts have gained a significant attention in the recent times; however less obviously questionable research practices (QRPs) might be more ubiquitous and can thus ultimately severely affect the academic originality. The present study aimed to explore the frequency of questionable research practices among the doctors and dentists of Pakistan. Materials & Methods: The current study was a descriptive-analytical cross-sectional one which included 108 doctors and dentists of different Medical and Dental Colleges of Lahore, Pakistan. All the participants were selected from academia; were briefly explained about the purpose of the study and finally informed consent was obtained prior to their incorporation in the study. The subjects included in the study were questioned about QRPs. The questionnaire included the following questions: 1) Refusal of research data sharing with legitimate authors? 2) Any author addition to research without their contribution? 3) Any honorary authorship claimed without contribution to research? 4) Have you eliminated someone who justified their contribution? 5) Have you submitted any publication data without the consent of other authors? 6) Any research paper submitted to more than one journal at a time? 
The role of Sehat Insaf Card in access to healthcare services: Exploring health professional perceptions in Lahore
Get PDFIntroduction: The Sehat Insaf Card (SIC) scheme has the potential to improve access to healthcare services for low-income families in Pakistan, there are several challenges that healthcare professionals may face during its implementation. Objectives: This study aims to assess the workload, reimbursement rates, quality of care, and job satisfaction and burnout levels of healthcare professionals in private hospitals providing services under the Sehat Insaf Card scheme. The study's findings will provide insights into the effectiveness of the scheme and inform policymakers about healthcare workforce well-being. Methodology: The study utilized a cross-sectional survey design to collect data from private hospitals in Lahore, using a one-day survey and questionnaires to achieve a snapshot of the research problem at a societal level. A sample size of 200 was calculated and data were analyzed using SPSS. Regression analysis was done to calculate value significance of the analysis. Results: The study assessed the impact of Sehat Insaf Card on healthcare professionals in private hospitals. Results showed a significant impact on increased work and demand (mean score: 76.09, p-value: 0.0071), due to administrative requirements (mean score: 65.09, p-value: 0.0082), and insufficient reimbursement rates (mean score: 56.98, p-value: 0.0032)
Factors contributes to overweight and obesity among young adults
Get PDFBackground: Obesity is a major public health problem in both developed and developing countries and it became an important public health problem in developing countries like Sudan. Study purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify obesity and overweight and determine factors that contribute to obesity and overweight among young adults. Methods: A descriptive quantitative study was conducted in Sudan, Khartoum. The sample size was amounted to 180 collected with convenient techniques and selected according to criteria. Data was obtained through a self-administered questionnaire and was analyzed by (SPSS) version 22.0, descriptive statistics, cross tabulation were made. Results: 103 (57.2%) of participants were females and 77 (42.8%) were males. Most of the participants' 90(50.0%) ages ranged from 18–23 years. More than half of participants, 104 (57.7%) with university and post-university education, and 54.4% had an average monthly income. Obesity and obesity were 13.9% and 22.2%, respectively. Obesity was insignificantly high among females (15.5%), and overweight was higher among males (23.4%), a p-value of 0.860. Obesity and overweight are caused by a variety of factors, including hereditary and eating foods containing fat, cholesterol, and sodium
Dental caries and non caries detection using deep learning
Get PDFCavities are the most common indication of dental caries, a contagious condition that leads to the deterioration of the tooth's structure. Dental caries has been identified as one of the most common oral health issue. This research has been conducted to identify them early, owing to the discomfort and high expense of treatment. Artificial intelligence has been utilized in recent years to create models which can forecast the risk of dental caries due to restrictions in medical research in oral healthcare, such as the high costs and lengthy requirements. Data for our study were collected from Khyber College of Dentistry and Hospital. On this data, a number of Deep Learning algorithms were implemented, and their performances were evaluated using recall, precision, F1-score, and accuracy. In comparison to CNN, LeNet and AlexNet deep learning techniques, VGG16 has the best performance, scoring accuracy of 98.99%, F1-score of 0.96% with precision of 0.95%, and a recall of 0.97%. This suggested paper demonstrated that DL is strongly advised for dental professionals to use in helping them make decisions for the early diagnosis and treatment of dental caries
The impact of administrative decision-making on the performance of health facilities in Medina, Saudi Arabia
Get PDFEnhancing the administration of primary healthcare facilities might be a significant step toward achieving the quality improvement goal. The purpose of this research was to determine whether or not improvements in healthcare performance lead to improvements in the overall quality of decision-making in Medina, Saudi Arabia. In order to determine the impact that increased information security has on the quality of decision-making, the researcher used the use of a questionnaire. Our findings revealed a high level of the quality, accepting and implementing and timeliness and administrative decision-making, and this suggests that health facilities have a high degree of competence to make administrative choices in all three of their dimensions. In addition, we mentioned a high level of performance of health facilities, and this suggests that the health facilities that were investigated had a high level of performance. We found that administrative decision-making had a statistically significant influence on the performance of healthcare facilities, and we found that for every 1% rise in the level of administrative decision-making, the performance of healthcare facilities improved by 0.853%. 
Analysis of patient characteristics and clinical outcome in wound grades of diabetic foot ulcer in Peshawar Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
Get PDFIntroduction: Diabetic foot is utmost severe factor of diabetes which has negative consequences on the sufferance’s life. Among diabetes serious and life threatening complications, diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is very serious problem. Macro and micro vascular complications, time period of diabetes mellitus and bordering neuropathy govern the chance of foot ulcer. Staphylococcus aureus (a Bacterium) is the main cause of diabetic foot ulcer it has antibiotic resistance genes which makes it resistant to antibiotics. Diabetic fool ulcer is spread by harmful and lytic way on the host cell. Objective: To analyze the patient characteristics and clinical outcome in wound grades of diabetic foot ulcer. Material and Method: First sample is collected from 150 patients suffering from DFU. Bacterial colonies were obtained from culture. Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method was used to check the antibiotic susceptibility. DNA was extracted and PCR was run to amplify Pantone Valentine Leukocidin gene using primers. Results were analyzed through SPSS version. Results: Total patients were 150. More than 50yrs was the mean age. 51.3% were female and on the other hand, 48.7% were male. 
Association of risk factors with early knee osteoarthritis in patients presented to tertiary care hospital: A cross-sectional study
Get PDFAim: To determine the risk factors associated with early knee osteoarthritis in patients presented to tertiary care hospital. Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted on 120 patients presenting with early knee osteoarthritis at Sialkot Medical College Sialkot Pakistan from November, 2022 to April, 2023. We assessed the risk factors associated with early knee osteoarthritis. Results: Mean age recorded was 50.80±8.94 years. Majority of the patients were females. About 30% of the patients were house wives while 53.3% were office employees and 16.7% were laborers. About 20% patients had normal BMI while 35% overweight and 45% obese. About 60% patients were diabetic and 69.2% patients had vitamin D deficiency. Conclusion: Profession, obesity, diabetes and vitamin D deficiency are leading risk factors with early knee osteoarthritis in patients
A study on good hygiene practices to stay healthy and protect unborn child during pregnancy
Get PDFPregnant women are more vulnerable to infection by germs in the environment. Keeping the body clean helps prevent infection. Washing hands with soap is the most important hygiene action she can take, especially before preparing food and after going to the toilet. If possible, a pregnant woman should wash her body every day with clean water — especially her genital area. Dental hygiene is also important during pregnancy because increased estrogen levels can cause swelling and increased sensitivity in gum tissues. The aim of this study was to check knowledge of pregnant women on good hygiene practices to stay healthy and protect unborn child.The survey of 72 pregnant women was conducted with questionnaire through Google forms on the knowledge ofhygiene practices during pregnancy. Most respondents(76.39%)had knowledge of body hygiene during pregnancy. Almost all the respondents (73.61%)had knowledge of pregnancy striae treatments. All the respondents (100%) had knowledge on clothing hygiene (e.g. cleanliness & sterile). Around 69.44 %respondents had knowledge on addictioneffects and 63.88 % had knowledge on dental hygiene
Prospective evaluation of perioperative biochemical investigations to predict hypocalcemia after total or near total thyroidectomy
Get PDFHypocalcemia is one of the common complications after total thyroidectomy. In these patients, the serum parathyroid hormone (PTH), calcium level decreases, and the phosphorus level increases. The level of fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF-23), a phosphaturic hormone, increases in the serum to normalize the serum phosphorus level. In our study, we aimed to investigate the predictive values of PTH, calcium, phosphorus, 1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D (vitamin D), and FGF-23 tests in revealing patients who will develop hypocalcemia after thyroidectomy. Fifty-seven patients undergoing total thyroidectomy (fifty-two with multinodular goiter, three with Graves’ disease and two with papillary thyroid cancer) were included in this prospective study. Serum PTH, calcium, phosphorus, and vitamin D levels of the patients were measured preoperatively. Ten minutes after complete removal of the thyroid gland, intraoperative PTH (IOPTH) level was measured and the amount of decline in PTH level (PTH decline) was calculated. Postoperative PTH, calcium, phosphorus, vitamin D, and FGF-23 levels were measured 24 h after the operation. Postoperatively, hypocalcemia developed in 7(12.3%) of the 57 patients. IOPTH, postoperative PTH, calcium, and vitamin D levels were significantly lower and PTH decline was significantly higher in patients with postoperative hypocalcemia. Postoperative FGF-23 levels were similar between the groups (p 0.952). 
Problems related to patients seeking orthodontic treatment
Get PDFIntroduction: The aim of this study was to determine the main cause of pursuing orthodontic treatment. Methods And Materials: This was a hospital-based study conducted at Orthodontic Department, 383 subsequent orthodontic patients were inquired to fill out a questionnaire designed specially for them. Nine questions were included in the questionnaire to gather information on demographics, the purpose for seeking orthodontic treatment. Results: The research comprised 383 individuals, 110 males (28.7%),and 273 females (71.3%), Participants age 7 to 30, 94.3% of participants had cosmetic issues, 5.0% had functional issues, and 0.8% had TMD issues. Conclusion: Finally, malocclusions have a significant influence on appearance. However, research on the effects of malocclusion on Life is mixed. Understanding the effects of malocclusion on patients' lives is very significant because it highlights the specific effect on the life of an individual. No research has assessed the severity of the repercussions of known malocclusions, which requires more extensive and rigorous assessments