International journal of health sciences
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Frequency of urethrocutneous fistula following snodgrass repair for distal penile hypospadias in children
Get PDFObjective: To determine the frequency of urethra-cutaneous fistula during three months following Snodgrass repair for distal penile hypospadias in children. Methods and Material: This Descriptive Cross Sectional study included 135 Children with distal penile hypospadias without chordee and was conducted at Department of Pediatric Surgery, Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar from 15 Jan, 2021 to 14 Jan, 2023. All patients underwent Snodgrass repair for distal penile hypospadias. Patients were followed for 3 months for fistula formation. Results: Sixty (44.17%) patients were recorded in 4-8 years age group whereas 76 (55.88%) patients were recorded in 9-14 years age group. As per frequencies and percentages for urethrocutaneous fistula, 09 (6.6%) patients were recorded with urethrocutaneou fistula. Conclusions: for the management of distal hypospadias, TIP urethroplasty is simple, single stage operation and has good functional and low complication rate
The clinical profile and treatment of prosthetic valve thrombosis A multi center study
Get PDFBackground: Prosthetic valve thrombosis is one of the most well-known life-threatening complications after valve replacement surgery. A poor antithrombotic status causes this thrombotic condition. Objective: The purpose of this study to examine how prosthetic valve thrombosis was treated at our institute. Furthermore assessed were the patients' clinical characteristics. Study design: This observational study was conducted using statistical analyses at the cardiac department of cardiology qazi hussain ahmad medical complex nowshera from jan 2021 to jan 2022 Material and Methods: this study conducted in the Department Of Cardiology Noswshera Medical College Nowshera ,Qazi Hussain Medical Complex Nowshera,kpk The study covered 20 patients who consulted the cardiology clinic between June 2020 and July 2021. The patients who were recently diagnosed with PV thrombosis were selected for further study focused on the inclusion criteria. Each patient's clinical characteristics and demographic profile were noted. In-hospital results were also examined. Results: This observational study was conducted on 20 patients. The majority were female patients (55%) among all patients in this study. Fluoroscopy was used to confirm the diagnosis further. 
Frequency of ABO incompatibility as a cause of neonatal jaundice in neonatal unit of Ayub Teaching Hospital, Abbottabad
Get PDFBackground: Neonatal jaundice is a common problem encountered by neonatologists. After prevention of Rh-isoimmunization ABO incompatibility has become the most common cause of hemolysis. For infants delivered of 35 weeks gestation or later ABO incompatibility have been found to be the major risk factors for development of severe hyperbilirubinemia. Objective: To assess the frequency of ABO incompatibility as a cause of neonatal jaundice. Methodology: The current study was Cross-sectional descriptive study carried out at the Neonatal units of Ayub teaching hospital, Abbottabad. Study was carried out over a period of six months from 01-06-2011 to 30-11-2011. The calculated sample size based on using the WHO software was 246 patients. Investigations were done regarding mother and baby’s blood group, serum bilirubin levels (total, direct and indirect). Data was entered into computer using SPSS version 10. Results: A total of 246 neonates were included in this study. Mean age of the neonates was 4.62±4.09. Males were 157 (63.8%) and females were 89 (36.2%). 
Knowledge, attitude and perception of pregnant women towards hepatitis E vaccination
Get PDFBackground: Hepatitis E is an acute viral hepatitis which can significant complications and even death during pregnancy if left unreated. Objective: Assessment of the knowledge, attitudes and perceptions (KAP) of Pregnant Women towards Hepatitis E vaccination. Materials and Methods: The study was cross sectional in design was done at Maqsood Medical Complex General Hospital from September 2022 till Feb 2023. The sampling technique was non probability convenient sampling. The inclusion criteria were pregnant females in all the trimesters and exclusion criteria were non pregnant women and those with history of molar pregnancies. Results: Regarding knowledge , 87% of the study population had heard of hepatitis E as a potential disease that can cause harm during the pregnancy and 50% heard of protective vaccine for it whole 20% didn’t heard about and 30% didn’t have any idea about it at all. While assessing the perceptions of the patients about screening for hepatitis E infecton.47% were screened for hepatitis E and 53% didn’t have any screening test for the virus.80% considered it to be important to vaccinated against hepatitis E
Energy drinks consumption among construction workers in Indonesia and associated factors: A cross-sectional study
Get PDFYounger and adults tend to consume energy drinks due to the benefit received as promoted by the manufacturer. This retrospective, cross-sectional study aimed to investigate factors associated with energy-drink consumption in a group of construction workers in Indonesia. Literate construction workers who have consumed any brand of energy drink at least once per week were recruited. Demographic data and health literacy were self-reported. The short version of the test functional health literacy for adults (S-TOFHLA) tool was used to examine health literacy. Kidney function was determined by an estimated glomerulus filtration rate (EGFR). An average EGFR of 83.76 mL/min/1.73 m2 was retrieved from 114 participants. Health literacy (p=.016), pre-existing disease (p=.001), and intensity (p=.029) showed a significant difference with decreased kidney function. Age of the first-time experiencing energy drinks (r=-0.260) and pre-existing disease (r=-0.282) showed negative significance correlations (p=<.001) with kidney function. A family history of comorbidity (ß=-0.213), (p=.023), 95% CI (-6.697－-1.286), was a predictor of lowering kidney function among construction workers with extended ingestion of energy drinks. This study emphasizes the importance of elevating public awareness of possible dangers caused by extending the ingestion of energy drinks on the kidney
Correlation between FEV1/FVC ratio with Body Mass Index (BMI) and absolute eosinophils in patients with acute exacerbation of asthma at Mataram City Hospital, West Nusa Tenggara in 2019–2020
Get PDFThis study aimed to analyze Correlation between FEV1/FVC ratio with body mass index (BMI) and absolute eosinophils in patients with acute exacerbation of asthma. A cross sectional study based on the medical records of asthma patients from June 2019 to June 2020, with a total population of 180 cases conducted at Mataram City Regional General Hospital, West Nusa Tenggara. The data were analyzed using multiple linier regression using SPSS. The data collected showed that getting older reduces the value of FEV1/FVC, but it is not statistically significant (b= -0.03; 95% CI= -0.18 to 0.13; p= 0.746). Male gender has a lower probability of having a FEV1/FVC value than female sex, but it is not statistically significant (b= -2.78; 95% CI= -6.38 to 0.83; p= 0.130). An increase in the eosinophil score reduced the FEV1/FVC value by 6.03 units and was statistically significant (b= -6.03; 95% CI= -7.80 to -4.26; p< 0.001). An increase in body mass index decreased the FEV1/FVC value by 1.22 units and was statistically significant (b= -1.22; 95% CI= -1.71 to -0.75; p< 0.001)
Effect of ibuprofen in combination with omega 3 in the management of temporomandibular disorder: A clinical trial
Get PDFIntroduction: Disorders of the temporomandibular joint (TMD) are dentofacial illnesses that can be caused by extra- or intra-articular disease. TMD is treated with a variety of pharmaceutical preparations, including non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), muscle relaxants, and steroids. Many of these drugs are used together to reduce the symptoms and retard the progression of the disease to chronic illness. Aims & Objectives: The aim of the current study is to compare the effectiveness of ibuprofen in combination with omega 3 in the management of TMJ disorder. Methodology: A randomized control trial was conducted among the patients of temporomandibular disorder presenting to OPD and oral medicine departments at Peshawar Dental College and Khyber College of Dentistry. A total of 58 patients were randomly selected. The data was collected through a self-structured questionnaire including the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) for pain. The pain was recorded on day 0 before the commencement of the treatment. Ibuprofen 400mg BD along with omega 3 1000mg OD was given. The participants were given the drugs for a period of 30 days
The impact of medication administration on laboratory test results and nursing interventions
Get PDFBackground: Medication administration is one of the cardinal measures of patient care that will impact patient recovery as well as deserve high levels of concern regarding dose, route, and time of administration. However, drug effect interference with lab tests further blurs the likelihood ratio of investigations making patient conditions unreliable. It is primarily the responsibility of the nurses to coordinate these encounters safely and effectively to administer the medications and to observe the laboratory test results. Aim: The goal of this study is to scrutinize the effects of medication administration on laboratory tests, and the nursing actions required to prevent, control and resolve such drug-laboratory test interactions. Methods: The case reviews of medications and clinical propositions were carried out, with a focus at outcomes on laboratory tests and consequent actions of the nurse. Actual cases were interrogated with the intention of understanding how drug-laboratory tests interacted and how potential risks could be managed. Results: Moreover, the findings reveal that medications like warfarin, biotin, corticosteroids, rifampin affect laboratory tests and can cause diagnostic mistakes or improper dose modification. 
Evaluating the impact of mindfulness training on stress reduction among nurses: Implications for nursing practice and health administration in high-pressure units
Get PDFBackground: Nurses working in high-pressure units face significant stress levels, often leading to burnout, reduced morale, and high turnover rates. While mindfulness training has proven effective as a stress-reduction intervention, its implementation within clinical settings is often hindered by organizational and systemic barriers. Aim: This study examines the challenges associated with integrating mindfulness training into nursing practice and health administration policies. It also explores strategies to overcome these barriers and promote the adoption of mindfulness interventions in high-pressure healthcare settings. Methods: A review of relevant literature and case studies was conducted to identify obstacles to implementing mindfulness training, with a focus on awareness, accessibility, and resource optimization. Results: Key challenges include limited awareness among healthcare staff, inadequate integration of mindfulness practices into existing workflows, and financial constraints. Potential solutions include enhancing staff awareness, incorporating brief and adaptable mindfulness practices, and leveraging cost-effective resources to support implementation. Conclusion: Mindfulness training holds significant potential to improve nurses' well-being and reduce stress. However, addressing the barriers to its adoption is essential for its successful implementation in healthcare facilities. Tailored strategies at the administrative and organizational levels are crucial to ensure sustainable integration into nursing practice
Enhancing the effectiveness of Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T cells against tumors through CRISPR/Cas9-mediated PD-1 disruption
Get PDFCAR T cell therapy is a cutting-edge method of treating cancer that entails altering a patient’s own T cells to improve their capacity to combat cancer cells. This is accomplished by giving the T cells chimeric antigen receptors (CARs), which give them ability to recognize and precisely target cancer cells. T cells from the patient are first removed, and then their genes are modified to include CARs. The modified T cells are then reintroduced to the patient's body where they can more successfully target and eliminate cancer cells. CAR T cell immunotherapies and checkpoint inhibitors, notably PD-1 antagonists, have emerged as promising cancer therapeutic modalities. In this study, a novel method for producing PD-1-deficient anti-CD19 CAR T cells was devised, which combines lentiviral transduction with Cas9 ribonucleoprotein (Cas9 RNP)-mediated gene editing. The modified CAR T cells showed enhanced clearance of PDL1+ tumor xenograft in live animal models and higher efficacy in killing tumor cells in laboratory trials by interrupting the Pdcd1 (PD-1) gene. The combined effects of PD-1 disruption and CAR T cell therapy have the potential to significantly improve cancer immunotherapy.