International journal of health sciences
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The effects of conditioning sports activity on hypertensive patients
Get PDFThe study aimed to investigate whether regular physical activity plays a role in the treatment of high blood pressure in Algerian individuals, given that over 90% of hypertension cases do not respond well to pharmaceutical or surgical treatment. Regular physical activity is an accessible and cost-effective way to maintain health, and recent scientific studies have shown its effectiveness in treating various chronic diseases, such as diabetes and respiratory disorders. To address this, the study was divided into three parts: Preliminary Chapter: This section introduces the research problem, hypotheses, objectives, definitions, challenges faced, and previous studies on the subject. Theoretical Background: This part consists of three chapters. The first chapter covers physical activity, including its concept, historical evolution, types, and its various health, psychological, and economic benefits. The second chapter discusses the cardiovascular system's role in maintaining normal blood pressure and the effects of engaging in physical activity on different body systems. It emphasizes physical activity's crucial role in prevention and the treatment of certain diseases. The third chapter addresses high blood pressure, its nature, types, scientific causes, complications, medications, and how to reduce and manage blood pressure while considering potential side effects. 
Perception of smile esthetics by patients reporting for orthodontic treatment
Get PDFObjective: The main objective of this study was to evaluate smile esthetics in terms of midline diastema, smile arc and gingival display during smile by patients reporting for orthodontic treatment. Study design: A cross-sectional study. Setting: Out Patient Door, Orthodontic Department Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, Jamshoro Sindh. Duration: The study was conducted within 06 months after the approval of synopsis i-e from Dec 2020, to May 2021. Sample size: Out measures were 1) midline diastema, 2) Gingival Display during smile, 3) smile arc. Sample size calculation was done by using “Openepi” software with 5% margin of error and 95 % confident value, Mean 0.95, Sample size was n= 126. Sample technique: Non-Probability consecutive sampling technique. Data collection method: After approval of this study from Ethical Review Committee of LUMHS study was conducted at Orthodontic Department, Institute of Dentistry, Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences Jamshoro. There were total of 126 participants in this study, Data was collected showing three different front smiling photographs with various degrees of; Gingival Show During Smile i-e A= 0mm B =0.5mm C=1.5mm D=2mm E=2.5mm Smile Arc i-e A. Convex/Curved B. Plan/Straight C. Inverted/Reverse. 
Role of clomiphene citrate in anovulation and hormonal imbalance of patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome
Get PDFThis study was conducted to see the effects of Clomiphene Citrate on fertility hormones estrogen, progesterone, LH, FSH in patients with infertility associated with polycystic ovary syndrome. For this study fifty infertile patients with PCOS who were given treatment with clomiphene citrate (50–150mg/day for 5 days). For Ovarian response ovulation was monitored by transvaginal ultrasonography and serum levels of FSH, LH, progesterone, estrogen was also estimated by using ELISA methods
Diagnostic value of third generation anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody (Anti-CCP3) assay in rheumatoid arthritis patients: A cross sectional observational study
Get PDFObjective: To evaluate the efficacy of anti-CCP3 as a diagnostic marker in Egyptian early rheumatoid arthritis patients. Subjects and Methods: A total of 60 rheumatoid arthritis patients and 30 aged and sex matched volunteers participated in the study. Basic demographic, functional and clinical data were collected alongside laboratory assessment of Anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide 3 (Anti-CCP3) by ELISA. Results: Anti-CCP3 level was significantly higher in RA patients compared to controls (p 0.001) .At cut off value 20.65 (U/mL) and AUC 0.950, Anti-CCP 3 could significantly distinguish between RA patients and controls (p 0.001) .The sensitivity and specificity were 83.33%, and 93.33% respectively. Also, Anti-CCP 3 levels significantly correlated with the number of swollen and tender joints (P 0.05), VAS (P 0.05), DAS-28 (P 0.05), m HAQ (P 0.001), bone erosions (P 0.001), and narrow joint space (P 0.001). Conclusion: Anti-CCP3 is a potent diagnostic as well as prognostic laboratory marker and its positivity resulted in more specific identification of RA patients. Moreover, anti-CCP3 is considered the most acceptable choice for diagnosing early rheumatoid arthritis especially sero-negative type, with 83.33% sensitivity and 93.33% specificity
Candida-Candida and Candida-Staphylococcus species interactions in in-vitro dual-species biofilms
Get PDFObjective: In present study, interaction between different Candida species and also their interaction with Staphylococcus species were investigated in mono and dual-species biofilm model. Methods: Resistant and weak biofilms former Candida(C. albicans, C. glabrata, C. krusi) and Staphylococcus species (S. aureus, S. epidermidis, S. saprophyticus) alongwith ATCC isolates were used in mono and different dual-species combinations for estimation of biofilms by crystal violet (CV) biofilm biomass assay and XTT reduction assay. Aspartyl proteinase activity of Candida species was also measured in these developed biofilms. Results: CV assay showed increased in biofilm biomass after 48 h of incubation in developed mono and dual-species biofilms. XTT reduction assay showed overall decreasing trend in metabolic rate in biofilms after 48 h of incubation. All three Candida species with each other in dual-species in-vitro biofilms showed antagonistic behaviour. Biofilm biomass production was raised for C. albicans and C. glabrata dual-specie biofilm with allStaphylococcus species except with clinical isolate of S. aureus and in C. glabrata-S. epidermidis dual-specie biofilm. ATCC and clinical isolate of Candida showed markedly decrease aspartyle proteinase activity when co-cultured withStaphylococcuscompared to when it was cultured alone. 
Thoracic and lumbar spine Pott's spine surgery results five institutional a multicenter study compares transpedicular decompression with and without general reconstructive surgery
Get PDFObjectives: The purpose of this study was to compare the radiological and clinical results of transpedicular decompression in spinal TB (also known as Pott's spine) patients who had anterior reconstruction using a polyetheretherketone (PEEK) or mesh cage with those who did not. Little study has been conducted on the long-term effects of transpedicular decompression with and without global reconstruction in Pott's spine. PEEK cages for Pott's spine have also not been shown effective. Methods: This Multicenter study was conducted in the department of neurosurgery MMC Mardan between May 2019 and May 2022. Patients who had surgery for Pott's spine and satisfied the inclusion criteria were retrospectively examined using data from hospital records and an imaging database collected. Results: One hundred and fifteen patients were involved in the research, and their mean age was 45.0617.01 years (55 males, 60 females). These individuals showed improvements on the Visual Analog Scale, the Oswestry Disability Index, and the Cobb angle, all statistically significant improvements (p 0.002). The Cobb angle was corrected more in patients who received anterior reconstruction after surgery (p = 0.041), but they also experienced more blood loss (p = 0.03)
Immediate results of percutaneous transluminal angioplasty in patients above 70 years
Get PDFBackground: Even in older patients, percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) is becoming a more widely acknowledged technique for revascularization. Because to its less intrusive nature, PTCA is a desirable option to coronary bypass surgery in this age category due to the increased frequency of postoperative mortality and treatment problems in older patients. Objective: Analyze the immediate and ongoing therapeutic efficacy of PTCA in individuals above 70 years. Methods: In the Hayatabad Medical Complex hospital in Peshawar, 6830 patients had PCI between April 2021 and August 2022. Throughout the trial period, interventions were performed on 102 male patients who were above 70 years. Results: Among the 102 patients, Thirty-two patients (31.37% of the total) had left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) lower than 40%. One hundred percent of patients with single vessel disease (SVD), 94 % and 72 % of participants with double vessel disease and triple vessel disease (TVD), respectively had successful procedures. The rate of major adverse cardiac event (MACE) in hospitals was 9/102 (8.82%). The 1-month MACE incidence was 10.78% (n=11) while the one-year MACE incidence was 17.64% (n=18), correspondingly. 
Assesment of erythroferrone levels in neonates with anaemia of prematurity
Get PDFBackground: The anemia of prematurity is caused by untimely birth occurring before placental iron transport and fetal erythropoiesis are complete. Objective: To determine the serum levels of erythroferrone and their relation to the anaemia of prematurity. Patients and methods: This study was case control study carried out in the the Pediatric Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University. This study included two groups; the first group included newborns of both sexes with anemia of prematurity admitted to the NICU during the study period, the 2nd group included group of healthy newborns. all participants were subjected to history taking, general examination, Local examination, Abdominal examination and Laboratory investigations including complete blood count (CBC), and blood film, C reactive protein (CRP), Blood culture when needed, Kidney functions tests: including serum creatinine and urea, Liver function tests: including serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT), Hepcidin level and Erythroferrone. Results: There was no statistically significant difference in liver, renal functions, CRP. Hepcidin showed significant decrease in diseased group when compared to the control group. Free erythroferrone levels showed significant increase in diseased group when compared to the control group. 
Correlation of skeletal and dental parameter in Sagittal plane
Get PDFBackground: The skeletal correlations in a sagittal plane do not correlate to the dental relationship each time. For orthodontic treatment planning, differential identification In the past, the terms overjet and overbite were used to examine sagittal jaw connections. The goal of the study was to see how closely a dental characteristic (overjet) correlated with skeletal angles (ANB, WITTS). Objectives: This research aims to see if occlusal characteristics are used in evaluating cranial and facial connections in the vertical and sagittal planes. The sagittal connection of upper with lower teeth is studied using the metrics overjet. Methodology: This study is done at the orthodontics department, Institute of Dentistry, LUMHS, Jamshoro. The total sample size was 110, random sampling technique was utilized to select the subject. For the patients coming to the orthodontic department data was collected from previous and new patients. The overjet and overbite value will be measured on dental casts using vernier caliper. The impression of patient will be taken by irreversible hydrocolloid and the cast will be poured with orthodontic hard plaster. This study also includes pre-treatment digital cephalometric xrays. 
Patient satisfaction following short segment fusion with posterior instrumentation in thoracolumbar fractures
Get PDFBackground: This retrospective study assesses patient satisfaction following short-segment fusion with posterior instrumentation in thoracolumbar fractures. A total of 100 patients were enrolled in the study, which was conducted in the Department of Orthopedic KTH Hospital in Peshawar from January 2020 to January 2021. The patients were followed up at 6 weeks, 3 months and 6 months post-operatively. The satisfaction score was assessed using a visual analog scale (VAS) and divided into four categories: very satisfied, satisfied, dissatisfied and very dissatisfied. The results showed that 81% of the patients were very satisfied and 19% were satisfied with the procedure. The mean VAS score was 8.58 ± 0.67. No significant differences were found in the satisfaction scores between male and female patients (p=0.731). This study provides valuable insight into the effectiveness of short segment fusion with posterior instrumentation in the treatment of thoracolumbar fractures and highlights the importance of post-operative follow-up in determining patient satisfaction. Objection: The study provides valuable insight into the effectiveness of short-segment fusion with posterior instrumentation in the treatment of thoracolumbar fractures and highlights the importance of postoperative follow-up in determining patient satisfaction