International journal of health sciences
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Professional competencies of intellectual disabilities teachers in early childhood stage as perceived by them
Get PDFThis study aimed to determine the level of professional competencies for teachers of intellectual disability in early childhood from their point of view in the Riyadh region and to identify the differences at that level according to the variable years of experience, academic qualification, and location of the program. The study sample consisted of (92) teachers of intellectual disability in early childhood in the Riyadh region, who were selected by random sampling method. To achieve the study's objectives, the researcher prepared a scale of competencies for teachers of intellectual disability in early childhood. The scale consisted of (47) items distributed over six sub-dimensions, which were responded to using the five-year Likert scale for the level of proficiency. After their psychometric criteria were verified, they were applied to the sample of the study in order to extract the results that showed that the level of possession of professional competencies by intellectual disability teachers in early childhood was generally at a high level. The arithmetic mean of the scale as a whole was (3.87)
Longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis with aquaporin-4 antibody after herpes zoster: A case report
Get PDFVaricella zoster virus (VZV) is human neurotropic virus. It becomes latent in dorsal root ganglia; it may reactivate and can cause dermatological manifestations; most common is herpes zoster. Several neurological disorders can occur such as encephalitis, meningitis, myelitis and neuropathy. Longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis is infrequent.The association of AQP4 antibody with Varicella zoster has been documented in few case reports. Here we report a case of young woman who developed longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis with positive AQP4 antibody titers following varicella zoster infection
Prevalence of tuberculosis among HIV positive patients on anti-retroviral therapy with special emphasis on pattern of adverse events of first-line anti-tubercular drug
Get PDFBackground: Survival rates have been improved with concomitant use of anti-tubercular drugs in HIV subjects with tuberculosis. The use of anti-tubercular drugs combined with ART can lead to more drug interactions, non-compliance, toxicity, and adverse effects. Aim: To assess the pattern, severity, and prevalence of adverse drug reactions of first-line anti-tubercular drugs in HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) positive subjects with tuberculosis. Methods: The present prospective, observational study included 391 subjects out of 19522 subjects who were diagnosed HIV Positive and scheduled for Anti-Retroviral therapy at the ART Centre. 102 subjects were enrolled as tuberculosis confirmation of HIV-TB Co-Infection disease during the study period. All the subjects were evaluated for adverse drug events including blurred vision, jaundice, neuropathy, skin infection, itching, blood urea, hepatotoxicity, tingling, numbness, pain, pancreatitis, diarrhea, skin rashes, and anemia. Results: The most prevalent side-effect noted was neuropathy reported in 26.13% (n=10) study participants followed by skin rashes reported in 21.05% (n=8) study subjects. Jaundice, vomiting, and body weakness were all reported in 15.78% (n=6) of study subjects each. Diarrhea, headache, hepatotoxicity, insomnia, mental confusion, and anorexia were all reported in 10.52% (n=4) of study participants each. 
Comparison of post-procedural rise of cardiac biomarkers after implantation of an everolimus-eluting bioresorbable vascular scaffold versus everolimus-eluting metallic stent in patients with long/diffuse LAD disease
Get PDFObjectives This study sought to evaluate the incidence and the mechanism of post-procedural cardiac biomarker (CB) rise following device implantation. Background A fully bioresorbable Absorb scaffold, compared with everolimus-eluting metallic stents (EES), might be associated with a higher incidence of periprocedural myocardial injury. Methods Prospective nonrandomized comparative study enrolled 52 patients with stable myocardial ischemia with diffuse/ long LAD lesion for either an everolimus-eluting bioresorbable vascular (BVS) scaffold (22 patients) or an EES (30 patients), 3 types of CB (creatine kinase (CK), creatine kinase-myocardial band (CK-MB), and troponin) were obtained before and after procedure. Per protocol, periprocedural myocardial infarction (PMI) was defined as CK rise >2 the upper limit of normal with CK-MB rise. Results Incidence of side branch occlusion (SBO) and any anatomic complications assessed by angiography was similar between the 2 treatment arms (SBO: Absorb: 4.5% vs. Xience: 6.7%, p=1; One PMI with acute instent thrombosis occurred in EES group. Dissection occurred in only 1 patient in BVS arm after stent implantation; this event was not associated with elevated cardiac biomarkers. One patient had PMI in BVS arm with no angiographic complications to explain it. 
Prevalence of penile abnormalities in prepubertal children
Get PDFBackground: Common types of Congenital penile anomalies (CPA) in children are; Hypospadias, Penile chordee, Micropenis, Hidden penis, Ambigous genitalia, Apenia and Unspecified genital or penile anomalies. Aim & objectives: The goal of the work was to assess the prevalence of penile abnormalities in prepubertal children. Subjects & methods: research was carried out in outstudied case clinics of Al-Azher University hospitals, carried out on 1000 children. Results: Among studied children; 5% are diagnosed with penile abnormalities. The most frequent congenital anomalies are as following; 82% hidden penis and 12% hypospadias. One case is detected for each of the following; Chordae, hypospadias and chordae and micropenis there was statistically significant relation among presence of penile anomalies and age of the studied children with mean age of cases with anomalies is 4.76 years. Statistically significant association was not detected with body mass index (kg/m2) while a statistically significant association was detected among penile anomalies and the following parameters: residence, socio-economic status with more penile anomalies among cases with urban residence. Conclusion: In children, penile anomalies are commonly discovered. There are numerous potential explanations for them. 
Full-field electroretinogram in evaluation of the outer retina in patients with multiple sclerosis
Get PDFBackground: Background: Optic nerve inflammation may contribute to the pathology of multiple sclerosis (MS) (retrograde trans-synaptic degeneration) However, within the past ten years, some investigations have indicated that primary retinopathy may be brought on by MS. This study used a full-field electroretinogram to test the function of the outer retinal layers in people with relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) (ff-ERG). Methods: This is a case- control study, conducted on 30 RRMS patients and 30 healthy controls. RRMS patients were subjected to neurological, ophthalmological, and radiological assessment. Both RRMS patients and controls were subjected to full field ERG. Results: The ff-ERG showed a significant delay of latencies of a and b-waves of both light and dark-adapted condition with reduction of their amplitudes compared to control. ERG responses were significantly affected in MS patients with or without optic neuritis compared to control. Most of ff-ERG parameters showed non statistically significant difference between optic neuritis and non-optic neuritis eyes. Conclusion: There is functional affection of the bipolar and the photoreceptors layers in the outer retina in optic neuritis and non-optic neuritis eyes of MS. Therefore, the outer retina could be a site for primary pathology in MS, unrelated to the optic nerve affection
Different check sizes pattern-reversal visual evoked potentials study in patients with compensated hepatic cirrhosis
Get PDFBackground: Cirrhosis is a dynamic process starts after sustained inflammation, followed by necrosis of liver cells and fibrosis that occur as a normal wound healing response then nodular formation that eventually lead to hepatic dysfunction. Aim and objectives: Study the effect of hepatic cirrhosis on cerebral cortex and subcortical pathways using VEP, and Comparison between different VEP check sizes in detection of early encephalopathy among cirrhotics. Subjects and methods: This was a case/control study carried out on 45 cirrhotic patients, and 45 matched normal controls. All subjects underwent full opthalmological assesment prio to the conduction of the PVEP, after the approval of the ethical committee. Results: the studied cases had significantly more delayed latency and lower amplitude than the studied controls on both sides at both 1 degree and 15 minutes check sizes (P-value<0.05), however 13 patiebts were detected by the 15 min check size to be abnormal on he contrary of the 1 degree chech size that detected changes only in 6 patients. Conclusion: Vep 15 min is more sensitive in detecting early changes in cirrhotic patients. denoting that most of the hepatic encephalopathy changes are affecting the central visual field
Duodenal ulcer and gastric cancer patients infected with Helicobacter Pylori in AL-Najaf City, Iraq
Get PDFA case-control study was carried out in Al- Sader Medical City in AL-Najaf Governorate, Iraq, during period from 1/9/2021 to 1/3/2022. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) Antigen Rapid Test Cassette (Feces) has been used to diagnosis all patients infected with H. pylori. All patients with duodenal ulcers and gastric cancer have been diagnosed by a physician using an endoscope and biopsy, respectively, in the department of tumors at AL-Sader Medical City. The results proved that there were 27 patients; 11 male (40.7%) and 16 female (59.3%) infected with H.pylori. Age group 20-30 was the highest infected with H.pylori (14 patients, 51.9%) followed by 31-40 (8 patients 29.6%), 41-50 (4 patients 14.8%) and 51-60 (1 patient 3.7%). Conclusions: Helicobacter Pylori may cause the most cases of duodenal ulcer and gastric cancer in patients that infected with this bacterium
Low absolute neutrophilic and lymphocytic counts in children with CMV reactivation following HSCT
Get PDFIntroduction: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is one of the commonest infections after hemopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and it may lead to significant morbidity, mortality and can lead increased healthcare costs. Aim: The aim of this work was to evaluate the relation between neutrophilic and lymphocytic count recovery in children with CMV reactivation following HSCT. Method: The study included 30 patients with CMV reactivation who underwent allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for non-malignant diseases in Abo El-Reesh Al Mounira Pediatric Hospital, Cairo University. Pre- and post-transplant clinical and laboratory data were collected. Results: The 30 patients developed 69 episodes of CMV reactivation. 66.6% and 53.5% of the reactivation episodes were associated with low absolute lymphopenic and neutrophilic respectively. The early CMV reactivation episodes were associated with severe low absolute lymphocytic and neutrophilic counts with p value (0.003, 0.006) respectively. Conclusion: Neutrophilic and lymphocytic count recovery is an important factor associated with reactivation. Importance of close monitoring of viral load among lymphopenic and neutropenic patients for strong surveillance and early detection of CMV reactivation and proper management
Effect of educational program on nursing staff' knowledge and attitude toward prevention of hepatitis B virus infection in the cardiac diseases and surgery center
Get PDFThe study Aim to evaluate the effect of educational program on the knowledge and attitude of nursing staff toward prevention of hepatitis B virus infection in the cardiac diseases and surgery center . The study was quasi-experimental using the test and retest method . In which evaluation approach is applied to achieve the objectives of the study and was conducted for during the period of the study from November 2021 to June 2022, The study recommended to establishing the necessary educational programs to increase the knowledge of the nursing staff and improve their attitudes toward the prevention of viral hepatitis B