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LC-MS/MS method development and validation for the determination of antiviral drug in human plasma
Get PDFThe validated protein precipitation method was applied to estimate Darunavir in human plasma with Verapamil as an internal standard. The analytical column was selected Agilent, Zorbax, and XDB C18 (2.1 x 50 mm ID, 5 μm). The column temperature was set at 30°C. The mobile phase composition was acetonitrile:2Mm Ammonium Formate with 0.1% formic acid in water (70:30 v/v). Source flow rate at 0.120 mL/min without a split. An injection volume of 10 µL. Darunavir and Verapamil were eluted at 1.35 &1.13 min, with a total run time of 3.0 min for each sampl
Pathological fracture due to malignant neoplasm
Get PDFPathological fractures can be caused by any type of bone tumor, but the majority of pathologic fractures in the elderly are secondary to metastatic carcinomas. Multiple myeloma is also common in the elderly and has a high incidence of pathologic fractures. The surgical treatment of impending or pathologic fracture are to provide pain relief and a functionally stable and durable construct that will allow the patient to ambulate shortly after surgery. Fixation of metastatic pathologic fractures requires reinforcement or replacement of the compromised bone with a rigid and durable construct. Aim of the study-is to evaluate pathological fracture in metastatic disease of bone fromdifferent type of malignancy. Material and methods-This is a retrospective analysis of 50 patients of histopathologically proven metastatic bone disease, evaluated for pathological fracture in Mahavir Cancer Sansthan during 2014-2016. Results-Out of 50 patients of metastatic bone disease 13 (26%) patients had pathological fracture.Maximum numbers of patients 6(46.1%) belongs to age range of 50-59 years. Out of 13 patients, 7(53.8%) were male 6(46.1%) patients were female. 
Game-like interactive exercise versus visual feedback in patients with chemotherapy induced peripheral neuropathy post mastectomy: A randomized comparative study
Get PDFBackground Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is one of the most frequent side effects of antineoplastic agents, with a prevalence of 19 to 85%. In terms of clinical manifestations, CIPN is primarily a sensory neuropathy with motor and autonomic alterations of varying intensity and duration. CIPN consider as major problem for both cancer patients and survivors, as well as for their healthcare providers, possibly increasing the risk of falling. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of game-like interactive exercise versus visual feedback training on the risk of falling and sensory integration in patients with chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy after mastectomy. Methods: In this randomized comparative study, 30 female patients diagnosed with chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy after mastectomy were randomly allocated into two equal groups; group (A) underwent game-like interactive exercise using the Biodex Balance System (BBS), while group (B) underwent a visual feedback training program using BBS. The treatment was applied for three sessions per week for four consecutive weeks. All subjects in both groups were assessed using the fall risk index and sensory integration test (sway index) in four sensory conditions at baseline and at the end of the study for both groups
An efficient enhanced medicinal leaf image production using Adaptive Gamma Correction Weighting Distribution (AGCWD) algorithm with guided filter
Get PDFThe quality of an image is always degraded by the random variation called noise which is included in the contrast, intensity and other properties like brightness. Noise is added with an image during the digital image transmission. The image sensors are always affected by the normal physical environment factors like temperature, scanner dust particles and the parametric characteristics of the lens and the camera. Noise removal is important in the image transmission because any interference in the transmission channel can include noise into it. A medicinal plant leaf needs to be disease free for a harmless medicine production. It becomes a necessity for a method to produce a more contrast enhanced image with the efficient noise removal mechanism. The paper proposes a combinational approach of an Adaptive Gamma Correction Weighting Distribution (AGCWD) which mainly serves to enhance the contrast of the image and the Noise removal mechanism which is performed by a guided filter. The proposed method evaluated various performance metrics like Mean square error (MSE), Image enhancement factor (IEF), Peak Signal to noise Ratio (PSNR) And Mean Absolute Error (MAE). The evaluation of the proposed system gave more better performance results than while using the existent Bilateral filter
A systematic review on the applications of nanoparticles in dentistry
Get PDFBackground: Nanotechnology plays a very important role in producing dental compounds. In recent years, a variety of nanoparticles have been used to enhance the properties of these compounds. However, less attention has been paid to the implications of the toxic effects of metallic nanoparticles. The purpose of this systematic review was to review studies evaluating the toxic effects of metal nanoparticles used in dentistry to determine whether long-term use of these compounds has toxic effects. Methods: Electronic search of studies in Pubmed, Scopus, Medline, and google scholar databases was performed until December 2020, according to PRISMA guidelines (preferential reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis). Results: During the initial research, 325 papers were collected. After reviewing the texts, eliminating duplicates, and applying inclusion criteria, only 10 of these were selected for qualitative review. The results of the studies showed that the use of short-term metallic nanoparticles does not result in increased cytotoxicity. Conclusion: Dental compounds containing metallic nanoparticles had higher cytotoxic activity than unmodified raw materials, but overall, during the short-term review, these studies did not indicate a significant difference in cytotoxicity
Diagnostic accuracy of uterine artery doppler velocimetry in patients with placenta previa
Get PDFBackground; The placenta previa (PP) is an obstetric problem in which the placental tissue is improperly located inside the lower uterine segment. Aim and objectives: was to see how effective uterine artery Doppler velocimetry was in detecting unusually morbidly adhering placentas in patients who had had one or more prior caesarean sections with placenta previa. Subjects and methods; Cross-sectional research of 100 patients was undertaken in the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, El- Sayed Galal Hospital, AL- Azhar University. Result; Our results showed highly statistically significant correlation between the presence of abnormal lacunae and histopathological confirmation (P-value > 0.001). In addition, the overall Sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and accuracy were 90%, 100%, 100%, 64.2%, 91.6%. This criterion showed very high sensitivity and specificity with very high positive predictive value and accuracy to become the most important criteria, Conclusion; As a result of this, we conclude that the accuracy of abnormal placental lacunae, loss of the reto-placental clear zone, myometrial thinning, and utero-vesical hypervascularity are the most critical ultrasound criteria for diagnosing placenta accreta in patients who had a previous CS with a placenta previa overlying the previous uterine scar
Impact of HCV ns5a resistance associated substitutions on treatment outcome of chronic HCV in daclatasvir-based antiviral regimens
Get PDFBackground: RASs have direct relation to the treatment outcome in chronic HCV patients receiving DAAs. Aim and objectives: to evaluate prevalence of NS5A HCV RASs and their impact on the treatment outcome in daclatasvir-based antiviral regimens in a cohort of Egyptian patients. Subjects and methods: This study was conducted on 40 Egyptian chronic HCV patients at the virology unit of Cairo Fatemya hospital. The study participants were recruited from cases attending the virology unit of Cairo Fatemya hospital in the period from 1/11/2019 to 1/6/2020. Those patients were divided to two equal groups: responders and non responders (20 patient each).Result:Significant difference was found between the two groups as regard RAS in NS5A region in amino acid position 332 (K substitution was detected in responders while E substitution was detected in non-responders), There was a significant difference between the two groups of studied patients as regard RAS in NS5A region in amino acid position 28 (L substitution was found in responders while M substitution was found in non-responders).Conclusion; Although our results showed that RASs against NS5A and NS5B inhibitors have impact on treatment outcome, this finding needs to be confirmed by a larger study
Evaluating the impact of hand washing education on the knowledge and practice of third-grade students in Tehran
Get PDFBackground and Aim: Proper hand washing can prevent the spread of disease. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of hand washing education program on knowledge and practices of student aged 8-9 years. Methods: The present study is an experimental non-randomized clinical trial with a control group. One girl school and one boy school were selected as the experimental group and one boy school and one girl school were selected as the control group. Random sampling was performed and 38 people were included in the experimental group and 38 people were included in the control group. To collect data in both groups, a general questionnaire, a knowledge questionnaire, and a checklist for hand washing practice were used. The educational program for 9-year-old children was held in 3 sessions of 20-25 minutes and in groups of 3-5 people, for 3 consecutive days. Three weeks after the education, the knowledge questionnaire was completed by the students and the practice checklist was completed in collaboration with the health instructor. 
Topical interferon Alpha-2b in refractory limbal vernal keratoconjunctivitis: a case report
Get PDFPurpose: To report our experience of managing a steroid resistant limbal vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) by topical interferon alpha-2b (IFN- 2b) eye drops. Methods: Case report Results: A 20-year-old man was referred to our cornea clinic with the chief complaints of itching and photophobia in eyes and foreign body sensation, redness, and ptosis in a both eyes. He had a 10-year history of gradually enlarging limbal gelatinous masses on both eyes, which according to the other signs and impression cytology (IC) was diagnosed as a VKC. As the disease in his left eye was more severe and persistent with maximum topical steroid usage, we started the topical IFN- 2b eye drops, that a rapid therapeutic response was observed. After three months of using the topical IFN- 2b all ocular surface inflammation and other symptoms rapidly disappeared and we continued this drug till another 3 months, at 12-months follow-up, there was no recurrence of the limbal papillary hypertrophic lesions and other signs and symptoms of VKC. Conclusion: In a refractory VKC, topical IFN- 2b can be used and enhance remission in such complex cases and can resolve patient’s complains rapidly
Prognostic value of clinical signs and CT-scan findings in renal colic patients referred to emergency department of Imam hospital in sari in 2021
Get PDFBackground: The aim of this study was to investigate the positive predictive value of CT scan findings and clinical signs in choice of clinical management of renal colic patients referred to the emergency department of Imam Hospital in Sari in 2020-2021. Method: A cross-sectional study was performed on all patients with renal colic who were admitted to the emergency department in Sari Imam Khomeini Hospital, in 2021. 167 patients with acute renal colic in terms of clinical manifestations, laboratory findings, and CT scan findings were evaluated.Results: In the present study, 55 patients (32.9%) underwent TUL treatment and 112 patients (67.1%) had spontaneous excretion. 48.9% of people with clinical symptoms of abdominal pain and 27% of people without symptoms of abdominal pain finally underwent TUL treatment (p = 0.008). The incidence of TUL in patients with stone size> 5 mm was significantly higher than those with stones ≤5 mm (P <0.001) and the majority of patients with stones in the upper and middle third of the ureter were in the TUL group. The majority of patients had spontaneous excretion despite stones in the lower third and UVJ (p = 0.021).