International journal of health sciences
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Self-efficacy and its relationship to self-care among type II diabetic patients
Get PDFBackground: High level of self-efficacy and adherence to self-care activities have a positive impact on the achievement of glycemic goal among diabetic patients. There is a gap in knowledge related to self-efficacy management and its influence on adherence to self-care activities and overall disease control. Therefore, the study aimed to assess the relationship between self-efficacy and self-care among type II DM.Methods: A correlational study was conducted on a sample of 400 patients is selected purposively who are diagnosed with type II DM who attended AL-Zahraa Teaching Hospital in Wasit Province/ Iraq. The reliability of the questionnaire was achieved through a pilot study and then presented to experts to prove its validity. The total number of items included in the questionnaire was 34-items for self-efficacy and 30= items for self-care. The data was collected by using the semi-structured interview and analyzed by the application of descriptive and inferential statistical data analysis approach.Results: Out of 400 patients participated in the study indicated that (72.5%) exhibited a moderate level of self-efficacy and (59.8%) inadequate self-care. 
The effect of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) on bladder contractility in diabetic men
Get PDFAims: To clarify the effect of DM type 2 on bladder contractility in type 2 diabetic patients. Methods: Patients (60 adult male patients) with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) underwent a detailed urodynamic investigation. Urodynamic findings were classified as diabetic cystopathy [DC, characterized by impaired bladder sensation, increased post-void residual urine (PVR) and increased bladder capacity and decreased bladder contractility], detrusor overactivity. Results: All the patients in the diabetic group had type 2 diabetes mellitus for average 14 years and only 9/60 patients(15% of the diabetic group) has weak detrusor contractility their BCI less than 100. The rest of diabetic group 51/60 (85%) had good detrusor contractility. This means that diabetes (even with long duration>10 years) does not affect the detrusor contractility in our diabetic patients. 30 patients of the group (50%) had increased cystometric capacity (>450 CC),12 patients (20%) had reduced cystometric capacity (<250CC) while the rest of the patients(18 patients i.e. 30%) had average cystometric capacity(300 :450CC). 30 patients of the group (50%) had increased post voiding residual urine volume (PVR)(PVR up to 500 CC),while 30 patients of the group (50%)had normal PVR(<100CC)
Analytical method development and validation of rivaroxaban in bulk and pharmaceutical dosage form by using RP-HPLC
Get PDFA simple, specific, accurate, and precise reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC0 method was developed and validated to analyse Rivaroxaban bulk dosage form. Using Sun Q C18 HPLC column separation was carried out. This was maintained at ambient temperature. During separation mobile phase consist of Acetonitrile : Buffer(sodium acetate buffer) 80:20 was delivered at a flow rate of 1mL/min. Using UV detector analysis was carried out at the wavelength 249 nm. RP-HPLC method was validated by using various parameter like system suitability, linearity, specificity, precision, limit of detection, limit of quantification and robustness. The RP-HPLC method was found to be linear over the concentration range from 5-30 µg/mL (r2 =0.994). Retention time for bulk rivaroxaban was found to be 3.69 min. LOQ of method was 1.331 µg/mL and LOD 0.439 µg/mL. Thus the developed RP-HPLC method was found to be robust which can be applied for the regular analysis of Rivaroxaban in the bulk as well as pharmaceutical dosage for
Iraqi EFL teachers, supervisors and students’ perception of CLT principles and practices at Iraqi schools: A study of its benefits, snags, and future directions
Get PDFEven though in recent decades a bulk of studies have been accomplished on the use of communicative language teaching (CLT) in English as a foreign language (EFL) environments, fairly a limited numbers of studies precisely dealt with investigating the attitudes of language teachers, students and supervisors concerning the principals of CLT in the context of Iraq. Henceforth, this study was designed to delve into the attitudes of teachers, learners and supervisors about the implementation. To this end, the study was accomplished using a mixed method design. The present study was carried out in two phases: designing and using a questionnaire plus interviewing the teachers, students and supervisors (51 language learners, 41 teachers and 28 supervisors), the researcher selected three language institutes of Al-Diwaniyah Iraq. The findings disclosed that although both groups of participants held favorable attitudes toward CLT, teacher participants had significantly higher levels of perception regarding CLT tenets in terms of the role of grammar, the learner’s role, the teacher’s role, and error correction and evaluation. Nevertheless, no significant differences were found between language learners, teachers and supervisors concerning group/pair work and native language role
Preparation and characterization of new compounds for schiff base derived from furfural, study of some physical applications and evaluation of their biological activity
Get PDFThis research includes the preparation of Schiff bases from heterocyclic compounds using furfural by the traditional method (sublimation), where mono- and diamine compounds were used. The compounds were diagnosed using FT-IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, UV-Vis Mass, and SEM to determine the shape of the molecule and whether it is nanoscale. The biological activity that showed moderate to high inhibitory ratios were also evaluated, and measured the molar electrical conductivity of some of them was
Preparation and characterization of new compounds for esters and polymers derived from furfural, study of some physical applications and evaluation of their biological activity
Get PDFThis research includes the preparation of esters and loading of polymers through the reaction of amino acids derived from furfural with alcohols and polyvinyl alcohol by the traditional method (sublimation). 1:1 mol) and then reacts the product of Schiff's bases with the anhydride. The compounds were diagnosed using infrared spectroscopy (IR), nuclear magnetic resonance (1H, 13C-NMR), UV-Vis spectroscopy, and mass spectrometry (Mass). Laser bombardment was also performed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) to determine the shape of the particle and whether it was a nanoparticle or not. Also, the biological activity was evaluated on four types of karma-positive and gram-negative pathogenic bacteria, which showed moderate to high inhibitory ratios and measured the molar electrical conductivity of some of them. The products were confirmed by the physical changes that occurred to them, such as color, molecular weight, and melting point
Determination of cefdinir in pharmaceutical preparations by oxidative conjugation method
Get PDFIn order to detect of Cefidinir (CEF) in its pure form and in its pharmaceuticals have been devised the proposed methods were: (I) oxidative conjugation in an alkaline medium between (CEF) and regent "p-Aminobanzoicacid" to produce an intense yellow colored product, (II) oxidative conjugation between (CEF) and 2,4-Dipyridin in an alkaline medium to generate a bright golden yellow colored product. Absorption of the reagent p-Aminobanzoicacid is 0.589 in 467nm, and highest absorption of the reagent 2,4-Dipyridin is 0.851 in724 nm, with molar absorptivity of 4.99×104 Lmol.cm, and 9.25×104 Lmol.cm. The limits of detection (LOD) for p-Aminobanzoicacid" and 2,4-Dipyridin were found to be 0.033 g/ml, and 0.007 respectively. In both its pure form and pharmaceutical forms, the proposed approach was successful in estimating "This drug..
Synthesis, structural investigation and molecular docking studies of pyridinyl tetrahydroisoquinoline, morpholine and piperidine containing schiff's bases
Get PDFThe present work was conducted to synthesize some Schiff's bases derived from pyridinyl tetrahydroisoquinoline, morpholine and piperidine moieties by the condensation reaction of aminobenzaldehyde with various aromatic amines in good to excellent yield. The structures of synthesized compounds were confirmed by 1H NMR, 13C NMR and mass spectra (ESI-MS) data. These compounds also evaluated for their in silico anti-microbial properties by molecular docking studies. Docking studies were carried out by using Argus Lab 4.0.1 software
Drones as a form of security: A critical analysis of targeted killings asa pre-emptive security
Get PDFThis paper has discussed the question of using drone as a form of pre-emptive security. This is a very old discussion and has divided the academic society into two sides. One of them talks in favour of using drone whereas other talks about not using it as a form of pre-emptive measure. The author in the present paper has used Bethlem’s theory, consequential theory and cited a few scholars to submit that in the case of terrorism, drone should be used a pre-emptive measure
Prevalence of Giardia lamblia among children in Sulaimani city, Iraq
Get PDFIntestinal protozoan parasites Giardia lamblia (G.L) (Giardia duodenalis, G. lamblia, or G. intestinalis) is a flagellated zoonotic parasite are extremely common in impoverished nations, posing major public health risks. The majority of Giardia lamblia infections are asymptomatic. However, sometime abdominal pain, diarrhea, and fever are the most common clinical symptoms of giardiasis, especially in children. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of G.L among children in Sulaimani city, North of Iraq. This study was conducted from January to April 2022. The incidence of giardiasis was investigated in Jamal Ahmad Rashid Pediatric Teaching Hospital. A total of (6600) samples from general stool exam (GSE) by direct microscopic examination were studied. Male and Female, Personal Hygiene, and Eating Habits were all investigated in order to identify a link between giardiasis prevalence and these characteristics. Out of 6600 samples of GSE examined, 19 (0.2%) were positive for G.L. The prevalence rate of G.L among males were 11 (57.9%) which is higher than female 8 (42.1%). In prevalence of G.L according to months, the highest prevalence rate was recorded in April and the lowest prevalence rate were in January and February for both (males and females).