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Association of PDE8B gene polymorphisms with thyroid disorders: A meta-analysis and systematic review
Get PDFThyroid disorders are the most common endocrine disorders worldwide. PDE8B is strongly expressed in the thyroid and to a lower extent in the pituitary and hypothalamus. PDE8B gene affects the synthesis of T3 and T4 and regulates the release of TSH by the pituitary gland. Therefore, PDE8B single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs 6885099 and rs2046045 play a crucial part in the incidence of thyroid disorders, but the existing data is insufficient and contradictory. Materials & Methods. Meta-analysis was carried out to assess the relationship between PDE8B SNP’s rs 6885099 and rs 2046045 and thyroid diseases. The present meta-analysis included 9 distinct studies from January 2005 to 2021 accessible at PubMed, Embase and Google scholar. The funnel plot was used to assess the publication bias. Meta Essentials 1.5 software was employed for statistical data analysis. Q test was used to calculate heterogeneity between the studies. The heterogeneity-related variation was calculated by I2. The association between PDE8B polymorphism and thyroid diseases was analysed by fixed and random effect models. 
Sacral hiatus anatomical variations and clinical relevance in caudal epidural block
Get PDFObjective: For the management of perioperative pain control during procedures like genitourinary surgery and labor pain instances when the sacral epidural space technique is utilized for the application of analgesia, caudal epidural anesthesia (CEB) is frequently used. CEB is an anesthetic that is injected through the sacral hiatus (SH) into the sacral canal. Anatomical features of sacral hiatus that are in-depth are needed for the best possible access to the sacral epidural area. By employing the sacral bone as a point of reference to failure parameters for evaluating caudal epidural anesthesia and refining the success factors in practice, this study intends to explore the anatomical structures and variations of the Sacral hiatus. Material and methods: 85 sacral bones had their alignment points measured precisely morphometrically. Virtual calipers were used to take the readings were used to evaluate those utilizing photogrammetric techniques. Results: Inverted U was the most frequent sacral hiatus form reported (33.32%), although bifida and 6.8% 3.44% of cases frequently missing sacral hiatus were also seen. The mean Sacral hiatus length was 28.67.0 mm, the mean intracorneal distance was 13.472.68 mm, and the mean gap between the apex of the Sacral hiatus and S2 sacral foramen was 34.677.08 mm. 
Integrating augmented reality technology to enhance student's learning in physical education
Get PDFIn practically every professional sport, the usage of linked computerized performances and monitoring components, data analysis, augmented and virtual reality are standard things. Augmented reality in sporting is being shaped by the interaction of devices and information and communication technology advances. Nevertheless, without analysis, the data collected are useless. In the sporting industry, scientists and researchers are becoming more and more essential to human operations. Even if a variety of data, technology, new measurements, and analytics are readily available on our life, most participants in professional sports do not yet show a strong interest in sports analysis. In this study, we explore augmented reality tools in sport activities and consider augmented reality tools to improve health conditions of students at the universities
Prevalence of viral hepatitis amongst dental patients attending university dental clinics in Basrah
Get PDFBackground: Hepatitis is a highly infectious blood-borne disease affecting the population worldwide. The dental team is highly susceptible to acquiring the disease if get injured by contaminated sharp objects. Immunization against hepatitis B became widely obligatory for dental students and dental team members. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study collected data from the university of Basrah dental clinics. Patients attending oral surgery department clinics from January 2021 to December 2021 were screened for Viral Hepatitis B and Viral Hepatitis C by lateral flow test strips. Data were collected and prevalence was calculated. Results: The sample included 561 patients, having 12 patients being excluded for missing information and the remaining 549 were included in the quantitative assessment. The test results for Hepatitis B revealed 5 total prevalence of 0.91%. For the test results for Hepatitis C, there was a total prevalence of 0.73%. Conclusions: The prevalence of Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C are relatively low among dental patients. However, the importance of screening is highly recommended to minimize the risk of transmission
The effect of patient’s characteristics on CYP2C19 polymorphisms based on weight and gender groups of epileptic seizure patients taking divalproex sodium
Get PDFValproic acid (VPA) is one of the most commonly used antiepileptic drugs and has broad indications for various types of epilepsy. Despite its broad spectrum, one of the most widely reported side effects of VPA is weight gain. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of demographic characteristics on genetic factors of CYP2C19 polymorphism in gender and weight changes. The research method used is analytic observational with a cross sectional study design involving two different groups and compared at the same time. Statistical analysis in this study using multiple linear regression. In observational results, it was known that the type of valproic acid (regular valproic acid and extended release) and free testosterone levels had a statistically significant effect on CYP2C19 polymorphisms (p < 0.05) in the body group. Meanwhile, in the gender group, it was found that female gender with a family history of obesity had a significant influence on the incidence of CYP2C19 polymorphisms, while characteristics such as age, dose, duration of therapy, type of epilepsy, free-testosterone levels, and total estradiol levels did not have a significant effect on CYP2C19 polymorphisms. Cytochrome (CYP) P450 enzymes play an important role in VPA metabolism)
Frequency distribution of hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotypes in Iraqi patients
Get PDFInfection with the hepatitis B virus can lead to asymptomatic carrier status, developing into severe chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Ten genotypes (A-J) and 46 sub-genotypes have been discovered. As a result, the current study was conducted to determine HBV genotypes in Iraqi patients. RT-PCR was used to determine the highest viral load in infected subjects and then used for screening HBV genotyping. The results showed that HBV genotype distribution among HBV infected patients was as follows: genotypes C, A, B, and D (8.5%, 5%, 4.3%, and 2.1%, respectively). In addition, the value of the viral load was higher with genotype C compared to A, B, and D HBV genotyping. This study concluded that mono-genotypes prevalent in patients infected with HBV and genotype C were more prevalent. In addition to the existence of a relationship between viral load and genotyping
Effect of spraying cytokinin, populist extract and copper sulfate on some vegetative growth traits of fig-trees, Aswood Diyala cultivar (Ficus carica L.)
Get PDFThis study was conducted in one of the private orchards in Babylon province for the season 2020 - in which 54 fig trees of homogeneous size and growth strength were selected and planted at distances (5 x 5 m).: The experiment is implemented by (R.C.B.D) and with three replicates of cytokinin were (0, 100, 200 Mg.L-1) and populists extract (0, 10, 20) g. L-1, and CuSo4 (0, 2) g. L-1.Storage experiment: It included the selection of a quantity of fruits at the beginning of maturity and the healthy fruits were selected from them and were placed in polyethylene bags perforated with 12 holes with a diameter of 5 mm at a rate of 1 kg of fruits in each bag for each treatment and then stored at a temperature of 5 ° C and relative humidity of 85 - 80% for 8 days After the storage period, the traits were measured. The results were analyzed using the same design method in the field experiment
A validated LC-MS method for the estimation of genotoxic nitroso amines impurities in empagliflozin
Get PDFBackground: Nitrosamine impurities are known to be mutagenic and carcinogenic, and even minor exposure to these impurities can result in genotoxicity. Objective: The objective of this study was to develop and validate simple, robust and accurate Liquid Chromatography coupled with Mass spectroscopy (LC-MS) method for estimation of nitroso amine impurities [N-nitroso dimethyl amine (NDMA), N-nitroso diethylamine (NDEA), N-nitroso ethyl isopropylamine (NEIA), N- Nitroso diisopropylamine (NDIPA)] in empagliflozin. Method & Results: Aqueous ammonia buffer (0.10%) in a mixture of methanol (5:95 v/v), flow rate, and injection volume were 0.4mL/min, 20µL, respectively. Linearity was observed in the concentration range of 0.05-0.5 ppm (r2 =1). The retention time of NDMA, NDEA, NEIA and NDIPA were 6.412, 7.172, 7.486 and 7.719, respectively. The method was validated according to ICH guidelines with good reproducibility, and the limits of detection were 0.03 ppm for NDMA, NEIA and NDIPA and 0.02 ppm for NDEA, respectively. The limit of quantitation for NDMA, NEIA and NDIPA was 0.09 ppm and 0.06 ppm for NDEA, respectively. Conclusion: The proposed method is helpful for the best analysis of nitrosamine impurities in dosage forms of empagliflozin within a shorter duration of time
Assessment of inflammatory markers as predictor of outcome in COVID-19 patients on noninvasive ventilator in ICU setup
Get PDFAccording to the existing evidence, inflammatory reactions appear to have a significant impact on the emergence of COVID-19. This study aims to determine the severity of COVID-19-associated laboratory measures, particularly in patients receiving non-invasive ventilation. METHOD: This observational study involved 150 patients who were on non-invasive ventilation and tested positive for the Covid19 RTPCR/GENEXPERT gene. C reactive protein, D dimer, and ferritin examinations were frequently collected and Data were entered. Microsoft Excel, and SPSS software version 17.0 was used for the statistical analysis. The components of descriptive statistics are mean, standard deviation, frequency, and percentage. Student T-test was used to evaluate CRP, D Dimer, and ferritin between covid positive patients' outcome variables P<0.05 significant analysis will be done using SPSS software version 25. Result: CRP levels were above 10; 131 patients with bad outcomes (59) and 73 patients (55.7) survived. Thirty-five patients (39%) and 55 patients (61%) with D-dimer values of 1 survived. 64 Patients (50.8%) with ferritin levels of more than 300 survived, while 62 Patients (48%) died. Conclusion: In our study population, elevated ferritin and D-dimer levels were found to be related to bad outcomes, whereas elevated CRP levels did not
Humanitarian aid involvement factors among IMARET volunteers
Get PDFIn many domains, core activities of people’s lives would be disrupted if volunteers were not present to provide much-needed help especially medical-based mobile clinics that rely heavily on the labour of volunteers. This study was designed to identify the factors related to humanitarian aid involvement of volunteers, to discover the background of volunteers attending Islamic Medical Association of Malaysia (IMAM) Response and Relief Team (IMARET) mobile clinic and outreach mission and to determine the association between the humanitarian aid involvement factors and the background of volunteers. This cross-sectional study used Volunteer Function Inventory (VFI) scale to measure the motivation factors of volunteers and total of 178 volunteers were recruited. Among the six motivation factors such as values, protective, understanding, enhancement, security and social factors being studied, understanding factor was found out to be the highest factor that motivated the volunteers. Based on the Fisher’s Exact Test, the motivation factors were found to have no association with the demographic data of volunteers. This study suggests that non-profit organisations should be aware that people joining volunteering or humanitarian aid work were not influenced by their sociodemographic characteristics