International journal of health sciences
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Ethical considerations in laboratory, pharmacy, and nursing collaboration: Challenges and solutions
Full text linkBackground: Ethic in lab, ethic in pharmacy and ethic in nursing are central components in today’s health and medicine delivery which involves cooperation from different fields of practice including laboratory, pharmacy, nursing and medicine. However, the ethical requirement applicable in each of the professions may at times prove difficult to implement while their responsibilities intersect. Aim: This work intends to examine the ethical standards that underpin laboratory, pharmacy and nursing processes; establish the problems that may ensue from the interdisciplinary framework; and recommend measures that would promote sound ethical functioning in the health-care setting. Methods: A presentation of the ethical issues in health care, samples of ethical issues in health care, and the evaluation of approaches to enhancing interprofessional communication and collaboration and decision made were performed. The place of technology and the legal solutions for the ethical approaches was also discussed. Results: It was evidenced that the regulations of each profession were based on some eth limited set of principles including beneficence, non-maleficence, autonomy, justice, and confidentiality. Ethical concerns are created by role confusion, inconsistent responsibilities and loyalties of different professionals, and effective communication problems. Some case descriptions pointed to the challenges with interprofessional approach in addressing these dilemmas. 
The impact of vaccinations on disease prevention: A comprehensive analysis of their role in enhancing global public health and reducing morbidity and mortality rates
Full text linkBackground: Vaccination is one of the most effective public health interventions, responsible for the prevention of millions of deaths and the near-eradication of several infectious diseases, such as smallpox and polio. Despite these successes, disparities in vaccine coverage and the rise of vaccine hesitancy pose significant challenges to global health. Aim: This paper aims to evaluate the impact of vaccinations on disease prevention by analyzing their role in reducing global morbidity and mortality rates. Additionally, it explores the challenges and strategies associated with increasing vaccination coverage to enhance public health outcomes. Methods: A comprehensive literature review of peer-reviewed journals, WHO reports, and global health data was conducted. Statistical analyses were applied to assess vaccination trends and their correlation with reductions in disease burden. Case studies of vaccination programs in high-income and low-income settings were also included to highlight disparities. Results: Vaccinations have significantly reduced the prevalence of diseases such as measles, polio, and HPV-related cancers, with a measurable decline in morbidity and mortality rates. However, regional disparities in vaccine access and vaccine hesitancy, fueled by misinformation and systemic inequities, continue to undermine these successes. Innovative delivery mechanisms and targeted public health campaigns have shown promise in addressing these challenges. 
Predictive factors for intracranial hemorrhage in patients with traumatic brain injury
Full text linkBackground: Intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) is a critical neurological condition that occurs due to the rupture of cerebral blood vessels, leading to blood infiltration into brain parenchyma. It is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality, with a greater impact on disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) compared to ischemic stroke. The primary causes of non-traumatic ICH are small-vessel disease (SVD) and cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA), which are affected by aging, hypertension, and other risk factors. Timely diagnosis and management of ICH are crucial due to the potential for hematoma expansion and subsequent neurological impairment. Aim: This study aims to identify predictive factors associated with ICH in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) and provide insights into improving patient outcomes through early diagnosis and intervention. Methods: A cohort study design was utilized to assess the predictive factors influencing ICH development in patients diagnosed with TBI. Clinical, radiological, and demographic data were collected, including age, sex, blood pressure, and medical history. Statistical analyses were performed to identify key predictors of ICH, such as the presence of hypertension, anticoagulant use, and delayed imaging. Results: The findings indicated that older age, high blood pressure, and the use of antithrombotic medications were significant predictors of ICH. 
The role of pharmaceutical laboratories in drug development and quality control
Full text linkBackground: Pharmaceutical laboratories have social significance and their duty involves essential involvement in drug development as well as compliance with quality parameters for the betterment of patient status. Aim: Analytical techniques and innovations, quality control in drug development and pharmaceutical laboratories are what this particular study seeks to bring to the forefront. Methods: There is a need to have some literature review and previous studies for determination of drug development stages, preclinical analysis and the control of quality. Results: Labs improve on the effectiveness of a drug through quality mechanisms, advancement in technology and other legal measures. Conclusion: Pharmaceutical laboratories play a central role to facilitate safe and effective drugs and other anticipations in the future developments of medicine
Identification and characterization of some phytopathogenic fungi in post-harvest potato (Solanum tuberosum) in the El Oued Region (Eastern Northern Sahara, Eastern Algeria)
Full text linkThe global staple crop, the potato (Solanum tuberosum L.), is susceptible to post-harvest rot caused by various fungal pathogens.These pathogens lead to a significant reduction in potato quality and marketable yield. Our study aimed to isolate and identify different phytopathogenic fungi present on potato tubers after harvest in the El Oued region of Eastern Sahara, Algeria. We utilized Potato’s Dextrose Agar (PDA) culture medium for isolating and identifying molds. Macroscopic examination was performed with the naked eye and under a binocular microscope. Microscopic examination allowed us to determine certain morphological characteristics such as spore type and thallus shape. Total genomic DNA was extracted from seven-day-old cultures using a commercial NucleoSpin Plant II kit.Based on morphological features and molecular analyses of spore isolates, using nucleotide sequences from the internal transcribed spacer (ITS), the results of 18S rDNA analysis confirmed that the fungi infesting the tubers were identified as Fusarium proliferatum, Alternaria alternaria, Rhizoctonia solani, and Wickerhamomyces anomalus. This study represents the first report of Fusarum proliferatum,Alternaria alternate,Rhizooctonia solani and wickerhamommces anomalus causing wilt diseases, dry rot, Canker and black scurf of potato tubers in southern Algeria
Evaluation of the risk factors of hemodialysis procedure-associated cardiac arrhythmias in end stage renal disease Egyptian patients
Full text linkBackground: Hemodialysis patients carry a large burden of cardiovascular disease, accounting for up to 41% of deaths, of which half are ascribed to sudden cardiac death (SCD). The pathophysiology of SCD is thought to result from the combination of a vulnerable myocardium and an acute pro-arrhythmic trigger that leads to a terminal arrhythmia. Approximately two thirds of the cardiac deaths are consistently attributed to arrhythmias. Aim: The study aimed to improve the clinical status of hemodialysis (HD) patients through detection of HD procedure associated cardiac arrhythmias, prevention of its risk factors and related complications. Subjects and Methods: Observational study that included 60 maintenance HD patients to assess the prevalence of electrocardiographic changes before, during, and after HD in patients who are on maintenance HD in the out/inpatient departments of Suez Canal University. Results: The study showed a high prevalence of electrocardiographic changes among the studied sample, representing 78.3%. Receiving HD for more than 5 years, glomerulonephritis (GN) being the primary cause of end stage renal disease (ESRD), intradialytic hypotension (IDH), and high pre-dialysis Na, K, and Po4 were all factors that were statistically significant associated with electrocardiographic changes. 
Proposing a training battery using adapted exercise for overweight women with cancer and its effect on weight loss: A field study in rehabilitation centers in Ain Wasara
Full text linkPhysical activity plays a crucial role in reducing obesity among cancer patients. Regular exercise has been shown to have numerous benefits for individuals undergoing cancer treatment, helping to mitigate the adverse effects of both the disease and its treatments. Here are ten key points highlighting the importance of physical activity in combating obesity in cancer patients. Weight Management: Engaging in regular physical activity is essential for maintaining a healthy weight, which is particularly important for cancer patients to reduce the risk of obesity-related complications. For example Metabolic Health: Exercise helps regulate metabolism, contributing to improved insulin sensitivity and glucose control, crucial factors in preventing and managing obesity. Muscle Mass Preservation: Physical activity aids in preserving lean muscle mass, which is often compromised during cancer treatments, helping patients maintain a healthier body composition. Improved Cardiovascular Health: Regular exercise enhances cardiovascular health, reducing the risk of heart-related issues that may arise in conjunction with obesity and certain cancer treatments
Upper limb ischemia at birth: A case report from Saudi Arabia
Full text linkThe aim of this case report: is to present and discuss the clinical features, diagnostic challenges, management strategies, and outcomes of two cases involving upper limb ischemia in neonates. By examining these cases, we aim to contribute to the understanding of the underlying causes, diagnostic pathways, and potential interventions for neonates presenting with upper limb ischemia, emphasizing the importance of early diagnosis and appropriate management to minimize complications and enhance patient outcomes. Discussion Summary: ABS presents a range of fetal abnormalities caused by fibrous bands in the womb, leading to deformities and developmental interruptions. Limb constriction rings are common, potentially resulting in limb loss or digit deformities. Neonatal limb ischemia, particularly acute limb ischemia, is rare but associated with catheterization. In utero compression ischemia, often affecting the brachial artery, can lead to limb ischemia. Risk factors include maternal conditions like diabetes, dehydration, and more. Proper delivery planning is crucial for macrosomic infants. Diagnosis and management of neonatal limb ischemia are challenging. Doppler ultrasound is the primary diagnostic tool, with fetal CT enhancing prenatal assessment. Thrombolytic therapy, including alteplase and heparin, is a common treatment
Evaluation of the diagnostic performance of estimated fecal calprotectin and serum intelectin-1 and C-reactive protein solo or in combination for differentiation between patients with query ulcerative colitis, Crohn’s disease and irritable bowel syndrome
Full text linkBackground: Gut-brain contact has been linked recently to functional gastrointestinal problems. This interaction begins with immune cells invading the mucosa, which then causes intestinal cells to release nociceptive mediators either directly or indirectly. These mediators can cause visceral hypersensitivity by activating sensitized neurons. Reduced serum levels of intelectin-1 may distinguish among studied cases with UC & healthy controls as well as among IBS studied cases & studied cases with UC. This is as UC studied case samples had significantly lower levels of ITLN1 than do control & IBS studied case samples, & IBS studied case samples & healthy controls did not differ significantly. Aim: in this review; Our objective was to assess the diagnostic efficacy of serum intelectin-1, C-reactive protein, & estimated faecal calprotectin alone or in combination for distinguishing individuals with ulcerative colitis from those with irritable bowel syndrome, Summary: High FCP & low serum ITLN1 together can be able to distinguish UC from IBS, predict colonoscopic & microscopic results of UC, & avoid the need for colonoscopy & biopsy, particularly in IBS studied cases. Raised FCP & lowered serum ITLN1 may distinguish UC from IBS by precisely predicting the microscopic & colonoscopic diagnostic results of UC
The relationship between medical and health procedures and sports injuries in senior football players: A field study of senior football players in the State of Medea
Full text linkThis study aimed to investigate the relationship between medical and health procedures and sports injuries in senior football players in Medea, Algeria. The study used a descriptive-analytical approach with a survey methodology. The sample included all senior football players in Medea for the 2022-2023 season. Striving to enhance player health and reduce athletic injuries, we propose a multifaceted approach: regular, thorough medical assessments for accurate health monitoring, comprehensive educational materials and programs promoting preventative healthcare practices, and clear communication of the direct impact of medical procedures on injury rates. By implementing these measures, we can build a robust healthcare framework that prioritizes player well-being and minimizes the risk of sports-related injuries. The study also found that a large proportion of players in the sample consume stimulants such as coffee and tea. However, the majority of players do not smoke or use drugs or doping