International journal of health sciences
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Evaluation of the ability of some local soil fungi to produce oxalic acid under different conditions
Get PDFThe aim of this study was to isolate fungi from soil and evaluate their ability to produce oxalic acid, then determine the most productive fungal isolate and the optimal conditions for acid production. All fungal isolates were oxalate producers, and the most efficient fungal species was A.niger, followed by A.flavus, then Rizoctonia solani with production rates of 4.05% , 3.54% , and 3.42% respectively , the rest isolates gave variable productivity. The optimum conditions for oxalate production were as follows ; (4%) sucrose as the best carbon source, (0.25%) ammonium sulfate as a best nitrogen source, (0.1%) hydrated magnesium sulfate as a best salt , (3%) which is equal to 1×106 spores/ml was the best inoculum size, the optimal pH value was equal to 6.5 , and 25°C represent an optimal temperature degree , for 7 days incubation period
Bibliometric analysis of publications by top 10 Indonesian universities ranked by QS World University Rankings 2022 indexed in PubMed.gov database
Get PDFThis research aims to visualize metadata of publications (authors, affiliations, keywords, and collaborative countries) authored by Indonesian academics and researchers from top 10 Indonesian universities according to QS World University Rankings in 2022. This study employed a bibliometric approach using a web-based application namely Biblioshiny to generate bibliometric map of metadata. PubMed.gov website was used as the database. The findings revealed that the published documents in PubMed.gov by top 10 Indonesian universities reached 6,327 items, authored by 21,629 academics and researchers, and published in 1,785 sources from 1974 to 2021. Based on the findings, Acta Medica Indonesiana was the most preferred Scopus-indexed journal by Indonesian authors, Gunadi was the most prolific author (n=64), Syam AF was the most collaborative author with 10 countries, and Universitas Indonesia was the most collaborative university among top 10 Indonesian affiliations. In addition, the most frequently occurring authors’ keyword was “humans” starting from 2020 at the time of COVID-19 pandemic, and the most consistent keyword was “magnetic resonance spectroscopy”, appearing for 17 years from 2003 to 2019. This study discovered interesting findings on publications by top 10 Indonesian-based institutions
Minor concerns underlying contraceptives: Are they valid?
Get PDFThe safety of hormonal contraceptives (HCs) has been discussed in multiple studies in the medical literature. HCs are effective contraception methods and are commonly prescribed worldwide. However, Women have many misconceptions leading them to avoid using HCs even when they are indicated. Therefore, the aim of this review was to discuss the most common questions and concerns in an objective manner regarding weight gain, mood changes, libido, the time needed to return to fertility after discontinuation, the effects of simultaneous use of antibiotics and some of the most common side effects. HCs were found to be beneficial in reducing symptoms of many physiological and non-physiological conditions including primary dysmenorrhea, heavy menstrual bleeding, hirsutism, and Endometriosis- related pain. HCs are safe and the available evidence support their usage
Olmesartan inhibits transdifferentiation of rabbit’s valvular interstitial cells into myofibroblast based on α – smooth muscle actin expression
Get PDFRecent studies revealed that differentiation of valvular interstitial cell (VIC) into myofibroblasts played an important role in valvular remodeling and fibrosis. Study was performed on in vitro cultured of VIC from New Zealand rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus). Isolated VIC was pretreated using 5 ng/mL of TGF-β1 and divided into groups of olmesartan (100 nanomol/L) as short 30 minutes exposure duration and as continuous 72 hours exposure duration. Inhibition of myofibroblast differentiation was quantified by the expression of α-SMA levels detected by immunofluorescence staining. Olmesartan administration either, as short 30 minutes exposure duration or as continuous 72 hours exposure duration, were significantly reduced TGF-β1-induced VIC differentiation into myofibroblast expressed by α-SMA levels compared to control (short 30 minutes exposure duration: 9.18 ±2.25, as continuous 72 hours exposure duration: 10.13 ±0.69, and control 22.29 ±2.78; p < 0.001), but without significant difference between the two treatment groups (p 0.403). Olmesartan both on short and continuous exposure can inhibit the differentiation of valve interstitial cells into myofibroblasts based on the expression of αSMA, but without a significant difference in the inhibitory effect
Risk factors of acute and chronic urticaria in dermatology and venereology outpatient clinic Dr. Soetomo General Academic Teaching Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
Get PDFUrticaria is a skin disorder characterized by localized redness or edema of the mucosa followed by an itching sensation that subsides within a day. Proper treatment not only requires pharmacological treatment but also preventive measures to reduce the impact of risk factors that can worsen the patient's urticaria complaints. This study is an observational study with a retrospective approach that aims to evaluate the risk factors of acute and chronic urticaria patients at Allergy Immunology Division Dermatovenereology Outpatient Clinic Dr. Soetomo General Academic Teaching Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia from 2018 to 2020. This study found 179 new urticaria patients with the number of acute urticaria patients 114 patients (63.7%) and chronic urticaria 65 patients (36.3%). The analysis was conducted based on the characteristics of the samples gender, age, atopic history with a p-value>0.05. There was a statistically significant correlation between Body Mass Index (BMI) (p=0.003). The multivariable logistic regression analysis showed BMI (OR=1.16; 95%CI=1.05-1.27; p=0.002) and history of allergic rhinitis (OR=4.32; 95%CI=1.25-14.86; p=0.020) were factors that played a significant role in the incidence of chronic urticaria
A study of morphological pattern of the talar articular facets in dry human calcanei and its clinical implications
Get PDFBackground: The calcaneum is longest and largest of all the tarsal bone. Morphology of the talar articular facets of calcanei is important for anatomy with respect to diagnosis and treatment of the injuries related to foot. Aims: This study was done to understand the variation in the morphology of talar articular facets on the superior surface of human calcanei and to study various shapes of these facets . Methods: 138 of adult dry calcanei 86 of right side and 52 of left side of unknown gender were taken from the museum of Department of Anatomy of Rohilkhand Medical College and Hospital, Bareilly and LBKMCH,Saharsa and evaluated one by one. Result: PatternI was 69.5% of the studied bones, Pattern II and Pattern III were 4.3% each, Pattern IV was 21.7%, Pattern V was not found. The anterior and middle articular facets were mostly oval in shape and that of posterior articular facet was oval and convex. The calcaneal length was recorded with the mean and SD of 6.9 ± 0. 65cms (left side) and 6.9 ± 0. 9cm (right side). The width was 4.0 ± 0.38 cm (left) ,4.1 ± 0.3 cm (right). 
Effectiveness of assistive devices on activity of daily living (ADL) and quality of life (QoL) in children with post-polio paralysis
Get PDFObjective: To assess the effectiveness of assistive devices to enhancethe activity of daily living (ADL) and quality (QoL) of life in post-polio paralyzed childrenvisitingthe rehabilitation centre of Peshawar, Pakistan. Methodology: It was an interventional study, before and after using the AT, carried out in the PIPOS rehabilitation centre, Peshawar, from 2021 January to July.A total of 246 children of age 10-15 years were recruited.Both the genders, male(159) and female (87) with post-polio paralysis, were included.Before the intervention, verbal consent was taken from all these children, semi-structured questionnaire was developed to see the effect of the assistive device usage before and after 6 months to check the quality of ADL and QoL.The SUNNAAS index for ADL and WHO-BREFindex for quality of life (QoL) were used. The analysis was done on STATA version 14.0. Results: Male 95 and female 65 children participated in our study. The meandifference was -8.658 was analyzedfor the SUNNAS index of ADL, and the mean of -22.479 and SD 6.350 for the WHO index of QoL were analyzed at a 95% confidence interval. Two paired t-test was significant, with a value of 0.000 P-value for both the indices
Comparison dose effects of vitamin C and zinc administration to inhibit klebsiella pneumoniae biofilms formation
Get PDFBackground: Klebsiella pneumoniae is a Gram-negative bacterium that form biofilm and causes various infections. Biofilms have important role in resistance to antibiotics. Alternative agents that can inhibit biofilms formation with minimal side effects is required. This study show effects of vitamin C and zinc to inhibit Klebsiella pneumoniae biofilms formation. Method: This experiment used clinically stored Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates using controls. Isolates other than control are exposed with vitamin C and zinc oral preparations with various doses invitro then Optical Density and percentage reduction in biofilm is calculated and compared. Results: Vitamin C and zinc had invitro-inhibiting effect on biofilms formation of Klebsiella pneumoniae at all doses. The differences in decrease of Optical Density biofilm from the doses used after statistical testing was significant (P < 0.05). The smallest Optical Density and the largest percentage of Optical Density reduction of biofilms is found in vitamin C 1000 mg and zinc 50 mg. Conclusion: There are differences in inhibition of biofilm formation Klebsiella pneumoniae in the administration of vitamin C and zinc, with higher dose of vitamin C and zinc, the inhibition of biofilms formation is greater
Dexamethasone and olmesartan as potential antiremodelling agents of valvular interstitial cell into myofibroblast
Get PDFRheumatic heart disease is a late complication of valvular inflammation caused by rheumatic fever. Studies have shown that the differentiation of valvular interstitial cells (VIC) into fibroblasts plays an important role in valvular remodeling and fibrosis. Various strategies to minimize valvular fibrosis has increased recently. This study aims to analyze the effect of dexamethasone, olmesartan, and its combination in inhibiting TGF-β1-induced VIC differentiation into myofibroblast. In vitro laboratory experimental-posttest only control group design was conducted. Isolated VIC of Oryctolagus cuniculus was pretreated using 2,5 ng/mL of TGF-β1 and divided into groups of dexamethasone (0.1 uM/L), olmesartan (100 nmol/L), and its combination. Inhibition of myofibroblast differentiation was quantified by the expression of α-SMA levels detected by immunofluorescence. Dexamethasone, olmesartan, and its combination administration were significantly reduced TGF-β1-induced VIC differentiation into myofibroblast expressed by α-SMA levels (dexamethasone 6823 ± 1735.3, olmesartan 6683.7 ± 2795.05). Combination of dexamethasone and olmesartan exhibit the most potent inhibition compared to control (5051.87 ± 1612.210 vs 22286.73 ± 2780.2; p < 0.000). In conclusion, dexamethasone, olmesartan, and the combination can significantly reduce the differentiation of VIC into myofibroblasts. The greatest potential is the combined effect of dexamethasone and olmesartan, while dexamethasone and olmesartan have the same potential
Histomorphorlogical and biochemical evaluation of oral administration of datura metel stramonium on the kidneys of adult male wistar rats
Get PDFDatura metel stramonium (leaves) extract has traditionally been used to treat swellings, burns, ulcers, asthma and sinus infections. However, report indicate that this plant is a strong poison and has been linked to delirium and acute poisoning, which may result in death. Aim: Histomorphological potentials and biochemical effects of Datura metel stramonium on the kidneys of adult male Wistar rats. Fresh Datura metel leaves were harvested, cleaned, air-dried and crushed into fine powder and cold macerated in 0.5 L of 80% v/v methanol in water for 72 hours and the resultant mixture was filtered using Whatman filter paper (No.1). The filtrate was condensed to dryness in vapour at 400C using water bath, yielding 9g (18% w/w) of a semi-solid extract and stored in the refrigerator at 40C until use. Twenty-four (24) adult male Wistar rats were divided into four (4) groups of six (6) animals each. Groups 1 (0.2ml of distilled water), 2 (200 mg/kg), 3 (400 mg/kg), and 4 (600 mg/kg) body weight/day had oral administration for twenty-eight (28) days. The Wistar rats were sacrificed by cervical dislocation and kidney tissues were excised for histomorphological and biochemical examinations.