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    1438 research outputs found

    Die Automobilindustrie im Wirtschaftspolitischen Spannungsfeld des Brexits

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    Ziel der Masterarbeit ist es, die Ursprünge des britischen Referendums, die komplexen Zusammenhänge sowie eine Follow-up-Analyse für den britisch-deutschen Markt und die Automobilindustrie zu untersuchen. Das Referendum ist das Ergebnis einer Migrationskrise, eines Zusammenbruchs rechtspopulistischer Parteien, einer weit verbreiteten Euroskepsis und der Sonderstellung Grossbritanniens in der Europäischen Union mit dem Wunsch nach Autonomie. Der Brexit hat seine historischen Wurzeln im neoliberalen System des Vereinigten Königreichs und damit in Deregulierungs- und Privatisierungsbestrebungen. Die wirtschaftlichen und politischen Hintergründe des Brexit, Details des Referendums, wirtschaftspolitische Folgen und mögliche Ausstiegsszenarien werden im Kontext der deutsch-britischen Wirtschaft und der Fallstudie der deutschen Automobilindustrie analysiert. Das Referendum vom 23. Juni 2016 markierte den Beginn einer organischen Krise in der Europäischen Union. In dieser Masterarbeit wird der Brexit-Kurs exemplarisch im Spannungsfeld zwischen der britisch-deutschen Wirtschaftskonstellation und dem Automobilsektor untersucht. Am Beispiel Automotive wird deutlich, welche negativen Folgen ein möglicher «harter Brexit» für die Branche hätte. «Hard Brexit» wiederum wäre die attraktivste Option für die Brexit-Wählerschaft, da die Forderungen nach einer eigenständigen Migrationspolitik berücksichtigt würden. Das Referendum bringt damit vielfältige politische und wirtschaftliche Herausforderungen mit sich. Das Vereinigte Königreich muss sich in der Übergangsphase auf eine Ausstiegsoption einigen oder Abkommen schliessen. Ohne ein Abkommen würden die WTO-Richtlinien gelten und es gäbe einen «Hard Brexit. » Das Vereinigte Königreich steht auch vor der Herausforderung, die soziale Kluft innerhalb der britischen Gesellschaft zu überwinden. Die Europäische Union ihrerseits verliert ihre zweitgrösste Volkswirtschaft. Die deutschen Automobilhersteller erhoffen sich ein Handelsabkommen auf der Grundlage des europäischen Binnenmarktes, um mögliche Absatzrisiken zu vermeiden.The aim of this master’s thesis is to investigate the origins of the British referendum, the complex interrelationships coupled with a follow-up analysis for the British-German market and the automotive industry. The referendum is a resul of a migra-tion crisis, a break-up of right-wing populist parties, widespread Euroscepticism and Britain’s special position in the European Union with a desire for autonomy. Brexit has its historical roots in the neoliberalist system of the United Kingdom and thus in deregulation and privatization efforts. The economic and political background of Brexit, details of the referendum, economic policy consequences and potential exit scenarios are analyzed in the context of the German-British economy and the case study of the German automotive sector. The referendum of 23 June 2016 marked the beginning of an organic crisis in the European Union, as the desire for disintegra-tion became apparent for the first time through a legitimate exit process. In this mas-ter thesis, the Brexit course is examined in the field of tension between the British-German economic constellation and the automotive sector as an example. Taking the automotive example, it becomes clear what negative consequences a potential “hard Brexit” would have for the industry. “Hard Brexit”, in turn, would be the most attractive option for the Brexit electorate, as the demands for an independent migra-tion policy would be taken into consideration. The referendum thus poses various political and economic challenges. The United Kingdom must agree on an exit option or conclude agreements in the transitional phase. Without an agreement, the WTO guidelines would apply and there would be a “Hard Brexit”. The UK also faces the challenge of tackling the social divide within British society. The European Union, in turn, is losing its second largest economy. German car manufacturers are hoping for a trade agreement based on the European internal market in order to avoid potential sales risks.Masterarbeit Wien, Fachhochschule des BFI Wien 202

    Die Bedeutung von Nachhaltigkeit im Rahmen des Employer Brandings

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    Nachhaltiges Verhalten, Umweltbewusstsein sowie Klima- und Umweltschutz gewin-nen in unserer Gesellschaft und in Unternehmen an Bedeutung. Damit verbunden sind auch veränderte Wertehaltungen von Bewerber:innen und Rahmenbedingungen am Ar-beitsmarkt. Nachhaltigkeit kann somit auch als Attraktivitätsfaktor für die Arbeitgeber-marke von Unternehmen verstanden werden und findet sich im HR Management wie-der. Der Schwerpunkt dieser Arbeit befasst sich mit einer empirischen Untersuchung zu Nachhaltigkeit im Employer Branding von nachhaltigen österreichischen Unterneh-men. Zentral sind die Umsetzung und Kommunikation von Themen ökologische Nach-haltigkeit auf der externen Ebene des Employer Branding und welche Bedeutung öko-logische Nachhaltigkeit im Rahmen von Green HRM im Employer Branding der unter-suchten Unternehmen einnimmt. Für die Untersuchung wurden Interviews durchge-führt und die Karriereseiten und Stellanzeigen der Unternehmen herangezogen. Die zentrale Untersuchungsperspektive ist jene der ökologischen Nachhaltigkeitsdimen-sion. Es konnte festgestellt werden, dass ökologische Nachhaltigkeit bzw. Themen eine wichtige Rolle im Employer Branding einnehmen und, wie ökologische Themen und Maßnahmen auf der externen Ebene umgesetzt werden.Masterarbeit Wien, Fachhochschule des BFI Wien 202

    Einsatzmöglichkeiten Künstlicher Intelligenz (KI) im Projektmanagement : Fluch oder Segen?

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    When it comes to digitization, new technologies and especially artificial intelligence (AI) plays a decisive role. Therefore, the topic of artificial intelligence has been widely discussed for many years and still is. Since artificial intelligence is not yet very widespread in project management, there is great potential in its implementation. Therefore, this master thesis gives an answer to the question, “Possible applications of artificial intelligence (AI) in project management - curse or blessing?”. This master thesis presents the findings of expert interviews, taking into account the current literature, on the subject of possible uses of artificial intelligence (AI) in project management. This work primarily takes a look at the barriers, risks and opportunities of artificial intelligence in the field of project management. As part of this master thesis, the different approaches of artificial intelligence are presented and it is shown in which project management phases and areas they can be easily implemented and how the method of project management could be expanded by artificial intelligence.Masterarbeit Wien, Fachhochschule des BFI Wien 202

    Integrating external ESG ratings into the product landscape and risk management of Austrian commercial banks

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    External ESG ratings enable banks and investors to measure a company's resilience to material environmental, social and governance (ESG) risks. While the concept of measuring sustainability risks is promising, the different methodologies and how these ratings are used is unclear. Therefore, the methodologies of the three ESG rating providers Sustainalytics, S&P, and MSCI were analyzed. Subsequently, the use and selection of external ESG ratings in the product landscape by means of sustainability linked loans, promissory note loans and corporate bonds was evaluated. Finally, ESG considerations in risk management with a focus on credit risk evaluation were analyzed. To answer the research questions, an in-depth literature review combined with quantitative as well as qualitative research has been conducted. In addition, structured interviews were conducted with 5 participants. Above all, the analysis showed significant differences in the methodologies, rating results, data considered as well as the coverage of the various external ESG rating providers. In the product landscape of (Austrian) banks, external ESG ratings are particularly used by means of sustainability linked (promissory note) loans. The selection of external ESG rating providers is generally made by the client together with the respective bank. What is essential for the selection, is not a specific external ESG rating provider, but the reputation and credibility of the rating. In general, the ESG ratings of large and well-known providers well such as Sustainalytics, MSCI, or ISS ESG are the most popular and considered to be most credible by Austrian banks. In terms of sustainability linked corporate bonds, the use of external ESG ratings is not prevalent, as the European Central Bank (ECB) neither accepts these bonds as collateral, nor invests in them. With a view to the current regulatory requirements, banks must address ESG risks holistically. This includes the adaptation of business and risk strategy, including the associated risk appetite specification and transparent assignment of roles and responsibilities. Moreover, regulators expect banks to incorporate ESG risks into their ICAAP and ILAAP frameworks. It must be noted that ESG risk quantification efforts are currently focused on credit risk. In this respect, the research findings indicate that the use of external ESG ratings in credit risk management is still limited. None of the surveyed banks rely on external ESG ratings for credit risk analysis. To make the use of external ESG ratings in risk management feasible, on the one hand the coverage must be much greater, and on the other hand the rating results must be validated accordingly.Masterarbeit Wien, Fachhochschule des BFI Wien 202

    Einführung der SDGs im TÜV AUSTRIA

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    Masterarbeit Wien, Fachhochschule des BFI Wien 202

    COVID-19 and the pharmaceutical industry

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    Due to the increasing interconnectedness of the global financial markets, dependencies have also become stronger. On the one hand, this brings many advantages, but on the other hand, also disadvantages. Over the course of time, the financial markets have frequently been hit by crises. The analysis of earlier research shows that the effects of these crises were enormous and are still felt years later. Current developments further show that the latest crisis, namely the COVID-19 crisis, is also leaving its mark on the international capital and financial markets. While the current crisis is not yet over, initial analyses show the impact of the spread of COVID-19. Stock indices as well as various industries reacted differently to this event. The following study aims to answer the question to what extent the COVID-19 crisis has influenced stock market activity globally.Masterarbeit Wien, Fachhochschule des BFI Wien 202

    Is the S&P 500 prediction power for US presidential elections myth or reality? : an empirical evidence of the Presidential Election Cycle

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    Several news channels report that the S&P 500 can predict the outcome of the US Presidential Election three months before. With an accuracy of 82% and 88% from 1948 until 2020, the S&P 500 seems to be a good prognosticator for the electoral outcome, while poll numbers are only accurate by 60%. Therefore, in this master thesis there will be reasons elaborated why the S&P 500 has such an accurate predicting ability. Because financial returns are stationary and their error term is not constant, meaning that there is heteroskedasticity in the residuals, a GARCH model will be used to explain the volatility and autoregressive return pattern of the S&P 500, ranging from 1948 to 2020. After that, the remaining error terms of the GARCH model are used to estimate by an OLS the Presidential Election Cycle. After finding an empirical proof, showing the existence of the Presidential Election Cycle, several economic theories are used for answering the question why the S&P 500 has the capability to forecast the outcome of the US Presidential Election. With the usage of the Presidential Election Cycle, voting theory and the Efficient Market Hypothesis, this master thesis gives an answer to how it is possible for an index to forecast the outcome of an election.Masterarbeit Wien, Fachhochschule des BFI Wien 202

    Künstliche Intelligenz im klinischen Spannungsfeld zwischen ÄrztInnen und PatientInnen : eine klinisch-ethische Perspektive

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    No other technology like AI seems to offer as many potentials and advantages in healthcare as risks. In conflict situations, ethical principles can offer physicians an important orientation. AI should always follow a human-centric approach and aim to enrich human life. Therefore, it is the task of the AI to support the patients in their autonomy and not to undermine the autonomy of the doctors. As the life of the patients is largely in the hands of the doctors, they need to be the responsible person. This is the best way to ensure that patients are not harmed. Although AI systems can make more precise predictions and thus improve the quality of patient treatment, human doctors are still need to check and communicate these results to patients. A collective medical intelligence, which consists of doctors and AI systems, seems to be the most meaningful and desirable for both doctors and patients.Masterarbeit Wien, Fachhochschule des BFI Wien 202

    Politische Bildung und Kompetenzerwerb an österreichischen Gymnasien : Chance für Umwelt, Gesellschaft und Frieden

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    The climate crisis is one of the most serious problems humanity is facing today – probably the most serious one. Admittedly, the climate crisis is a paradoxical subject: On the one hand, there is scientific information regarding the coming danger. On the other hand, politicians and the public have different views on this matter. According to climate researchers, carbon dioxide, methane and other gases contribute to a warming of the earth’s atmosphere. The changes in temperature have a measurable negative effect on the planet. These are the most common consequences of climate change: extreme weather events, ice melt, rise of sea level and ocean acidification as well as and negative effects on plants and animals. As effects of climate change are observable and verifiable, scientists predict that the climate crisis will create unfavourable living conditions in the future. Future effects will increase current effects in terms of frequency and velocity, there will also be an increase of health issues and costs. For instance various diseases will boost, agriculture and food supply will also be affected and refugee movements across the world and climate conflicts are likely to increase. Climate change is without doubts a real event and it is happening now. There is no time to question it. The phenomenon climate change is predictable and measurable – blowing the amount X of CO2 into the atmosphere, the temperature rises by Y degrees Celsius. At this point humans are able to mitigate the effects for future generations by doing two duties, which are highlighted in this paper building upon the findings regarding the climate crisis: The first one is to avoid uncooperative behaviour and implement cooperative actions (as the UN and their common SDGs – Sustainable Development Goals, a global sustainable development or implementing the climate objectives) instead. This obligation should be regulated and accepted among all countries or the majority of countries in the world. Secondly, political education is a tool to train pupils into well-informed, politically mature, self-critical and reflected citizens. In this context political education can be used as a school subject to introduce themes such as environmental protection or political actions for standing up for more climate justice. The process of acquiring key competences in school can enable a huge enhancement in regards of climate actions and new, essential perspectives.Masterarbeit Wien, Fachhochschule des BFI Wien 202

    Arbeitswelt der Zukunft : Generationen-Mix am IT-Arbeitsmarkt in Österreich

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    Nachdem sich die Digitalisierung im privaten Alltag längst durchgesetzt hat, greift sie nun Schritt für Schritt auch in den beruflichen Bereich ein. New Work, Agile, Bring Your Own Device (BYOD) aber auch KI sind nur einige wenige sogenannte Buzzwords, die im Zuge der Digitalisierung und Technologisierung aufgetreten sind. Vor allem große IT-Unternehmen aber auch wir Menschen selbst, werden mit Zunahme der Globalisierung und der Schnelllebigkeit der Gegenwart, vor immer größere soziale und technische Herausforderungen gestellt. In Zukunft wird sich die Art zu arbeiten entscheidend verändern hinsichtlich Technologie, Struktur und Arbeitseinstellung. Obwohl Generationenforschung bereits seit dem 16. Jahrhundert betrieben wird , wurde erst nach Ende des zweiten Weltkrieges für den deutschsprachigen Raum der amerikanische Kontext der Generationenforschung, mit zeitlicher Verzögerung aufgrund unterschiedlicher Voraussetzungen sowie Auswirkungen des beendeten Krieges, übernommen. Anhand der gemeinsamen politischen Ausrichtung der Länder Österreich und Deutschland nach Ende des zweiten Weltkrieges, sowie aufgrund der gleichen Sprache, kann von Gemeinsamkeiten der einzelnen Alterskohorten ausgegangen werden. Auch nahm die Digitalisierung in beiden Ländern in etwa im selben Zeitraum sowie in derselben Dimension zu und veränderte die Arbeitswelt nachhaltig. Aufgrund eines noch nie dagewesenen Ausmaßes an Globalisierung, Technologisierung, Flexibilisierung sowie Digitalisierung in Europa und darüber hinaus, überholt sich die vorhandene Literatur zum Thema Arbeitswelt der Zukunft permanent. Gut zu erkennen ist das auch am demografischen Wandel, der neben Veränderungen der Altersstruktur auch zu neuen Arbeitseinstellungen und -werten sowie veränderten Verhaltensweisen der Beschäftigten am Arbeitsplatz führt. Angesichts verkürzter Ausbildungszeiten und gleichzeitiger Erhöhung des Pensionsantrittsalters, wird sich die Dauer der Zusammenarbeit unterschiedlicher Altersgruppen um mindestens zehn Jahre verlängern, wodurch sich in Organisationen Mehr-Generationen-Belegschaften bilden. Dies bringt eine längere Parallelität von unterschiedlichen Ansichten, Werten und Vorstellungen der Mitarbeiterinnen und Mitarbeiter mit sich. Die folgende Arbeit soll Aufschluss darüber liefern, welche Alterskohorten aktuell am IT-Arbeitsmarkt in Österreich beschäftigt sind und woher Gemeinsamkeiten und Unterschiede der einzelnen Generationen stammen, sowie ob diese im beruflichen Alltag Relevanz besitzen. Mit Zunahme der Globalisierung und Digitalisierung in der IT-Branche und darüber hinaus, soll überdies auch auf mögliche generationale Veränderungen der vier Generationen im Arbeitskontext eingegangen werden. Aufgrund von diversen Unterschieden vielfältiger Herkunft der Generationen zueinander, kommt es unteranderem auch zu Spannungen und Reibungsflächen im betrieblichen Alltag. Mit dieser Abfassung soll das Bewusstsein der Managementebene von Unternehmen mit starren und autoritären Strukturen sowie Prozessen auf diese neuartigen Situationen gelenkt werden.While the digitalization has taken over in our private lives, it is gradually making its way into the business sector step by step. New Work, Agile, Bring Your Own Device (BYOD) and AI are just a few of the buzzwords that have emerged in the course of digitalization as well as technologization. Large IT companies in particular, but also, we human beings, are facing even greater social and technical challenges with the increase in globalization as well as the fast pace of the present. The world has become VUCA over the years - volatile, uncertain, complex, ambivalent. In future, the way we work will change both rapidly and decisively in terms of technology, structure and attitudes to work. This can be seen clearly in the demographic change, which will extend the duration of cooperation between different aged groups by at least ten years. The following thesis is intended to provide information on which age cohorts are currently employed in the IT labor market in Austria and where the commonalities and differences between the individual generations come from, as well as whether these are relevant in everyday working life. With the increase in globalization and digitization in the IT sector and beyond, the paper will also look at possible generational changes of the four generations in the work context. Finally, the findings will be verified with the help of a quantitative online survey in the IT sector.Masterarbeit Wien, Fachhochschule des BFI Wien 202

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