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    Duftmarketing : Einsatz olfaktorischer Reize am Point of Sale

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    Wien, Fachhochschule des BFI Wien, Masterarb., 201

    Frauen im Terrorismus : Sozialrevolutionäre- und religiös motivierte Organisationen im Vergleich

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    Wien, Fachhochschule des BFI Wien, Masterarb., 201

    Survivorship bias : an empirical analysis of the ATX

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    The aim of the thesis is to find out how much the performance of published index values deviates from the performance of buy-and-hold portfolios with different constituents. This includes the examination whether survivorship bias due to changing constituents (overestimation of return as a result of only including companies with the highest market capitalization and excluding companies with a low/decreasing market capitalization) is present within an index or not. The focus of research within this thesis will be the Austrian stock market with the Austrian Traded Index (ATX) as the reference index. Different risk and return measures of the ATX were compared to the same measures of buy-and-hold portfolios according to changes in constituents of the ATX in the past. The analysis was performed on data for five years from 02 January 2013 to 29 December 2017, where 12 different portfolios were constructed and compared to the ATX. The hypothesis is that the index (changing constituents) will have experienced a higher return than the buy-and-hold portfolios (fixed constituents) in the past. The results of the analysis were not able to support this hypothesis, because the ATX had a lower return in 9 out of 12 cases, even though in 3 cases the ATX had a higher return than the respective buy-and-hold portfolios.Masterarbeit Wien, Fachhochschule des BFI Wien 201

    Einfluss mobiler Ticketing- und Informationssysteme auf die Dienstleistungsqualität und Kundenzufriedenheit im öffentlichen Personennahverkehr in Österreich

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    This master thesis analyses and discusses the significance of mobile passenger information and mobile ticket applications and their possible impact on service quality and customer satisfaction within the public transport sector. At first this thesis will provide a shirt overview on basic parameters of the public transport and will define the critical terms of service quality and customer satisfaction. A distinction between those two and their connection to information and ticket services will be discussed. Important quality and service criteria are assembled for the use within the final questionnaire. The second part will illuminate the current setup and situation of mobile passenger information and mobile ticketing systems within Austria. One application will be examined in further detail. Additionally a review of respective literature will be given as foundation and comparison for the following empirical part. The third and main part of this thesis will concentrate on the setup, construction and relevance of the empirical questionnaire. The results of the survey will be analyzed, described and compared to the findings from the literature review. Within the final chapter, the results of the empirical research will be illustrated and summarized in order to answer the research question. Possible recommendations for next steps will be derived. To answer the research question a quantitative research method and approach was used. Next to literature and secondary data review and evaluation, it is based on a customer questionnaire that was conducted and evaluated statistically. A result of the thesis is that mobile information systems do have a high significance for passengers and a positive correlation to customer satisfaction. On the contrary mobile Ticketing is only used sparely and has low impact on service quality. The main reason for this is that customers still prefer printed tickets.Wien, Fachhochschule des BFI Wien, Diplomarb., 201

    Der Einfluss der sich ändernden Arbeitswelt auf die Organisationsstrukturen projektorientierter Unternehmen

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    The world of work is a subject to constant change. It is primarily driven by factors such as technological progress or globalization. Looking back at the working world over the past 20 years, it becomes clear what an enormous influence computer and internet technology alone have had on business practices. The numerous new possibilities of the changing world of work also lead to new challenges. In order to be able to withstand this, it is important for companies to adapt themselves to new situations. The present study examines in detail the ef-fects of the change in the working world on organizational structures. The focus is on project-oriented companies. Therefore, this thesis addresses the question how, “How does the changing world of work affect the organizational structures of project-oriented companies?” In order to answer the research question a literature review was carried out. Its goal was to find out what the driving factors of the changing world of work are and furthermore what trends are likely to take place in the future. It was also investi-gated which organizational structures are found in project-oriented companies and how they are influenced by the changing world of work. Furthermore, qualitative interviews were conducted in form of expert interviews. Management executives in project-oriented companies were questioned as well as business consultants, who primarily cooperate with project-oriented companies. The results indicate that the changing working environment has a considerable influence on the organizational structures in project-oriented companies. This ap-plies to both structure and process organization. It has become clear that techno-logical progress and internationalization will continue to play a key role in the fu-ture. The recommendations for action at the end of the thesis are primarily consid-ered as guidance for executives in project-oriented companies. They are intended to show how the working world could develop in the future and what measures can be taken to take advantage of emerging opportunities and counteract possible risks.Wien, Fachhochschule des BFI Wien, Diplomarb., 201

    Workplace Conflict Resolution : the Role of Leaders in Solving Workplace Conflicts

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    Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit war es, die Auswirkungen von eingesetzten Füh-rungsstilen und Methoden des Konfliktmanagements auf die MitarbeiterInnen zu erforschen. Hierfür wurde im Rahmen der empirischen Untersuchungen ein quali-tativer als auch quantitativer Forschungsansatz angewandt. Die qualitative Vor-gangsweise wurde vorrangig verwendet um einen detaillierten Einblick in die Aus-wirkungen auf die MitarbeiterInnen zu gewinnen. Hierfür wurden Interviews mit ExpertInnen aus zehn Unternehmen unterschiedlicher Branchen und Größen durchgeführt. Die quantitative Vorgehensweise wurde verwendet um einerseits die Daten der qualitativen Forschung mit Kennzahlen zu unterstützen als auch um einen größeren Überblick in dieses Forschungsgebiet zu erhalten. Die Arbeit zeigt, dass über 70% der befragten Mitarbeiterinnen einen Konflikt am Arbeitsplatz erlebt haben. Konflikte führen zu erhöhtem Stresslevels, welche Krankenstände oder sogar Kündigungen zur Folgen haben. Eine wichtige Erkenntnis ist, dass der Füh-rungsstil eine entscheidende Auswirkung auf den subjektiv empfundenen Stress-level der MitarbeiterInnen hat und die Erfolgswahrscheinlichkeit für die Konfliktbe-wältigung. Demokratischer Führungsstil hat die besten Erfolgschancen und führt zu niedrigeren Stresslevels der MitarbeiterInnen. Diese Arbeit zeigt jedoch, dass Führungskräfte in Konfliktsituationen eher dazu neigen einen autoritären Füh-rungsstil anzuwenden (50%). Weitere Faktoren, die den empfundenen Stresslevel beeinflussen und damit Wahrscheinlichkeit für Krankenstand und Kündigungen, sind das Alter und das Geschlecht der MitarbeiterInnen. Die Erkenntnisse dieser Studie sind sowohl für Führungskräfte aller Unternehmensgrößen sowie deren MitarbeiterInnen relevant als auch für Human Resources Abteilungen und Einrich-tungen, die Trainings im Bereich „Führung“ anbieten.Wien, Fachhochschule des BFI Wien, Masterarb., 201

    The importance of branch banking in the era of digital technology : the increasing role of online and mobile banking and their influence on branch banking

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    Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es zu untersuchen, ob digitale Technologien wie Online- und Mobile Banking auf der einen, und traditionelle Bankfilialen auf der anderen Seite nebeneinander existieren und kooperieren können, da die Ära der digitalen Technologie es den Kunden ermöglicht, ihre Bankgeschäfte von zuhause aus zu erledigen, was bisher ohne persönlichen Bankbesuch unmöglich war. Durch diese Umstände ergibt sich eine völlig neue Vision, wie eine Bankfiliale aussehen soll und wie man Kundenbedürfnisse am effizientesten erfüllen kann. Der Einsatz von Online- und Mobilen Bankdienstleistungen hat vor allem in diesem Jahrhundert rasant zugenommen. Durch die verbesserten Anwen-dungsmöglichkeiten dieser digitalen Kanäle ist es für die Kunden nicht mehr not-wendig, die Bankfilialen so häufig wie früher aufzusuchen. Diese digitalen Kanäle haben verschiedenste Vorteile, zum Beispiel sind die Kosten einer Filial-Transaktion 30-mal höher als die einer mobilen oder Online-Transaktion. Auch der Personal-stand der Bankfilialen konnte reduziert werden. Trotzdem neigen die Kunden dazu, sich bei etwas komplexen Transaktionen persönlich beraten zu lassen. Auch über komplexe Themen oder Transaktionen diskutieren sie und informieren sie sich lieber persönlich, direkt in der Bankfiliale. Zukünftige Investitionen in die Weiterentwicklung von Online- und Mobilen Bankdienstleistungen seitens der Banken werden nur die Tatsache bestätigen, dass Bankfilialen im Zeitalter der Digitalisierung als wesentlich weniger wichtig angesehen werden. Und das obwohl die Banken diesbezüglich im Vergleich zu an-deren Unternehmen langsamer agieren. Allerdings gibt es auch Projekte, die die Theorie, dass Bankfilialen ihre Bedeutung völlig verlieren werden, widerlegen. Eines dieser Projekte ist die „Erste Filiale der Zukunft“ der UniCredit Bulbank. Diese Zweigstellen werden in bequemere, moderne, digital ausgestattete Filialen umgewandelt und an den neuen Arten der Kundenbedürfnisse angepasst. Ein weiteres, noch fortschrittlicheres Projekt in Sachen Technologie ist eine futuristische Bankfiliale, welche von der Emirates NBD Bank in Dubai eröffnet wurde. Es werden in gleichem Maße neue innovative IT-Services angeboten, was ein Beweis dafür ist, dass diese Filiale ein Beweis für die Notwendigkeit von Privatkundengeschäften ist.The aim of this paper is to analyse whether digital technologies such as online and mobile banking on one side and traditional ones such as bank branches on the other can co-exist and co-operate. The era of digital technology has enabled the customers to conduct their transactions from home which was not possible before without visiting a branch. All this gives an entirely new vision of how a bank branch should look and how to fulfil customer needs in the most efficient way. Customers use of online and mobile banking services has grown rapidly, es-pecially in this century. With the improved convenience of these channels, custom-ers do not need to visit branches as often as before. These channels have various advantages. For instance, the cost of a branch transaction is 30 times higher than that of a mobile or online transaction. Also, branch staffing levels have been reduced. However, when the customers are conducting some complex transactions or need to discuss complex issues or transactions for which they need a more de-tailed explanation, they tend to prefer to do it in person – directly in the bank branch. Further investments in innovations in banking (although banks have inno-vated at a slower pace compared to other businesses) will simply confirm the fact that the branches are seen as much less important in the era of digital technology. However, one of the projects which reject the theory that branches will completely lose their significance is UniCredit Bulbank’s “First branch of the future”. Not only will they be transformed into a more convenient, modern, digitally equipped branch but will also be adapted to new types of customer needs. Another even more ad-vanced project regarding technology is a futuristic branch in Dubai opened by Emir-ates NBD bank. Some new innovative IT services were presented, and this branch is the proof of the direction in which retail banking is going?Masterarbeit Wien, Fachhochschule des BFI Wien 201

    Recruiting Goes Mobile : Challenges Of Attracting Generation Y in Austria

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    Im Laufe der Zeit hat sich die Art der Rekrutierung geändert. Neben technologischen Fortschritten gibt es auch anspruchsvolle Anforderungen diverser Generationen. Generation Y wuchs mit moderner Technik auf und nutzt diese täglich. Ziel dieser Forschung ist es, die aktuellen Herausforderungen für die Erreichung und Gewinnung von Berufseinsteigern der Generation Y beim Einsatz von mobile recruiting in Österreich zu analysieren. Insbesondere wurden die Verwendung von mobile recruiting, seine Auswirkungen und die Herausforderungen, erforscht. Um dies zu analysieren, wurden persönliche Interviews mit Unternehmen und Berufseinsteiger die bereits Erfahrung mit mobile recruiting haben, durchgeführt. Die Ergebnisse geben einen allgemeinen Überblick aus der Sicht von Unternehmen und Berufseinsteiger, die bereits Erfahrung mit dieser Methode haben. Die Studie zeigt, warum sich Unternehmen für mobile recruiting entschieden haben, welchen Stellenwert es im Unternehmen hat und welche Taktiken sie verwenden. Zudem gibt diese Forschung einen Einblick darüber, wie Unternehmen versuchen Generation Y zu erreichen und zu gewinnen. Berufseinsteiger wurden ebenfalls dazu befragt warum sie mobile recruiting benutzen und welche Geräte sie bei der Jobsuche verwenden. Darüber hinaus wurden ihre bisherigen Erfahrungen und Erwartungen an mobile recruiting untersucht. Die Vor- und Nachteile von mobile recruiting von beiden Seiten wurden ebenfalls analysiert. Abschließend kann bestätigt werden, dass es einige Herausforderungen gibt, um die Generation Y bei der Verwendung von mobile recruiting in Österreich erreichen und gewinnen zu können. Mobile recruiting ist definitiv ein notwendiges Rekrutierungsinstrument jedoch bedarf es noch an weiterer Etablierung und Entwicklung.Wien, Fachhochschule des BFI Wien, Masterarb., 201

    Einführung von Prozessmanagement in KMU : eine Fallstudie bei dem Unternehmen LASACO GmbH

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    In times of increasing globalization and international interdependence, companies are being more and more challenged by competition. Well-matured and optimized business processes are necessary for companies to ensure long-term success in the market. This thesis deals with the question of whether business process management should be implemented in a SME in the service industry. In order to answer this question, this thesis describes the well-known and accepted business process management theories and the most common business process improve-ment concepts. Information collected in the context of a process management project at LASACO GmbH, an Austrian SME, is used as a case study for this thesis. In addition, an expert was also interviewed for the purposes of this thesis. This thesis concludes that overall standardization of business processes is not advisable. The analysis of the collected data reveals that in the service industry, where customer needs have to be met, flexibility in the processes is necessary. These findings can be useful to Austrian SMEs in the service industry seeking to implement and improve their business process management practices.Wien, Fachhochschule des BFI Wien, Masterarb., 201

    An actuarial mathematics approach to option pricing

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    Put and Call options are financial products used to adjust the portfolio position. They can be used or combined for speculative and hedging purposes, and they exist in several styles, such as European, American, or Asian styles. The market for such a products has grown exponentially in the last decades, and has therefore attracted the interests of both speculators and regulators. Options may be priced with several methods, such as analytical methods, numerical solutions to complicated models, binomial trees, or also Monte Carlo simulations. Analytical methods are elegant and fast to compute. They are also very much used, even in financial institutions, and may be considered to represent the back-bone of option pricing since they allow for useful insights. The most popular analytical option pricing model is the Black and Scholes (B&S) model. The B&S reasoning is based upon a replicating portfolio, no-arbitrage requirement, framed in a multidimensional stochastic partial differential equation, which is a typical financial mathematics framework. Several extensions have been made to the original model, however preserving the basic assumptions. There are several drawbacks of financial mathematics option pricing methods (FOPMs), among which we may mention the liquidity and market completeness assumptions. Moreover, FOPMs do not usually allow for risk control, nor do they allow for risk steering when calculating the option price. Finally, they do not usually explicitly take into account the non-normality features of the underlying’s stochastic distribution. In this thesis we show that an option pricing method based on actuarial mathematics can be built. We show that such a model allows to release the assumptions of liquidity and market completeness. Furthermore, we show that actuarial option pricing methods (AOPMs) allow to price options with risk measures, such as Value at Risk (VaR) or Expected ShortFall (ESF). Within AOPMs, we show how to price options whose underlying is non-normally distributed. In fact, beside normally distributed assets, we explicitly show how to price options for Auto Regressive (AR) and Auto Regressive Conditional Heteroskedastic (ARCH) distributed assets. Throughout the thesis, we take the B&S model as benchmark to compare. The performances of AOPMs and B&S are both tested and compared on simulated and real data. It is found that the Expected Value approach, which denotes one approach of the on AOPMs, outperforms B&S both in simulated and real data. On the other hand, we show also that other AOPMs, such as Value at Risk and Expected ShortFall approaches, allow for risk control, so that the bank can steer the option price based on its risk appetite. The thesis concludes with possible extensions, viz. an invitation to include dependencies among assets, and to include any model for return distribution, as well as an invitation to other interesting studies, within the presented formalism. Finally, we could not find in the literature an option pricing method somewhat similar to any of the AOPMs we are going to describe.Wien, Fachhochschule des BFI Wien, Masterarb., 201

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