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Synthesis and Characterization of New Triazols Derivatives as C-Steel Reducing of Corrosion in Acidic Medium
Get PDFSix derivatives of novel triazoles were produced from some substituted benzoic acid with thiocarbazide via method of grinding. The produced Chemicals were described via 1HNMR, IR, and 13CNMR spectra examinations. Produced derivatives of C2H3N3 were examined and assessed as reducing of corrosion in 0.5 M HCl for low-C steel utilizing procedure of losing weight. It was noticed that such chemicals had an encouraging act as reducer counter to mild steel corrosion of in solution being acidic. Reducing of maximum action was assessed at various concentrations and temperature of effector. Competence of corrosion reducer surpassed 96%. The exceptional action was due to inhibitor films adsorption development on surfacing steel. Reducing adsorption on surface of steel tracked Langmuir adsorption isotherm (LAI). The results were long-established BY theoretical calculations of quantum chemistry
Synthesis, Reaction and Biological Importance of Isatin Derivatives
Get PDFIsatin is a heterocyclic nitrogen compound that has attracted much interest in recent years due to its diverse biological and pharmacological activities. It can be used in many medical and biological applications, such as antidiabetic, antibiotic, and anticancer agents. The isatin molecule can also be prepared from different substrates by various methods, such as the methods of Sandmeyer, Stolle, Gassman, Meanwell and Hewawasam and others. On the other hand, the isatin molecule can undergo various chemical reactions, such as oxidation, Friedel-Crafts reaction, ring expansion, aldol condensation, and alkylation reactions. As a result of these reactions, several biologically useful biomolecules are formed, including 2-oxindoles, tryptanthrin, indirubins and others. Therefore, the aim of this review was to provide an overview of the synthetic methods of the isatin molecule and its derivatives and to examine the various chemical reactions it undergoes. In addition, a list of some of the recently documented biological activities of isatin derivatives was compiled, such as antidiabetic, antibacterial, anticancer, and other properties
Boron Concentration in Groundwater from Southern Basrah Governorate - Iraq
Get PDFIn southern Basrah in Iraq, this research is aimed at measuring the concentrations of Boron 10B5. Measuring the water wells and water samples collected at 43 different locations were carried out using the Inductively coupled plasma/Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES) method. The concentration ranged from 0.2 mg/L (Al Marbad District) to 9.3 mg/L (Al Shuaiba farm 2). The study\u27s findings are given and compared to those of other studies. These observations could be used to make an additionally unique contribution to the preservation and application of water quality standards to related organizations of radioactive contaminant-free samples required for humans if an incident of contamination occurs. Furthermore, 43 surface water samples were found to be more boron-like than detected levels. The increase in water flow outside the root level by the monsoon rain is responsible. This is due to acute boron contamination will therefore soon occur
Assessing the Quality of Post-COVID Online Teaching for Higher Education Students in Pakistan
Get PDFFrom the global scholastic perspective, the most formidable challenge of Coronavirus (COVID-19) has been the closure of educational institutions and the shift to online learning platforms. Even in developing countries like Pakistan, where face-to-face teaching was generally the norm, an emergency move had to be made to online teaching in mid-March 2020. Considering that students are the most relevant stakeholders in this regard, the current study’s researchers employed a quantitative strategy to gauge the standpoints of Pakistani higher education students regarding the quality of online teaching. For the analysis, the Wilcoxon W test is used as a non-parametric statistical technique on a sample of 167 higher education students obtained through Non-Probability Purposive and Convenience Sampling. The instrument used for gathering the data was a “ServQual” instrument for measuring the service quality of online teaching. Responsiveness and web content are significant for below expectations at a 5 per cent significance level
Boron Determination in Basrah Rivers Using Solid State Nuclear Track Detector
Get PDFConsumers who ingest boron-contaminated food and water face a variety of health concerns. As a result, the food boron content must be determined. For this research, drinking water samples were collected from different areas in southern Basrah, Iraq. The collected water samples were examined using the SSNTDs method to determine boron levels. Boron values in the Al Khatwa district ranged from 0.21 ppm to 9.8 ppm in Al Shuaiba farm2. The results of this investigation were compared to worldwide standards and prior studies. The Iraqi government may use these data to establish guidelines for reducing radioactive pollution of Basrah\u27s drinking water. The boron levels in the 43 surface water samples evaluated in this study were lower than the international standard limits. However, there are some regions where the rates are quite high. As a result, in most areas, the boron level in Basrah\u27s drinking water is normal. However, there is a possibility that boron pollution will become a major issue soon. As a result, further research will be needed in the future
Evaluating the Inhibitory Effect of Streptomyces Bacteria against Pathogenic Bacteria and Study its Compatibility with Some Antibiotic Types
Get PDFAll Streptomyces sp isolates were screened for their antibacterial activity on Yeast extract-malt extract agar medium (ISP2) using scross-streak technique against two pathogenic bacteria include Gram-negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus. Among three Streptomyces sp isolates that obtained from Baghdad city (Al-Jadriya), one isolates (B2) didn’t show any antibacterial activity against any type of pathogenic bacteria (Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria), while two Streptomyces sp isolates (B1 and B3) showed antibacterial activity against Gram Two-negative (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus). Screening was performed by Agar-Well Diffusion method and growth inhibition zones were measured in millimeters for each of the Streptomyces isolates (B1 and B3). Tested isolates have shown potent in vitro antibacterial activities against all tested pathogens. The highest activities were shown by isolate B1 against S. aureus 19.5 mm, Pseudomonas aeruginosa 14 mm. It is also evident that B3 isolate has shown activities against all pathogenic bacteria with inhibition zone diameters ranging between 17 and 13 mm against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa respectively. The effects of Levofloxacin, Sulfamethoxazole, Ciprofloxacin, Ceftriaxone, Aztreonam, Amikacin and Gentamicin on growth of Streptomyces sp were evaluated over a 48 h period. Morphology and growth of Streptomyces sp. were not affected by all antibiotics, all Streptomyces isolates (B1, B2) were screened for resistance against seven antibiotics, all Streptomyces isolates were resistance against all antibiotics
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Obesity in Children: Attending Al-Kindy Obesity Unit in Baghdad
Get PDFChildhood obesity is increasing in frequency worldwide with including developing countries, while it was considered previously as the disease of the first world or rich people. The aim is to assess the prevalence of overweight and obesity with associated risk factors in obese children visiting Al-Kindy Obesity Unit. Throughout a period started in December 1, 2019 to February 29, 2020 in Baghdad, 109 children were randomly involved, 69 (63.3%) girls and 40 (36.7%) boys. Body mass index was evaluated in front of standard tables. A questionnaire was built to gather suspected risk factors. Eight (7.3%) of our sample were overweight [1 (2.5%) boy and 7 (10.1%) girls] and 101 (92.7 %) of our sample were obese [39 (97.5%) boys and 62 (89.9%) girls]. Significant associations were found between overweight and health education, sleep, physical activity, snacks and TV watching. Obesity was more frequently encountered than overweight in children with (heavy weights) who seek help visiting obesity units. Unbalanced dietary habits, sedentary lifestyle and spending more hours on watching TV are important risk factors
Is Laps of Time Since Malaria Elimination a Factor in COVID-19 Mortality?
Get PDFMalaria can elicit a non-specific immune response against viral, bacterial and other malarial and non-malarial infections. Early in this pandemic suggestions were raised for possible role of cross immunity induced by malaria or other agents against SARS-CoV-2 severity. A possible role of heterogeneous immunity generated by previous malaria infection was suggested to explain part of diversity in COVID-19 mortality among various countries. This study was designed to examine this hypothesis by looking for possible statistical relation between malaria elimination date and COVID-19 mortality. Sixty -nine malaria-free countries with a total population of 1 million or more were enrolled in this study using robust statistical tests which include: Mann-Whitney Test, Kendall\u27s-τ coefficient test and receiver operation characteristic - (ROC) curve analyses. Results showed that there was a significant negative association among studied marker (COVID -19 deaths/million inhabitant , and date of elimination of malaria (using Kendall\u27s-τ Correlation Coefficient test). There was a significant positive association between COVID-19 mortality and duration of time since the time of malaria elimination. With a cutoff point of 15, countries that eliminate malaria during the last 15 years had reduced median COVID-19 mortality, while countries that eliminate malaria more than 15 years ago there is high COVID-19 median mortality p value <0.05) . Receiver operation characteristic - (ROC) curve, was used to support these findings ( P value <0.05). The author of this article suggests that a correlation exists between malaria elimination duration and mortality due to COVID-19
Association of ADIPOQ (rs 2241766) Gene Polymorphism with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients: A Case-Control Study
Get PDFThe adiponectin gene (ADIPOQ) is the main genetic determinant of plasma adiponectin amounts from (30 - 70%) of the inherited genetic components. Multiple nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs 2241766 for the ADIPOQ gene correlate with metabolic syndromes such as insulin resistance, abdominal obesity, impaired glucose tolerance, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, rapid glucose excess, and plasma adiponectin level. A polymorphism study was conducted based on PCR 2241766 in Al-Diwaniyah city in Iraq, and this study included (300) people aged (30-45) years who were distributed into two groups, the first group (G1) included (150) control, and the second group (G2) included (150) type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. The purpose of the current study was to reveal the ADIPOQ polymorphism and its role in the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The overall genotype of the ADIPOQ rs2241766 gene was significantly different between the type 2 diabetes mellitus patients (G2) and control (G1) for the genotype GG (χ2 = 13.45, p-value = 0.002), G allele (χ2 = 10.324, p-value = 0.001), and TG & TT compared to the GG genotype (χ2 = 13.266, p-value = 0.0001). In conclusion, the results of the genotype and allele distribution of ADIPOQ rs2241766 gene in type 2 diabetes patients group showed that there is an association between ADIPOQ rs2241766 gene and type 2 diabetes mellitus
Conventional PCR versus Culture Method to Detect Common Fungal Pathogens in Patients with Respiratory Diseases
Get PDFThe study aimed to assess the frequency of invasive fungal infection in patients with respiratory diseases by conventional and molecular methods. This study included 117 Broncho alveolar lavage (BAL) samples were collected from patients with respiratory disease (79 male and 38 female) with ages ranged between (20-80) years, who attended Medicine Baghdad Teaching hospital and AL-Emamain AL-Khadhymian Medical City, during the period from September 2019 to April 2020. The results in PCR versus culture methods in this study showed that out of 117 samples of fungal infections 30(25.6 %) were detected by culture method, while the 24(20.5%) samples were detected by PCR technique, the most commonly diagnosed pathogenic fungi is Candida spp. followed by Aspergillus spp. By considering the culture method as a gold standard against the PCR technique, the results show that the sensitivity and specificity of PCR were (86.6%) and (100%) respectively