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Changes in White Blood Cells, D-Dimer and Lactate Dehydrogenase Level in Covid-19 Patients: A Comparative Study
Get PDFCoronavirus is a new pandemic disease that began in Wuhan, China, and has since spread over the globe. The number of COVID-19 cases reported daily in Iraq has slowly increased. This study aims to investigate the effect of Covid-19 on the normal range of White Blood Cells (WBC), D-Dimer, and Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH). This study looked at 65 patients who had tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 using polymerase chain reaction analysis. Patients with mild symptoms and a normal CT scan for the chest were separated into three groups: those with mild symptoms and a normal CT scan for the chest, those with intermediate disease presenting with fever and cough, other respiratory symptoms, and those with severe disease. At the time of the study, all patients\u27 data were collected from Al-Diwaniyah Teaching hospital admission for parameters of White blood cell count, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels, and D-Dimer levels, from December 27, 2020, to April 1, 2021. The WBC count, D-Dimer, and LDH in the patients with COVID-19 were higher than that of the control group (8.15 X109/L versus 390 ng/ml and 593 U/L), respectively, and the difference was highly significant (p < 0.001). There was no significant difference in WBC count and LDH among patients according to the severity (p > 0.05). A larger leukocyte count, D-Dimer, and LDH increased the risk of death. These signs can reliably predict a patient\u27s prognosis while in the hospital. Our study\u27s best lab marker was LDH
Administrative Problems faced by Private School Teachers in Karachi
Get PDFTeaching is the most important and noble profession in the world. Teachers are very respectful in all manners. They are teaching because it was our prophet’s profession. All these slogans’ we teachers are listening in our practical life but on the other hand while we discuss about it in daily practice there is no implementation in Karachi. In Pakistan unfortunately mostly private schools are mistreating school teachers by humiliating and holding their rights and giving extra workload and also school administration do not support teachers which affect their overall teaching. This study is related to know the problems of private school teachers and how they are suffered due to administration. A descriptive quantitative approach is used in this research to gather data from the teachers and a questionnaire is prepared and given to the different private school teachers of Karachi. Two major findings emerged after the data results that effective and supported administration increases the teacher’s performance and also if they support their teachers, it also enhances the image and effectiveness of the administration
The COVID-19 Scenario in Higher Education in Pakistan: Effects and Policies
Get PDFThis paper has attempted to examine the impact of COVID-19 on higher education in Pakistan. The impact is viewed from the perspective of students, teachers, the institutions and their resources, and the education sector pertaining to higher education. Further to this, the actions taken in Pakistan for higher education during the pandemic have also been reviewed. The researcher used a method of qualitative inquiry to derive information pertinent to the research objectives. Participants included Vice Chancellors, faculty and students from public and private universities. The outcomes of the semi-structured interviews revealed the absence of planning on the part of the universities, the regulatory and control bodies relevant to higher education, deficient infrastructure resources, and the absence of a robust system of faculty training to teach online. The thrust of the paper lies on the policy recommendations and challenges during the pandemic, what the national action plan should include, and what should be the post pandemic strategies for Pakistan in the areas of teaching and learning, resource development, collaboration, and financial allocation. It remains to be seen how Pakistan’s higher education will emerge from the lessons learned from COVID-19
New Homo and Heterobinuclear Macrocyclic Complexes Bearing Isatine: Structural Characterization, Thermal Study and DFT Calculations
Get PDFA new metal-free macrocyclic Schiff base ligand bearing two metal cavities incorporated with two sets of N3O2 donor atoms derived from 2, 6-diaminopyridine and isatine was synthesized. The new ligand was used to prepare homo and hetero binuclear macrocyclic Schiff base complexes with Ni (II), Cu (II), ZrO (II) and Ba (II) metal ions. The ligand and metal complexes were characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), UV–vis, mass spectroscopy, elemental analysis (CHN), thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA), magnetic susceptibility, and molar conductivity measurements. The DFT calculations using the B3LYP functional method have been applied to obtain the geometry and electronic properties of the ligand and its metal complexes to support the experimental data. To describe the reactivity of the title molecules, the HOMO and LUMO levels and Mulliken atomic charges were determined
Correlation between Vitamin D3 Supplementation and Lipidemia in Women of Maysan Province, Iraq with Uncontrolled Type 2 Diabetes
Get PDFA total of 130 overweight Iraqi women with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes, the ages of the women ( 28 to 60) years, were divided into groups, group 5000 IU (65 women) as group A and control (65 women) as group B. were participants from The Specialized Center for Diabetes in Maysan Province and its related areas in the countryside and the city for this double-blind, randomized control trial (Maysan Province, Iraq). A placebo and 5000 IU of D3 daily were given to the participants for four months. Laboratory tests were conducted at baseline and four months to analyze serum levels. After four months of treatment, positive changes in total cholesterol, D3 levels, and LDL cholesterol. There was no statistically meaningful change in HDL and TG concentration, and there were no significant differences in age and place of residence. According to this study, vitamin D may help type 2 diabetics lower their total cholesterol and LDL concentrations
Spectroscopic and Thermal Studies of Some Palladium(II) Complexes with 2-amino-4-(4-subsistuted phenyl)thiazole Derivatives
Get PDFSix new complexes of palladium(II) with a general formula [Pd(L)2Cl2], where L = 2-amino-4-(4-subsistuted phenyl)thiazole. The palladium complexes were prepared by the reaction of 2-amino-4-(4-subsistuted phenyl)thiazole ligands with with Bis(benzonitrile)palladium(II) dichloride in chloroform solvent at molar ratio Pd:L=1:2. The resulting complexes were characterized by the magnetic susceptibility, conductivity measurements, infrared, 1H NMR and the thermo gravimetric analysis. Elemental analyses, spectroscopic and another physical studies of the prepared palladium (II) complexes allowed structures to be proposed. The thermal properties of the prepared complexes indicated the all-decomposition steps and gave an insight about the stability of palladium(II) complexes. The physical analysis indicated that prepared ligands behaved as mono dental, bounding Pd(II) through the nitrogen atoms from the thiazole ring
Novel Semi-Automated Design for Determination of Iron in Water using Smartphone Camera Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor (CMOS) Biosensor as a Detector Device
Get PDFIn this research, a new method was used to determine the amount of iron in water, by using the colour biosensor of the smart-phone device as a biosensor for the chromatic intensity of the samples images that are examined through a program (colour meter) downloaded to the phone. The concentration of the samples is measured from the value of the basic colours (red, green, blue) (RGB) for recorded video from a device (Galaxy J7 prime 2). An accessory for the mobile device is designed from plastic (black acrylic). In the form of a dark box from the inside equipped with a flow cell and a mirror reflecting the flash light emitted by the mobile device and a green filter complementing the red colour, and a micro switch connected to a smart-phone device via earphones, and the device is attached to the accessory by the device case. The calibration curve for this method was in the range of mg/L (1-8), the correlation coefficient (R2 ) was equal to (0.999), the limit of detection was in the amount of (0.2) mg/L, and the relative standard deviation (RSD%) for the concentration was (4) mg/L, for which the examination was repeated (10) times, and its value was (0.6 %), and the recovery value (Recovery%) was equal to (101.5 %)
Investigation of Phytophthora Infestans Causing Potato Late Blight Disease
Get PDFPhytophthora infestans (Mont.) cause potato late blight disease and can infect of roots, tubers, and shoots of the plant. The majority of significant factors in determining the spread of the potato late blight is the cultivation of infected potato tubers and their presence as agricultural plant debris in the agricultural field. Mycelium, zoospores, Oospores, and sporangia, all these structures can make infection, also Oospores with their thick wall can survive for 3 to 4 years under low temperatures. P. infestans responsible to yield losses may arrive at 100% in optimum condition. There are two types of mating patterns for A1 and A2, and this depends on the spread of each type in different environments. This fungus also contains several genetic patterns that have been identified through molecular analysis. The different genotypes in this fungus led to new challenges to make an unstable guideline for the study of virulence and aggressiveness. Different strategies or methods were used to prevent or control late blight disease, included of chemicals, crop rotation, bio-agents, and resistant plants. There are many advantages or disadvantages to each strategy, but several studies mention that using resistant plants and fungicide together on conditions in suitable times and strategies led to perfect effect. This paper investigated in important factors in the spread of late blight disease, and some challenges in this fungus
Effective Leadership Skills and Approaches During the Pandemic: An Action Research
Get PDFThe COVID-19 outbreak has blatantly exposed the drawbacks of our education systems around the globe. It is important that the possible opportunities which have to ascend in these circumstances be utilized to make the education systems more objective, inclusive, and resilient. The aim of the action research was to recognise and examine the traits of effective leadership and the strategies used during the COVID-19 pandemic at a local private O level school. The key focus was on how the school leadership has ensured to support the teachers during these challenging times. The findings of this study revealed that the school leaders adopted various approaches to cope with the emerging issues. Through this research, we can offer some noteworthy recommendations, which would be useful for researchers, academic scholars, school leadership teams, and experts in the educational context
Immunological Study of Klebsiella Pneumoniae Isolated from Pneumoniae Infection Patients
Get PDFThis study aimed for isolation and identification of Klebsiella pneumoniae was an opportunistic pathogen responsible for a wide range of clinical syndromes such as pneumonia in both hospital and community settings. Assessment some immune parameter this study was carried out in Al-Diwaniya Teaching Hospital in Al-Diwaniya Province during the period from December 2018 to February 2019. A total of 272 individuals in both sex: 139 males and 133 females, including 210 sputum and blood specimens were collected from patients with pneumonia and 62 blood specimens were collected from healthy persons as a control group. The result of Microbiological tests of sputum was found 120(57.2%) specimens as Gram negative bacteria. From these specimens found 62(51.7%) have been appeared as positive result for K. pneumoniae and represented a major cause for pneumonia in this study, 37(59.7%) of them were males and 25(40.3%) female. 59(95.16%) of K. pneumoniae isolates have capsule when stained negatively with Indian ink. While, 60 (96.77%) isolates were appeared hypermucoviscosity (HVM) phenotype. The level of interferon gamma (IFN-γ) and toll like receptor (TLR4) concentration was measured by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELIZA) and was found that IFN-γ is significantly (p ˂0.05) raised in all age groups of patients in comparison to the healthy control groups. The level of IFN-γ in age group (1-10) years recorded high percentage (293.123) compared with other age groups.. On the other hand, the level of TLR4 concentration was found that is significantly (p˂0.05) raised in all age groups of patients in comparison to the healthy control group. The level of TLR4 in age group (51-60) years recorded high percentage (12.993) compared to other age groups