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The Relation of Biomarkers in Serum Non-Alcohol Fatty Liver Disease with Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 and NAFLD Obese among Adults in Basrah Governorate
Get PDFNon-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the term for a range of conditions caused by a build-up of fat in the liver. The goal of the study was to determine the link between lipid damage (MDA), enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants, and various biochemical indicators in patients with NAFLD who had diabetes and obese adults. This study included comparison 100 patients and healthy control group, aged 18 to 75 years while BMI range from 15.9 to 50.9 Kg/m2. Enzymatic antioxidants (superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx)); non-enzymatic antioxidants (GSH, vit E and direct and total bilirubin); lipid damage (malondialdehyde (MDA)), and biochemical markers (liver enzyme (ALT, AST & ALP), glucose, Albumin and lipid profile in the serum samples were measured. The NAFLD with DM and obese adult showed increasing of glucose, BMI, ALT, AST, ALP, T. CHOL, LDL, TG, VLDL, SOD and CAT levels excepted HDL. It showed a decreasing. Whereas decrease of Vitamin E and ALB levels compared to control group. Our findings show that the serum enzymatic anti-oxidant, non-enzymatic anti-oxidant, dyslipidemia and liver disfunction and vitamin E decrease are tightly and independently related to NAFLD with diabetes and obese adult status
Design of a New Bioluminescence Sensor Using an Arduino Device Linked to Bluetooth Mobile Phone and USB Computer to Measure Triglycerides
Get PDFIn this work, a new device is designed for measuring the light intensity of the Bioluminescence reaction between Luminol with Hydrogen peroxide that is produced as an activity of Triglycerides Phosphate Oxidase. The project includes the use of a homemade and semi-automated device for the determination of Chemiluminescence (CL) and Bioluminescence light by direct reaction analysis of Luminol with oxidant and using a Mobile –phone as a recorder which is employed in chemistry with Arduino and applied this device into the enzymatic reaction for determine Triglyceride by this new methods. The method is easy, simple, and rapid with high sensitivity for the determination of hydrogen peroxide. The light of the Bioluminescence reaction of Luminol (5-amino-2,3-dihydro-1,4_phthalazinedione) with oxidant (H2O2) was sensed by photocell and the signal was sent to Mobile. The method used to determine glycerol and compare the results of the device with real value to give high accuracy, Triglyceride was determined in its kit. It gave 99.2 and ±0.1 of Recovery and RSD, respectively
Watery Diarrhea of Cryptosporidium in Paediatrics
Get PDFThe aim of this study is to detect Cryptosporidium infection causing cryptosporidiosis in AL -Qadisiyah province, Iraq. This study includes the test of 115 stool samples were collected from children of both sexes, aged one month to five years, suffering from diarrhea and hospitalized in the children\u27s hospital. An investigative study was conducted on a parasite. The samples were analyzed using Zyl-Nelson staining. The results showed an overall infection rate of 39.13%, of which 26.08% occurred in rural areas and 13.04% in center areas. Most of the infections occurred at 1-12 months of age, higher than other age groups 12.17% early age the most susceptible to infection and there was no significant difference between male and female infections
The Quantity of Uranium in Soil Samples Collected from Particular Sites Within the North Maysan Governorate Using ICP-MS
Get PDFIn this particular investigation, 30 surface soil samples taken from various locations across North Maysan governorate were analyzed using ICP-MS (inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry), several of which the researchers know, have been analyzed for an initial time. Uranium was investigated in soils in concentrations ranging from 0.52 µg.mL-1 (Almajar Alkabeer 4) to 1.91 µg.mL-1 (Almajar Alkabeer5). The results are presented and compared with the ones from a different study. The soil samples that were studied had less than 100 µg.mL-1 of uranium, which shows that they are composed of overloads and garbage rather than mineable stocks. This article describes and assesses the uranium content in the North Maysan Governorates. Additionally, all 30 exposed earth samples had uranium below the detection threshold. The results show that the samples of surface soils under investigation have uranium concentrations below the allowable limit (11.7 µg.mL-1) established by UNSCEAR in 1993
A Novel Yttrium(III) Complex for Estimating Dopamine in Pure and Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms
Get PDFA simple, rapid, sensitive, accurate, precise, and cost-effective spectrophotometric method has been developed to estimate dopamine in pure and pharmaceutical dosage forms based on the redox reaction of dopamine in an acid medium with Yttrium(III) ion as an oxidizing agent. The latter suffers reduction to Yttrium(II) ion and reacted with 1,10-phenanthroline to form a colored product peaking at 510 nm. Beer\u27s law is obeyed in the concentration range of 0.5-10 μg mL−1 with a molar absorptivity of 1.16x104 L mole−1 cm−1, Sandall\u27s sensitivity of 0.0131 μg.cm-2, the recovery rate of dopamine in pharmaceutical dosage was in the range of 98.97 to 101.57%. The effects of variables such as oxidizing agent, reagent concentration, time of oxidation reaction, surfactant, formation constant of the complex, have been investigated to optimize the procedure. The results have been validated analytically and statistically. The proposed method has been successfully applied to estimate dopamine in pharmaceutical dosage forms
Biomarkers are Significant Clinical Features in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Get PDFLetter to American Psychiatric Associatio
Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activities of Syzygium Aromaticum Capparis Spinosa, and Some Novel Acylselenourea and Acylthourea Derivatives
Get PDFThis study aims to tested the antibacterial and antioxidant activities of two different plant extracts which were Syzygium aromaticum and Capparis spinosa, and five novel derivatives, i.e. [4-Nitro-N-((4-(N-(pyrimidin-2-yl) sulfamoyl) phenyl) carbamoselenoyl) Benz amide (1), 4-Methyl-N-((4-(N-(pyrimidin-2-yl) sulfamoyl) phenyl) carbamoselenoyl) Benz amide (2), 4-Methyl-N-((4-(N-(pyrimidin-2-yl) sulfamoyl phenyl) carbamothioyl) Benz amide (3), 4-Nitro-N-((4-nitrophenyl) carbamo selenoyl) Benz amide (4), N-(2,6-dioxo-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyrimidine-1-carbonoselenoyl)-nitrobenzamide (5)] in six concentrations:1,5, 10,25, 50, and 100 ug/ml of plant extracts and in three concentrations. 500,750 ,1000ug/ml of novel synthesis compounds on gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus) and gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli). The antibacterial activity was evaluated with antibiotics susceptible and resistant to microorganisms. The 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging technique was used to assess antioxidant activity. The findings showed that Syzygium aromaticum extract and synthesis compound 3 were more effective against Escherichia coli bacteria and less effective against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria, whereas Capparis spinosa extract and synthesis compounds (1, 2, 4, and 5) were more effective against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria and less effective against Escherichia coli bacteria. The oxidation of the synthesis compounds (1, 2, and 3) is effective at concentrations of 500, 750, and 1000 and ineffective at concentrations of 50, 100, and 250, while compound 4 is effective at concentrations of 100, 250, 500, 750, and 1000 and ineffective at concentrations of 50 only. Compound 5 was effective at all concentrations
The Role of Gold Nanoparticles/Au-PEG-PAMAM as Drug Delivery System for Treatment of Breast Cancer
Get PDFTo enhance the cellular uptake and chemotherapeutic efficacy of a current chemotherapeutic medication, a nanoparticle drug carrier technology has been designed. Due to their distinctive electrical and optical characteristics, gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) have recently demonstrated intriguing medical and military uses. In the event that they come into touch with a biological system, little is known about their biocompatibility. Metallic nanoparticles have been successfully utilized for a kind of biological applications. A drug delivery system known as Au – PEG – PAMAM – DOX was produced by conjugating the dendrimer with the anti-cancer chemical doxorubicin (DOX) via an amide bond. The amount of DOX released from Au – PEG – PAMAM – DOX at a natural pH was negligible, but this amount significantly increased in an environment with a weak acidic milieu, according to studies on the release of medicines from acellular sources. A research into the intracellular release of the medication was carried out with the assistance of confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Recently conjugation to the nanosystem, in vitro viability experiments revealed an increase in the associated DOX cytotoxicity that could not be attributable to carrier components. This indicates that the effectiveness of the DOX was increased. In light of this, it has been hypothesized that the newly created pH-triggered multifunctional Au NPs- DOX nanoparticle system could pave the way for a viable platform for the intracellular delivery of a range of anticancer medicines. In the current study, the common Au NPs synthesis techniques and their well-established uses in diverse needs, particularly in biological sensing applications
Two Cases of Skin Mycosis Due to Hanseniaspora Opuntiae and Cutaneotrichosporon Mucoides at Basrah Southern of Iraq
Get PDFMycoses of the skin are a group of infections that affect the skin and its appendages, mainly caused by dermatophytic fungi, and may be caused by yeasts or rearly by non-dermatophytic molds. Skin swabs collected from 60 patients attending the Dermatology Clinics at Madinah Central Hospital and Al-Fayhaa General Hospital in Basrah province from October 2021 to March 2022 were surveyed for the presence of dermatomycoses. Direct microscopical examination was carried out with 15% KOH, and repeated cultures were performed on Sabouraud dextrose agar with chloramphenicol showed the same colonies. In this paper,we present two interesting cases in which Hanseniaspora opuntiae HAM17 and Cutaneotrichosporon mucoides HAM14 can be distinctly identified as causative agent of cutaneous mycoses. In the first case, we describe a new etiologic agent, Hanseniaspora opuntiae HAM17, which was implicated in a cutaneous infection in a 45-year-old woman with a history of diabetes mellitus, and to the best of our knowledege, it represents the fourth clinical case due to this fungus in the world. The second case involved cutaneous mycosis due to Cutaneotrichosporon mucoides HAM14 in a 23-year-old woman showed inflammatory lesions similar to acne on the back, and she was suffering from hormonal disorders. This case and the etiologic agent are reported for the first time in Iraq. The isolated yeast species were examined and purified for phenotypic identification and genetical analysis using the primers ITS1-ITS4. Sequences were deposited into Japanese Genbank as new strains under accession numbers LC722487 and LC722484
A Comparative Analysis of Headteachers\u27 Task-Oriented Leadership Behaviour and People-Oriented Leadership Behaviour at Secondary School Level
Get PDFThis study engages in a nuanced comparative analysis of the leadership behaviours of headteachers, with a specific focus on Task-oriented and People-oriented leadership styles, within public secondary schools across three distinct districts in South Punjab. Guided by Blake and Mouton\u27s Leadership Theory, the research endeavours to classify these educational leaders as predominantly people-oriented or task-oriented. The study used a descriptive and quantitative research design and a survey methodology. Data collection was facilitated through a self-developed questionnaire administered to the teachers within the targeted South Punjab public secondary schools. The results indicated a stronger inclination among headteachers towards people-oriented leadership behaviours than task-oriented behaviours. The findings have profound implications for educational leadership, highlighting a potential path for headteachers in secondary schools to reevaluate and refine their leadership styles. Such a transformation may significantly enhance teacher motivation, improving student academic performance. Beyond its immediate context, this study is a foundational platform for future research in related fields, fostering a deeper understanding of leadership behaviours in educational settings